This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license. This volume presents several case studies highlighting the latest findings in Industry 4.0 projects utilizing S-BPM features. Their potential is explored in detail, while the limits of engineering a company from a communication-centred perspective are also discussed. After a general introduction and an overview of the book in chapter 1, chapter 2 starts by condensing the industrial challenges driven by the German "Industry 4.0" trend to form a concrete vision for future production industries. Subsequently, chapter 3 introduces the basic concepts of S-BPM and its capabilities, in particular for supporting the restructuring of processes. The next three chapters then present various case studies, e.g. at an SME offering the production of atypical, unique and special purpose machinery, equipment and technologically complex units particularly useful in the automotive and electronic industries; and at a further SME producing highly-customized floor cleaning machines. Rounding out the coverage, the last two chapters summarize the achievements and lessons learned with regard to the road ahead. Overall, the book provides a realistic portrait of the status quo based on current findings, and outlines the future activities to be pursued in order to establish stakeholder-centred digital production systems. As such, developers, educators, and practitioners will find both the conceptual background and results from the field reflecting the state-of-the-art in vertical and horizontal process integration.

Activities performed in organizations are coordinated via communication

between the people involved. The sentences used to communicate are naturally structured by subject, verb, and object. The subject describes the actor, the verb the action and the object what is affected by the action. Subject-oriented Business Process Management (S-BPM) as presented in this book is based on this simple structure which enables process-oriented thinking and process modeling.

S-BPM puts the subject of a process at the center of attention and thus

deals with business processes and their organizational environment from a new perspective, meeting organizational requirements in a much better way than traditional approaches. Subjects represent agents of an action in a process, which can be either technical or human (e.g. a thread in an IT system or a clerk). A process structures the actions of each subject and coordinates the required communication among the subjects. S-BPM provides a coherent procedural framework to model and analyze business processes: its focus is the cooperation of all stakeholders involved in the strategic, tactical, and operational issues, sharing their knowledge in a networked structure.

The authors illustrate how each modeling activity through the whole development lifecycle can be supported through the use of appropriate software tools. The presentation style focuses on professionals in industry, and on students specializing in process management or organizational modeling. Each chapter begins with a summary of key findings and is full of examples, hints, and possible pitfalls. An interpreter model, a toolbox, and a glossary summarizing the main terms complete the book. The web site www.i2pm.net provides additional software tools and further material."

This open access book presents an overview and step-by-step explanation of process management. It starts with the individual participants' perspectives on their work in a process and its structuring and harmonization, and then moves on to its specification in a model and how it is embedded in the organizational and IT environment of the company. Lastly, the book examines the joint processing of instances in the resulting socio-technical systems. A corresponding illustration, which expands with the overview, enables readers to gain a comprehensive understanding of business process management. The book presents various facets of business process management from the perspective of the participants, and introduces a selection of models that have proved useful in practice. The design of such models supports the transition from a more-or-less unstructured or unsatisfactory way of working to a structured process that corresponds to the ideas of the company and its customers. The book is intended for professionals in industry as well as students in the field of business information systems who are looking for guidelines on how to discover, create and implement real-world processes.

This is the first book to present field studies on the application of subject-oriented business process management (S-BPM). Each case presents a specific story and focuses on an essential modeling or implementation issue, and most end with implications or suggestions for further studies. Significant variables and success factors are identified that were discovered during the respective study and lead to suggesting S-BPM novelties. For each case, the authors explain step-by-step how the story develops, and provide readers guidance by detailing the respective rationale. The studies covered are clustered according to three main S-BPM themes: Part I "Business Operation Support" documents approaches to the practical development of S-BPM solutions in various application domains and organizational settings, while Part II "Consultancy and Education Support" highlights cases that can help to train readers in S-BPM modeling and knowledge acquisition for S-BPM lifecycle iterations. It also refers to architecting S-BPM solutions for application cases based on hands-on experience. Part III "Technical Execution Support" focuses on concepts for utilizing specific theories and technologies to execute S-BPM models. It also addresses how to create reference models for certain settings in the field. Lastly, the appendix covers all relevant aspects needed to grasp S-BPM modeling and apply it based on fundamental examples. Its format reconciles semantic precision with syntactic rigor.>Addressing the needs of developers, educators and practitioners, this book will help companies to learn from the experiences of first-time users and to develop systems that fit their business processes, explaining the latest key methodological and technological S-BPM developments in the fields of training, research and application.

