Bank filtration (BF) is a natural water treatment process which
induces surface water to flow in response to a hydraulic gradient
through soil/sediment and into a vertical or horizontal well. It is
a relatively cost-effective, robust and sustainable technology.
From a historical perspective, BF is first mentioned in the bible,
and the process has been recognized as a proven method for drinking
water treatment in Europe for more than 100 years. However, the
mechanisms of removal of different contaminants during BF are not
fully understood. This study showed that BF is an effective
multiple objective barrier for removal of different contaminants
present in surface water sources including bulk organic matter and
organic micropollutants (OMPs) like pharmaceutically active
compounds and endocrine disrupting compounds. It was found that
biodegradation and adsorption play primary and secondary roles,
respectively, in the removal of OMPs during soil passage.
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