Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals: Lignin Biorefinery discusses the scientific and technical information relating to the structure and physico-chemical characteristics of lignin. The book covers the different processes (biological, thermal and catalytic routes) available for lignin conversion into specialty chemicals or fuels, activity relationships, and how optimized process parameters help establish the feasible size of the commercial plant in a centralized or decentralized model. In addition, the advantages and limitations of different technologies are discussed, considering local energy, chemicals, biopolymers, drug intermediates, activated carbons, and much more.

Bioremediation of Endocrine Disrupting Pollutants in Industrial Wastewater describes the occurrence and sources of endocrine disruptive pollutants (EDPs) in various industrial wastewaters. It discusses the type of EDPs, their effects and detection and treatment methods and presents the fate and effect of EDPs, their quantitative and qualitative analysis in industrial wastewaters and treatment through conventional and advanced technologies. It also presents the most advanced and innovative approaches for the management of EDPs in industrial wastewaters.The book will be a vital source of information for the students and researchers who have interest in emerging pollutants, specifically endocrine disruptive pollutants for their treatment and management.

Photobioreactors: Design and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of photobioreactor design, types and applications. It also introduces key principles that enable chemical and environmental engineers to engage in analysis, optimization and design with consistent control over biological and chemical transformations. The use of computational modeling of processes, control systems and CFD is in great demand. This book covers these aspects of chemical and bioprocesses.

Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Membrane Technology for Sustainable Water and Energy Management covers a variety of advanced technologies for membrane processes, including water/wastewater treatment and reuse, membrane materials, operation and maintenance, fouling control, life cycle assessment, removal of micro/emerging pollutants, and operational cost of membrane processes. Supported by prominent editors and global contributors, this reference contains chapters on membrane treatment strategies for the current pollution of complex organic matters, nutrients, toxic substances, microplastics, membrane fouling control in different water resources, and reusing water resources through promising separation technologies, including reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, and membrane distillation.

Advances in Eco-friendly and Sustainable Technologies for the Treatment of Textile Wastewater delivers a comprehensive overview of the advancements in a variety of treatment approaches with a major emphasis on bioremediation for the removal and degradation of textile dyes. This book summarizes the latest advancements in textile dyes/effluent treatment technologies and evaluates the major physico-chemical and biological processes that are most popular among textile industrial wastewater treatment plants. The book examines recent advanced treatment options, including photocatalysis with the aid of nanotechnology, as well as advanced oxidation processes, with an emphasis on bioremediation methods.

The primary concern of environmental sustainability is to: (i) reduce use of physical and depletable resources; (ii) recycle and use renewable resources; (iii) redesign the production process to eliminate the production of toxic materials and protect the environment. Biochar, as a renewable material, can be produced from various sustainable biomass feedstocks through pyrolysis technologies. Biochar Towards Sustainable Environment highlights the contribution of biochar to environmental sustainability. The book provides a detailed overview of the sustainable biomass wastes feedstocks and different technologies for biochar production, and its sustainable applications in various aspects.

Pesticides: Human Health, Environmental Impacts and Management considers microbial degradation and environmental management of pesticides, covers microbial options as an alternative to chemical pesticides, explores plant-microbe interactions for reduced applications of pesticides in the agricultural fields, discusses the enhancement of microbial pesticides degradation, explains function of engineered microorganisms for effective pesticide degradation, describes potential indigenous/effective microbes for effective pesticide degradation processes, and presents research on microbes for sustainable agricultural and environmental practices.

Deep eutectic solvents represent the newest addition among all other non-conventional and alternate solvent systems. Deep Eutectic Solvent Fund Emerging Applications provides detailed insights on these neoteric solvents, their synthesis methods, types, physicochemical properties, and sustainable applications in emerging scientific areas. The book follows a mechanistic approach on understanding the role of DESs as sustainable media for CO2 capture, biomass pretreatment, as catalysts, as reaction media for material synthesis, cross coupling reactions, templates for drug delivery, etc. The book offers a springboard for encouraging vital discussions and inspiring further innovations in the field of environmentally benign eutectic solvent systems.

