If sound policy is to be made on the issue of marijuana in the
workplace, all available empirical evidence about its impact on job
performance should be utilized in the decision process. Although a
substantial amount of relevant research has been done, the results
published in journals in widely divergent fields, are not easily
summarized and present no single, simple message for decision
makers. Schwenk and Rhodes offer a unique review of this complex
body of work and challenge the many highly publicized but
scientifically unsound mythical numbers touted as supporting
various policy options. The authors provide a clear and objective
presentation to managers on how to evaluate the evidence for
themselves and make sound decisions for their own organizations.
Scrupulously unbiased in its choice of material, the book will be
an essential resource for organizational and public policy makers,
and for university students and their teachers.
The effect of marijuana on job performance has been widely
accepted as harmful--but is it? Congress thought so, and in 1988,
used productivity losses which it attributed to marijuana and other
drugs to justify passage of legislation initiating a mandate for a
drug-free workplace. Additional legislation expanding this mandate
followed and a high percentage of large corporations and an
increasing number of small businesses now expend scarce resources
on anti-drug programs. Schwenk and Rhodes remain neutral in the
debate over workplace drug policies, but argue that policy should
be informed by empirical research on the impact of marijuana on job
performance. Their book is both a challenge to the mythical numbers
so often publicized as supporting a particular advocate's vested
position, and a guide to both practitioners and scholars to help
them evaluate the diverse body of existing evidence and the claims
made by those committed to given policy positions.
Schwenk and Rhodes reprint examples of high quality research
previously published in major journals in the fields of psychology,
anthropology, economics and medicine. Reviewing and summarizing
existing findings, the authors relate these findings to the
decision situations faced by policy-makers in the private and
public sectors. While the book refuses to endorse any decision
outcome with regard to marijuana and the workplace, it makes strong
recommendations about the DEGREESIprocesses DEGREESR that should be
used in selecting those outcomes. It provides guidelines for
evaluating policy-relevant social scientific evidence and discusses
the role such evidence can and should play in policy-making. The
book shows that contrary to widely held beliefs, very little
evidence that the substance has a consistent negative effect on
worker productivity. Though social science does not show that
resources devoted to creating a drug-free workplace are likely to
pay off economically, the authors stress that the implications of
this fact for corporate and government decisions are not cut and
dried, but depend on the decision rules and the policy goals
selected by policy-makers. This book will be an essential tool for
managers, scholars, and anyone trying to make sense of the
complicated and confusing maze of data and arguments surrounding
this divisive issue.
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