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Martha Graham's Cold War - The Dance of American Diplomacy (Hardcover)
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Martha Graham's Cold War - The Dance of American Diplomacy (Hardcover)
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Martha Graham's Cold War frames the story of Martha Graham and her
particular brand of dance modernism as pro-Western Cold War
propaganda used by the United States government to promote American
democracy. Representing every seated president from Dwight D.
Eisenhower through Ronald Reagan, Graham performed politics in the
global field for over thirty years. Why did the State Department
consistently choose Martha Graham? As with other art forms such as
jazz or avant-garde paintings, modern dance was seen to demonstrate
American values of individualism and freedom; the choreographer
used the freed body to make a new dance technique that could find
the essence of human narratives. Graham targeted elites and its
youth with modern dance to propound the 'universalism' of human
rights under the banner of American democracy. In her choreography,
argues author Victoria Phillips, Graham recast the stories of the
Western canon through female protagonists whom she captured as
timeless, seemingly beyond current politics, and in so doing
implied superior political and cultural values of the Free World.
Centering on powerful yet not demonstrably American female
characters, the stories Graham danced seduced and captured the
imaginations of elite audiences without seeming to force a
determinedly American agenda. When her characters grew mythic on
stage, they became the stories of all mankind, as Graham termed it.
"My dances are ages old in meaning," she declared. But Graham took
the pro-American argument one step further than her artistic
compatriots. She added the trope of the frontier to her repertory.
In the Cold War, Graham's particular modernism and the woman
herself ossified, as did political aims of a cultural diplomacy
based on an appeal to foreign elites. Phillips lays bare the
side-by-side trajectories between the aging of Graham's
choreography, her work as an ambassador, and the political
dominance of the United States as a global power. With her tours
and Cold War modernism, she demonstrated the power of the
individual, immigrants, republicanism, and freedom from walls and
metaphorical fences through cultural diplomacy with the unfettered
language of movement and dance.
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