Combining theory, methodology and tools, this open access book illustrates how to guide innovation in today's digitized business environment. Highlighting the importance of human knowledge and experience in implementing business processes, the authors take a conceptual perspective to explore the challenges and issues currently facing organizations. Subsequent chapters put these concepts into practice, discussing instruments that can be used to support the articulation and alignment of knowledge within work processes. A timely and comprehensive set of tools and case studies, this book is essential reading for those researching innovation and digitization, organization and business strategy.

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license. This volume presents several case studies highlighting the latest findings in Industry 4.0 projects utilizing S-BPM features. Their potential is explored in detail, while the limits of engineering a company from a communication-centred perspective are also discussed. After a general introduction and an overview of the book in chapter 1, chapter 2 starts by condensing the industrial challenges driven by the German "Industry 4.0" trend to form a concrete vision for future production industries. Subsequently, chapter 3 introduces the basic concepts of S-BPM and its capabilities, in particular for supporting the restructuring of processes. The next three chapters then present various case studies, e.g. at an SME offering the production of atypical, unique and special purpose machinery, equipment and technologically complex units particularly useful in the automotive and electronic industries; and at a further SME producing highly-customized floor cleaning machines. Rounding out the coverage, the last two chapters summarize the achievements and lessons learned with regard to the road ahead. Overall, the book provides a realistic portrait of the status quo based on current findings, and outlines the future activities to be pursued in order to establish stakeholder-centred digital production systems. As such, developers, educators, and practitioners will find both the conceptual background and results from the field reflecting the state-of-the-art in vertical and horizontal process integration.

This is the first book to present field studies on the application of subject-oriented business process management (S-BPM). Each case presents a specific story and focuses on an essential modeling or implementation issue, and most end with implications or suggestions for further studies. Significant variables and success factors are identified that were discovered during the respective study and lead to suggesting S-BPM novelties. For each case, the authors explain step-by-step how the story develops, and provide readers guidance by detailing the respective rationale. The studies covered are clustered according to three main S-BPM themes: Part I “Business Operation Support� documents approaches to the practical development of S-BPM solutions in various application domains and organizational settings, while Part II “Consultancy and Education Support� highlights cases that can help to train readers in S-BPM modeling and knowledge acquisition for S-BPM lifecycle iterations. It also refers to architecting S-BPM solutions for application cases based on hands-on experience. Part III “Technical Execution Support� focuses on concepts for utilizing specific theories and technologies to execute S-BPM models. It also addresses how to create reference models for certain settings in the field. Lastly, the appendix covers all relevant aspects needed to grasp S-BPM modeling and apply it based on fundamental examples. Its format reconciles semantic precision with syntactic rigor.>Addressing the needs of developers, educators and practitioners, this book will help companies to learn from the experiences of first-time users and to develop systems that fit their business processes, explaining the latest key methodological and technological S-BPM developments in the fields of training, research and application.

