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Plants have vital role in the lives of Humans, especially Cereal
crops are important source of food for Human and other animals.
Some environmental factor limiting the yield of these commercially
important plants, heat stress is one of these factors. Now there is
need to produce the more yield of the plants under limiting
environmental conditions to fulfill the requirements of humans and
other animals by producing the research techniques. The present
book describes the environmental heat stress impacts on the plants
especially on maize. Heat stress effects the morphology, physiology
and reducing the yield of the maize crop. Plants adapt different
methods to cope with the heat stress condition, heat stress produce
reactive oxygen species that retards the plants growth. Heat shock
protein development has been found in tolerant plants. Different
osmoprotectants are used as priming and foliar treatments to
improve the crop's growth and yield.
The importance of plant is not hidden from anyone. No doubt plants
are divine gift to us. Green medicines are now more popular than
the synthetic ones because of having the potential to cure a large
number of diseases with a strong belief that herbal medicines are
with less side effects, safe and easily availability. The present
book consists of two important medicinal plants Jacaranda
mimosifolia and Allamanda cathartica, which have antioxidant
potential and various biological activities. Jacaranda mimosifilia
belongs to Bignoniaceae family commonly known as the Trumpet
Creeper, Jacaranda, blue Jacaranda, Black Poui, the Fern Tree, and
Tarco, Bignonia or the Catalpa family that consist of about 120
genera and about 800 species. It has many bioactive constituents
and diverse pharmacological activities such as cardiovascular,
cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, wound healing, hypotensive
and many others. Allamanda cathartica L. belongs to apocynaceae
family commonly recognized as Dogbane or Oleander family that
consist of about 200 genera and 2,000 species. It is also
therapeutically very important plant because of its numerous
bioactive chemical constituents.
The aim of study was to evaluate plasma antioxidant status, protein
content, glycemic level, lipid profiles and lipid peroxidation
products in type 2 diabetic patients and any effect of gender on
these biochemical parameters. Plasma total cholesterol (TC),
triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density
lipoproteins (HDL) levels, Antioxidants i.e. superoxide dismutase
(SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) peroxidase (POD, EC
1.11.1.7) and plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) content were
significantly higher in diabetic patients. Elevated glucose level,
lipid profiles and peroxidation products indicating oxidative
stress damage in diabetic patients. Antioxidants like SOD and CAT
were enhanced in response to oxidative stress by hyperglycemia and
thus to detoxify the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by
hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin
action, or both. Here we focused on the epidemiology, late diabetic
complications, association between diabetes mellitus and HCV
infection and plasma protein profiling. Type 2 diabetes is most
prevalent type and is more common in females. Above 70% diabetics
had poor glycemic control along with one or more late diabetic
complication(s) i.e. hypertensions, any grade of retinopathy and
neuropathy. About 36.538% diabetic patients were reported to have
HCV infection while in control group only 1.923% subjects were HCV
positive by RT-PCR. Female diabetics have more risk to acquire HCV
as compare to the male diabetic patients. Medical practices
(hospitalization) play no role in nosocomial transmission of HCV in
diabetic patients. Differences in the protein pattern were observed
in low molecular weight proteins (5 to 35 kDa). Protein bands of
31kDa, 11kDa and 6.5kDa were missing in some diabetic HCV positive
samples. Plasma protein profiling of diabetic patients by SDS-PAGE
may be helpful to evaluate the disease state.
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