"Martin should be commended for finding a niche in this vast
literature and managing to say something original ... His book is
worth reading because it reminds us of an important aspect of
Enlightenment thinking, one that questioned the freedom of the
will." . H-France
..". strongly recommended for specialists and advanced scholars
of the period." . History: Review of New Books
..". a valuable contribution to the institutional history of the
Jacobin clubs." . Canadian Journal of History
What view of man did the French Revolutionaries hold? Anyone who
purports to be interested in the "Rights of Man" could be expected
to see this question as crucial and yet, surprisingly, it is rarely
raised. Through his work as a legal historian, Xavier Martin came
to realize that there is no unified view of man and that, alongside
the "official" revolutionary discourse, very divergent views can be
traced in a variety of sources from the Enlightenment to the
Napoleonic Code. Michelet's phrases, "Know men in order to act upon
them" sums up the problem that Martin's study constantly seeks to
elucidate and illustrate: it reveals the prevailing tendency to see
men as passive, giving legislators and medical people alike free
rein to manipulate them at will. His analysis impels the reader to
revaluate the Enlightenment concept of humanism. By drawing on a
variety of sources, the author shows how the anthropology of
Enlightenment and revolutionary France often conflicts with
concurrent discourses.
Xavier Martin is a Historian of Law and Professor at the
Faculty of Law, Economics and Social Sciences at Angers University.
He has published extensively on the ideology of the French
Revolution and on the Code Civil of 1804."
General
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