Sustainable Treatment Technologies for Pre- and Poly-flourakyl Substances provides comprehensive details about per- and poly-fluroalkyls substances (PFASs), which are highly toxic and bio-accumulative substances that do not biodegrade easily or cannot be neutralized under normal environmental conditions. It discusses their occurrence in water, wastewater, and aquatic environment, their bioaccumulation in plants, environmental impacts and various remedial technologies for their treatment and management. All the chapters provide state-of-art information about PFASs, describing their identification methods, characterization and present critical analysis of the treatment methods such as physical, chemical, biological, hybrid and advanced systems. This book is a ready reference for the environmental engineers, municipal engineers, environmental practitioners, policy makers, and planners; it is also a practical guide for industrial engineers, government bodies and ecologists as well as for researchers.

Filamentous Fungi Biorefinery, the latest release in the Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering series, builds on knowledge on the classification of filamentous fungi and presence and roles played in ecosystems. The importance of filamentous fungi is then further corroborated through a description of their present applications in biotechnological processes. Knowledge on fungal biology is extended through discussion on structure and composition together with a description of growth potentialities of filamentous fungi in/on a wide range of substrates. In addition, the morphology of filamentous fungi is then described and its implications during integration in industrial processes is discussed. The book then provides an overview on the use of filamentous fungi for the production of a wide range of value-added products, including feed and food products, alcohols, organic acids, pigments, enzymes, antibiotics and biopolymers. All provided state-of-arts are extended to a description of the present degree of application of filamentous fungi towards the production of those products using low-value substrates, identification of research gaps, and proposes future research avenues.

Advances in Phytoremediation Technology offers in-depth information regarding the strategies and approaches facilitating the integration of technologies for wastewater treatment. The book highlights the role of hydrophytes, hyperaccumulators and native plants for accumulation and detoxification of industrial wastewater. Various chapters presented in the book are focused on the sustainability approaches as the centre theme to facilitate industries & policymakers in adopting circular economy goals. Since the principle idea of circular bioeconomy is to make transition from linear economy, it involves advanced technological and designing breakthroughs to reduce waste with a closed looped system. This pioneers a cradle to cradle and waste to resources approach. Integration of various technologies has been considered as possible best ways to utilize the industry wastewater treatment.

Advances in Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems covers different recent advanced technologies, including green technologies, for biological wastewater treatment and wastewater reuse. The technologies involve novel biological processes and/or modified processes coupled with nano materials for improving the performance of the existing treatment processes. The book also describes treatment strategies for the current pollution from complex organic matter, nutrients, toxic substances, micro plastics and emerging micro pollutants in different water resources. The treatment processes describe the recent developed technologies for wastewater treatment and reuse such as biological nutrient removal, bioreactors, photobioreactors, membrane bioreactors, wetlands, algae-bacteria process, natural treatments, integrated/hybrid bio systems, etc. The novel bio systems include aerobic, anaerobic, facultative operation modes with various of types of microorganisms.

Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Occurrence, Environmental Impacts and Treatment Processes comprehensively illustrates the microplastics and nanoplastics pollution in different waters, wastewaters and terrestrial environment, and the possibilities of their removal/degradation. It provides a through and exhaustive discussion of the ongoing research and future perspectives of micro/nanoplastics, their interaction with other chemicals, the advanced degradation technologies and their impacts on the ecosystem. Micro- and nano-plastic pollution is an important topic in academia and industry and is gaining considerable attention in the society due to the concerns related to plastics. In addition to presenting the current issues and trends, this book also addresses some concrete solutions to mitigate this emerging environmental threat. This book is written at an advanced level to address the needs of researchers, students as well as people outside the field of environment technology including, industries, government sectors, business establishments and public interest groups.

