The latest scientific knowledge on climate change indicates that
higher greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere through
unchecked emissions will provoke severe climate change and ocean
acidification. Both impacts can fundamentally alter environmental
structures on which humanity relies and have serious consequences
for the food chain among others. Climate change therefore poses
major socio-economic, technical and environmental challenges which
will have serious impacts on countries' pathways towards
sustainable development. As a result, climate change and
sustainable development have increasingly become interlinked. A
changing climate makes achieving Millennium Development Goals more
difficult and expensive, so there is every reason to achieve
development goals with low greenhouse gas emissions. This leads to
the following five challenges discussed by Challenges and Solutions
for Climate Change: 1. To place climate negotiations in the wider
context of sustainability, equity and social change so that
development benefits can be maximised at the same time as
decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. 2. To select technologies or
measures for climate change mitigation and adaptation based on
countries' sustainable development and climate goals. 3. To create
low greenhouse gas emission and climate resilient strategies and
action plans in order to accelerate innovation needed for achieving
sustainable development and climate goals on the scale and
timescale required within countries. 4. To rationalize the current
directions in international climate policy making in order to
provide coherent and efficient support to developing countries in
devising and implementing strategies and action plans for low
emission technology transfers to deliver climate and sustainable
development goals. 5. To facilitate development of an international
framework for financial resources in order to support technology
development and transfer, improve enabling environments for
innovation, address equity issues such as poor people's energy
access, and make implementation of activities possible at the
desired scale within the country. The solutions presented in
Challenges and Solutions for Climate Change show how ambitious
measures can be undertaken which are fully in line with domestic
interests, both in developing and in developed countries, and how
these measures can be supported through the international
mechanisms.
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