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Voices of Pineland - Eugenics, Social Reform and the Legacy of ""Feeblemindedness"" in Maine (Hardcover, New)
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Voices of Pineland - Eugenics, Social Reform and the Legacy of ""Feeblemindedness"" in Maine (Hardcover, New)
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Voices of Pineland: Eugenics, Social Reform, and the Legacy of
"Feeblemindedness" in Maine by Stephen Murphy tells the story of
the Maine School for the Feebleminded, later known as Pineland
Hospital and Training Center. Based on an in depth analysis of
annual institutional reports, newspaper clippings, legal documents,
and other archival sources as well as interviews with former
residents, their family members, and staff, Murphy traces the
history of the Maine institution from its founding in 1908 to its
eventual closure in 1996. Prior to 1908, Maine sent many of its
citizens with intellectual and developmental disabilities to
Massachusetts. When the state established the Maine School for the
Feebleminded, it modeled it after an institution in Massachusetts
that had been the first asylum for socalled "idiots" in the United
States. Murphy shows the influences of both social forces and the
personalities of superintendents, elected officials, and eventually
lawyers, advocates, and court officials on Pineland's history
Voices of Pineland is more than the story of Maine's institution
for the feebleminded, though. It provides a lens through which to
view the history of people with intellectual disabilities in
twentieth century America. The founding of the Maine School for the
Feebleminded was a product of the eugenics fervor that swept the
country around the turn of the century and continued for several
decades. The feebleminded were seen as a cause of a broad range of
social problems and a threat to the social order. Like other
states, Maine turned to the institution and later involuntary
sterilization to prevent the feebleminded from spreading their
alleged defective genes. The population of the Maine school
steadily grew, and the institution soon became overcrowded and
understaffed. As early as 1938, charges of abuse and neglect at the
institution were reported in the press. This predated the flurry of
exposes on state schools and mental hospitals in the national
media, including Life magazine and Reader's Digest, in the
post-World War II era.
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