Psychologists have spent thousands of years studying the
learning processes of the white rat, yet until recently they have
neglected the laboratory of everyday social behavior for studying
learning in man. In this book the leading experts in learning
theory and pharmacology examine the role of learning mechanisms in
smoking. The results provide new insights into the study of
learning and determine new directions for future research on
smoking and its control.
Two opening essays establish the framework for the volume. One
is a thorough review of research on controlling smoking behavior,
and the other is a review of findings on the personality of the
smoker and the non-smoker. A second part includes four essays. The
first discusses the role played by habit in smoking, defining habit
in terms of "fixed behavior patterns, over learned to the point of
becoming automatic, and marked by decreasing awareness and
increasing dependency on secondary rather than primary
reinforcement." The second discusses mechanisms of self-control,
concentrating on humiliation or the realization of "membership in
an ethically repugnant class" as one typical means of achieving
such control. The third is an excellent statement of the
reinforcement position, and the fourth discusses the role of
nicotine as an addictive agent. Part three presents the views of
sociologists on smoking behavior and goes on to discuss the effects
of prolonged alcohol ingestion on the eating, drinking, and smoking
patterns of chronic alcoholics.
In its new approach to the study of smoking and learning
behavior this book is of continuing interest to psychologists,
psychiatrists, medical doctors, public health officers,
teachers--anyone interested in the scientific study and practical
control of smoking behavior. It is valuable collateral reading for
courses in experimental psychology, social psychology, and health
education on both the undergraduate and graduate levels.
"William A. Hunt" (1903-1986) was professor of psychology at
Loyola University, Chicago. He was also chairman of the Department
of Psychology at Northwestern University. During World War II, he
headed the Navy's clinical psychology program. He has served as a
member of the Medical Advisory Group to the Administrator of
Veterans Affairs, the Army's Scientific Advisory Panel, and the
Community Research and Resources Panel of the National Institutes
of Mental Health, as well as being for many years a consultant to
the Surgeons General of both the Army and Navy.
General
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