Composting and vermicomposting are widely used biological processes for the management of the wastes produced by the communities and agricultural activities, which have experienced substantial growth during the last few years. Advances in Composting and Vermicomposting Technology summarizes the most important work conducted during the last few years under one cover. The book includes conventional and recent advancements in composting and vermicompostimg technologies, information regarding mitigation of greenhouse gases emission and resistant genes, and finally recovery of "Value-Added Materials" in the composting sectors. Furthermore it includes models and available upgradation, global case studies, opportunities and challenges (technical constraints, Institutional constraints and social constraints) associated with the composting technology advancement and finally, application of LCA and considerations in economic evaluation of composting technologies and other organic waste treatment strategies.

Advances in Food Engineering, the latest release in the Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering series, is a unique source of state-of-art information about scientific and technological advances in food engineering. The book gives specific understanding of the engineering properties of food materials such as the morphological, physic-chemical, nutritional, thermal and organoleptic characteristics of food products. It covers food processing and preservation methods such as pressure, light, electromagnetic, sound and heat based and also the use of artificial intelligence-based machineries, intelligent control systems, Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain for food security traceability.

Biomass, Biofuels, and Biochemicals: Algae-Based Biomaterials for Sustainable Development, Biomedical, Environmental Remediation and Sustainability Assessment, a new release in the Biomass, Biofuels, and Biochemicals series, covers algae-based biomaterials-the green and renewable material that can be produced from various micro- and macro-algae species and utilized for several applications, including biomedical healthcare and environmental remediation. The book provides assessments of the current development of algae-based biomaterials, delivering information on diverse feedstocks and technologies for biomaterial production with a perspective surrounding sustainable development. In addition, circular bioeconomy aspects are included, giving researchers a comprehensive, sustainable development view. This valuable addition to the series delivers a much-needed reference for today's applications in biomedical and environmental remediation.

Advances in Bioprocess Engineering, the latest release in the Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering series, provides a comprehensive overview of bioprocess systems, kinetics, bioreactor design, batch and continuous reactors and introduces key principles that enable bioprocess engineers to engage in analysis, optimization and design with consistent control over biological and chemical transformations. The bioprocessing sector is also updating its technologies with state-of-the art techniques to keep up with the rising demand of the industry and R&D. This book covers these aspects, taking readers through a step-by-step journey of bioprocessing while also guiding them towards a new era and future.

Smart Solutions for Wastewater: Road-mapping the Transition to Circular Economy, the latest release in the Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering presents up-to-date information on research and technological developments of resource recovery in wastewater treatment in terms of carbon, nutrients and energy. The book fulfils the gaps and current challenges that hinder the application of resource recovery facilities in wastewater treatment plants, discusses knowledge gaps, provides future research perspectives, and discusses strategies to solve problems from a circular economy perspective. It is an excellent, interdisciplinary and updated overview of technologies in terms of potential yields, pollutants removal, nutrients recovery and energy production.

Circular Bioeconomy: Technologies for Waste Remediation covers information about the strategies and approaches facilitating the integration of technologies for wastewater and solid waste remediation. The book highlights the models developed to valorize wastes to produce biobased products. Various chapters presented in the book put a focus on sustainability approaches as a central theme in order to facilitate industries and policymakers to adopt circular economy goals. Since the principal idea of a circular bioeconomy is to transition from a linear economy, it involves advanced technological and designing breakthroughs to reduce waste with a closed looped system.

Microbial Lipids: Processes, Products, and Innovations brings together experienced authors on microbial lipids bioproduction, introducing the reader to key aspects from lipid chemistry and biochemistry to industrial production by fungi, yeast and microalgae. Intended for professionals in industry-oriented research and development, this volume also describes lipid production using synthetic media and agroindustry residues and discusses the potential of integration of microbial lipids in biorefineries, towards a circular economy. With a market of US$ 7 billion, oils and fats are one of the most important classes of natural products, with applications in food, feed, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, biofuel, and oleo chemistry. Primary sources include plants, animals and fish. However, specialty lipids such as oils rich in omega-3 and -6 fatty acids have limited sources and productivity. Microbial oils are gaining space in the global market as green - and even vegan - alternatives to traditional sources. Microorganisms also have high productivity and metabolic plasticity which makes it promising sources of new products.

