This book covers modern analog components, their characteristics, and interactions with process parameters. It serves as a comprehensive guide, addressing both the theoretical and practical aspects of modern silicon devices and the relationship between their electrical properties and processing conditions. Based on the authors' extensive experience in the development of analog devices, this book is intended for engineers and scientists in semiconductor research, development and manufacturing. The problems at the end of each chapter and the numerous charts, figures and tables also make it appropriate for use as a text in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in electrical engineering and materials science.

The drive toward new semiconductor technologies is intricately related to market demands for cheaper, smaller, faster, and more reliable circuits with lower power consumption. The development of new processing tools and technologies is aimed at optimizing one or more of these requirements. This goal can, however, only be achieved by a concerted effort between scientists, engineers, technicians, and operators in research, development, and manufac turing. It is therefore important that experts in specific disciplines, such as device and circuit design, understand the principle, capabil ities, and limitations of tools and processing technologies. It is also important that those working on specific unit processes, such as lithography or hot processes, be familiar with other unit processes used to manufacture the product. Several excellent books have been published on the subject of process technologies. These texts, however, cover subjects in too much detail, or do not cover topics important to modem tech nologies. This book is written with the need for a "bridge" between different disciplines in mind. It is intended to present to engineers and scientists those parts of modem processing technologies that are of greatest importance to the design and manufacture of semi conductor circuits. The material is presented with sufficient detail to understand and analyze interactions between processing and other semiconductor disciplines, such as design of devices and cir cuits, their electrical parameters, reliability, and yield."

There was a long felt need for this book in industrial and academic institutions. It provides new engineers, as well as practicing engineers and advanced laboratory personnel in the field of semiconductors a clear and thorough discussion of state-of-the-art silicon devices, without resorting to the complexity of higher mathematics and physics. This difficult task was made possible by detailing the explanation of equations that describe the device operation and characteristics without endeavoring their full derivation. This is reinforced by several problems which reflect practical cases observed in the laboratory. The problems are given after introducing a major equation or concept. They are arranged in the order of the text rather than in the order of difficulty. The answers to most of the problems are given in order to enable the student to "self-check" the method used for the solutions. The illustrations may prove to be of great help to "newcomers" when dealing with the characterization of real devices and relating the measured data to device physics and process parameters. The new engineer will find the book equivalent to "on the job training" and acquire a working knowledge of the fundamental principles underlying silicon devices. For the engineer with theoretical background, it offers a means for direct application of solid state theory to device analysis and synthesis. The book originated from a set of notes developed for an in-house one-year course in Device Physics, Technology and Characterization at IBM.

Silicon Devices and Process Integration covers state-of-the-art silicon devices, their characteristics, and their interactions with process parameters. It serves as a comprehensive guide which addresses both the theoretical and practical aspects of modern silicon devices and the relationship between their electrical properties and processing conditions. The book is compiled from the author's industrial and academic lecture notes and reflects years of experience in the development of silicon devices.

Features include:

• A review of silicon properties which provides a foundation for understanding the device properties discussion, including mobility-enhancement by straining silicon;
• State-of-the-art technologies on high-K gate dielectrics, low-K dielectrics, Cu interconnects, and SiGe BiCMOS;
• CMOS-only applications, such as subthreshold current and parasitic latch-up;
• Advanced Enabling processes and process integration.

This book is written for engineers and scientists in semiconductor research, development and manufacturing. The problems at the end of each chapter and the numerous charts, figures and tables also make it appropriate for use as a text in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in electrical engineering and materials science.

Silicon Devices and Process Integration covers state-of-the-art silicon devices, their characteristics, and their interactions with process parameters. It serves as a comprehensive guide which addresses both the theoretical and practical aspects of modern silicon devices and the relationship between their electrical properties and processing conditions. The book is compiled from the author's industrial and academic lecture notes and reflects years of experience in the development of silicon devices. Features include: A review of silicon properties which provides a foundation for understanding the device properties discussion, including mobility-enhancement by straining silicon; State-of-the-art technologies on high-K gate dielectrics, low-K dielectrics, Cu interconnects, and SiGe BiCMOS; CMOS-only applications, such as subthreshold current and parasitic latch-up; Advanced Enabling processes and process integration. This book is written for engineers and scientists in semiconductor research, development and manufacturing. The problems at the end of each chapter and the numerous charts, figures and tables also make it appropriate for use as a text in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in electrical engineering and materials science.

