The Bildungsroman, or "novel of formation," has long led a
paradoxical life within literary studies, having been construed
both as a peculiarly German genre, a marker of that country's
cultural difference from Western Europe, and as a universal
expression of modernity. In Formative Fictions, Tobias Boes argues
that the dual status of the Bildungsroman renders this novelistic
form an elegant way to negotiate the diverging critical discourses
surrounding national and world literature.
Since the late eighteenth century, authors have employed the
story of a protagonist's journey into maturity as a powerful tool
with which to facilitate the creation of national communities among
their readers. Such attempts always stumble over what Boes calls
"cosmopolitan remainders," identity claims that resist
nationalism's aim for closure in the normative regime of the
nation-state. These cosmopolitan remainders are responsible for the
curiously hesitant endings of so many novels of formation.
In Formative Fictions, Boes presents readings of a number of
novels Goethe s Wilhelm Meister s Apprenticeship, Karl Leberecht
Immermann s The Epigones, Gustav Freytag s Debit and Credit, Alfred
Doblin s Berlin Alexanderplatz, and Thomas Mann s Doctor Faustus
among them that have always been felt to be particularly "German"
and compares them with novels by such authors as George Eliot and
James Joyce to show that what seem to be markers of national
particularity can productively be read as topics of world
literature."
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