The essence of decision-aiding software is that it consists of
various forms of microcomputer programming designed to enable users
to process a set of (1) goals to be achieved, (2) alternatives
available for achieving them, and (3) relations between goals and
alternatives in order to choose the best alternative, combination,
allocation, or predictive decision-rule. Benefits from using
decision-aiding software include (1) being more explicit about
goals to be achieved, alternatives available for achieving them,
and relations between goals and alternatives; (2) being stimulated
to think of more goals, alternatives, and relations than one would
otherwise be likely to do; (3) being prepared to handle multiple
goals, alternatives, and relations without getting confused and
without feeling the need to resort to a single composite goal or a
single go/no-go alternative; (4) being encouraged to experiment
with changes in the inputs into one's thinking to see how one's
conclusions are affected; and (5) being better able to achieve or
exceed one's goals when choosing among alternatives or allocating
scarce resources.
There are five parts to the book covering: (1) a broad overview
of decision-aiding packages, including criteria for evaluating
them; (2) approaches that are based on management science and
operations research, including linear programming and decision
trees; (3) spreadsheet-based software, generally with goals on the
columns, alternatives on the rows, relations in the cells, overall
totals for each alternative at the far right, and a capability for
indicating how the totals would be altered as a result of changes
in the inputs; (4) expert systems software including rule-based and
knowledge-based expert systems; and (5) general applications of
decision-aiding software and a discussion of the increasing
utilization of such software.
General
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