The drive toward new semiconductor technologies is intricately related to market demands for cheaper, smaller, faster and more reliable circuits with lower power consumption. The development of new processing tools and technologies aims at optimizing one or more of these requirements. This goal, however, can only be achieved by a concerted effort between scientists, engineers, technicians, and operators in research, development, and manufacturing. It is thus important that experts in specific disciplines, such as device and circuit design, understand the principle, capabilities, and limitations of tools and processing technologies. It is also important that those working on specific unit processes, such as lithography or hot processes, be familiar with other unit processes used to manufacture the product. Fundamentals of Semiconductor Processing Technologies is written to bridge different disciplines. It presents to engineers and scientists those parts of modern processing technologies that are of greatest importance to the design and manufacture of semiconductor circuits. The material is presented with sufficient detail to understand and analyze interactions between processing and other semiconductor disciplines, such as design of devices and circuits, their electrical parameters, reliability, and yield. Fundamentals of Semiconductor Processing Technologies serves as a base on which to build an understanding of the manufacture of semiconductor products. It is written in a form to satisfy the needs of engineers and scientists in semiconductor research, development and manufacturing, and to be conveniently used for a one-semester graduate-level course in semiconductor engineering ormaterials science curriculum.

There was a long felt need for this book in industrial and academic institutions. It provides new engineers, as well as practicing engineers and advanced laboratory personnel in the field of semiconductors a clear and thorough discussion of state-of-the-art silicon devices, without resorting to the complexity of higher mathematics and physics. This difficult task was made possible by detailing the explanation of equations that describe the device operation and characteristics without endeavoring their full derivation. This is reinforced by several problems which reflect practical cases observed in the laboratory. The problems are given after introducing a major equation or concept. They are arranged in the order of the text rather than in the order of difficulty. The answers to most of the problems are given in order to enable the student to "self-check" the method used for the solutions. The illustrations may prove to be of great help to "newcomers" when dealing with the characterization of real devices and relating the measured data to device physics and process parameters. The new engineer will find the book equivalent to "on the job training" and acquire a working knowledge of the fundamental principles underlying silicon devices. For the engineer with theoretical background, it offers a means for direct application of solid state theory to device analysis and synthesis. The book originated from a set of notes developed for an in-house one-year course in Device Physics, Technology and Characterization at IBM.

This book covers modern analog components, their characteristics, and interactions with process parameters. It serves as a comprehensive guide, addressing both the theoretical and practical aspects of modern silicon devices and the relationship between their electrical properties and processing conditions. Based on the authors' extensive experience in the development of analog devices, this book is intended for engineers and scientists in semiconductor research, development and manufacturing. The problems at the end of each chapter and the numerous charts, figures and tables also make it appropriate for use as a text in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in electrical engineering and materials science. Enables engineers to understand analog device physics, and discusses important relations between process integration, device design, component characteristics, and reliability; Describes in step-by-step fashion the components that are used in analog designs, the particular characteristics of analog components, while comparing them to digital applications; Explains the second-order effects in analog devices, and trade-offs between these effects when designing components and developing an integrated process for their manufacturing.

This book covers modern analog components, their characteristics, and interactions with process parameters. It serves as a comprehensive guide, addressing both the theoretical and practical aspects of modern silicon devices and the relationship between their electrical properties and processing conditions. Based on the authors' extensive experience in the development of analog devices, this book is intended for engineers and scientists in semiconductor research, development and manufacturing. The problems at the end of each chapter and the numerous charts, figures and tables also make it appropriate for use as a text in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in electrical engineering and materials science. Enables engineers to understand analog device physics, and discusses important relations between process integration, device design, component characteristics, and reliability; Describes in step-by-step fashion the components that are used in analog designs, the particular characteristics of analog components, while comparing them to digital applications; Explains the second-order effects in analog devices, and trade-offs between these effects when designing components and developing an integrated process for their manufacturing.