Microbial Fermentation of Biowastes summarizes new advances in the development of various strategies for enhanced microbial fermentation for organic waste conversion to bioenergy/biochemicals, and for biodegradation of plastic waste. Sections cover principles of additive strategies, multi-stage bioreactors, microbial bioaugmentation strategies, genetically engineered microorganisms, co-digestion strategies, feedstock pre-treatment strategies, enzyme technologies, and hybrid technologies methods. In addition, the book reviews progress in the conversion of common wastes to bioenergy and biochemicals via enhanced anaerobic digestion, also summarizing the significant progress achieved on enhancing anaerobic digestion via additive strategy, multi-stage bioreactor strategy, microbial bioaugmentation strategy, genetic engineering approach, and much more.

Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals: Circular Bioeconomy: Technologies for Biofuels and Biochemicals provides comprehensive information on strategies and approaches that facilitate the integration of technologies for the production of bio-based fuels, chemicals and other value-added products from wastes with waste biorefinery concepts and green strategies. The book also covers lifecycle assessment and techno-economic analyses of integrated biorefineries within a circular bioeconomy framework. As there has been continual research on new designs in production and consumerist approaches as we move towards sustainable development by scientists of various disciplines, law makers, environmental activists and industrialists, this book provides the latest details. Resources consumption and environment degradation necessitates a transition of our linear economy towards sustainable social and technical systems. As fossil resources are only projected to fulfill the needs of the population for the next couple of centuries, new tactics and standards must be created to ensure future success.

Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Technologies for Production of Nutraceuticals and Functional Food Products covers a wide range of topics related to the the microbial process for the production of high- value nutraceuticals and fermented functional foods. This reference includes the bioactive compounds derived from the foods substrate, including bioactive peptides, transformed polyphenols, oligosaccharides, prebiotics, and functional lipids. Scientific information related to the recombinant microorganisms and their role in the production of nutraceutical and functional foods are also included. The translational aspects of microbial bioprocess technologies are illustrated, by emphasizing the current requirements and future perspectives of industrial and food biotechnology. Edited by a group of experienced Eeditors and contributors, Technologies for Production of Nutraceuticals and Functional Food Productsthe book gives scientists and engineers the translational aspects of microbial processes for the development of functional foods and high- value nutraceuticals with future perspectives.

Designer Microbial Cell Factories: Metabolic Engineering and Applications, the latest release in the Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering series, provides a detailed overview of the biotechnological approaches and strategies used to generate engineered microbes and to facilitate the acceleration, modulation and diversion of metabolic pathways to get desired output such as production of value-added compound or biodegradation of xenobiotic pollutant. The book also highlights applied aspects of designer microbes in fields as diverse as agriculture, pharmaceuticals and bioremediation. Designer microbes generated through reprogramming the microbial cell factories (MCFs) provide an edge over their natural counterparts in terms of increased molecular diversity and selective chemistry. These bugs are becoming instrumental in several areas, including agriculture, environment and human health. Engineering microbes through directed evolution not only gives freedom from evolutionary constrains but also allow introduction of regulated and foreseeable functions into MCFs.

Biochemicals and Materials Production from Sustainable Biomass Resources provides a detailed overview of the experimentally developed approaches and strategies that facilitate carbon-based materials and fine chemicals derivation from biomass feedstocks with robust catalyst systems and renewed conversion routes. In addition, the book highlights theoretical methods like techno-economic analysis of biobutanol synthesis. As academia and industry are now striving to substitute fossil-based chemicals with alternative renewable resources, second-generation lignocellulosic biomass which does not depend on the food cycle has become increasingly important. Lignocellulosic biomass is composed of three major polymeric components - lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The polymers can be degraded into monomeric counterparts through selective conversion routes like hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose and of hemicellulose to xylose.