Activities performed in organizations are coordinated via communication between the people involved. The sentences used to communicate are naturally structured by subject, verb, and object. The subject describes the actor, the verb the action and the object what is affected by the action. Subject-oriented Business Process Management (S-BPM) as presented in this book is based on this simple structure which enables process-oriented thinking and process modeling. S-BPM puts the subject of a process at the center of attention and thus deals with business processes and their organizational environment from a new perspective, meeting organizational requirements in a much better way than traditional approaches. Subjects represent agents of an action in a process, which can be either technical or human (e.g. a thread in an IT system or a clerk). A process structures the actions of each subject and coordinates the required communication among the subjects. S-BPM provides a coherent procedural framework to model and analyze business processes: its focus is the cooperation of all stakeholders involved in the strategic, tactical, and operational issues, sharing their knowledge in a networked structure. The authors illustrate how each modeling activity through the whole development lifecycle can be supported through the use of appropriate software tools. The presentation style focuses on professionals in industry, and on students specializing in process management or organizational modeling. Each chapter begins with a summary of key findings and is full of examples, hints, and possible pitfalls. An interpreter model, a toolbox, and a glossary summarizing the main terms complete the book. The web site www.i2pm.net provides additional software tools and further material.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed scientific proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Subject-Oriented Business Process Management, S-BPM ONE 2012, held in Vienna, Austria, in April 2012. The 12 papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 36 submissions and are completed by one invited keynote paper and a summary of the tutorial onsubject-oriented business process management. S-BPM as a discipline is characterized by a seamless approach toward the analysis, modeling, implementation, execution, and maintenance of business processes, with an explicit stakeholder focus. This year's contributions address all life-cycle activities, in particular analyzing business objectives, subject behavior design and integration, and automating complex work procedures.

The 8th ERCIM Workshop "User Interfaces for All" was held in Vienna, Austria, on 28-29 June 2004, building upon the results of the seven previous workshops held in Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 30-31 October 1995; Prague, Czech Republic, 7-8 Nov- ber 1996; Obernai, France, 3-4 November 1997; Stockholm, Sweden, 19-21 October 1998; Dagstuhl, Germany, 28 November - 1 December 1999; Florence, Italy, 25-26 October 2000; and Paris (Chantilly), France, 24-25 October 2002. The concept of "User Interfaces for All" targets a proactive realization of the "- signforall"principleinthe?eldofhuman-computerinteraction(HCI),andinvolvesthe developmentof user interfaces to interactiveapplicationsand e-services, which provide universalaccess andusabilityto potentiallyall users. In thetraditionofits predecessors, the 8th ERCIM Workshop "User Interfaces for All" aimed to consolidate recent work and to stimulate further discussion on the state of the art in "User Interfaces for All" and its increasing range of applications in the upcoming Information Society. The emphasis of the 2004 event was on "User-Centered Interaction Paradigms for Universal Access in the Information Society. " The requirement for user-centered u- versal access stems from the growing impact of the fusion of the emerging techno- gies and from the different dimensions of diversity that are intrinsic to the Information Society. These dimensions become evident when considering the broad range of user characteristics, the changing nature of human activities, the variety of contexts of use, the increasing availability and diversi?cation of information, knowledge sources and e-services, the proliferation of technological platforms, etc.

This open access book aims at deepening the understanding of the relation between cyber-physical systems (CPSs) as socio-technical systems and their digital representations with intertwined artificial intelligence (AI). The authors describe why it is crucial for digital selves to be able to develop emotional behavior and why a humanity-inspired AI is necessary so that humans and humanoids can coexist. The introductory chapter describes major milestones in computer science which form the basis for the implementation of digital twins and digital selves. The subsequent Part I then lays the foundation to develop a socio-technical understanding of the nature of digital twins as representations and trans-human development objects. Following the conceptual understanding of digital twins and how they could be engineered according to cognitive and organizational structures, Part II forms the groundwork for understanding social behavior and its modeling. It discusses various perception-based socio-emotional approaches before sketching behavior-relevant models and their simulation capabilities. In particular, it is shown how emotions can substantially influence the collective behavior of artificial actors. Part III eventually presents a symbiosis showing under which preconditions digital selves might construct and produce digital twins as integrated design elements in trans-human ecosystems. The chapters in this part are dedicated to opportunities and modes of co-creating reflective socio-trans-human systems based on digital twin models, exploring mutual control and continuous development. The final epilog is congenitally speculative in its nature by presenting thoughts on future developments of artificial life in computational substrates. The book is written for researchers and professionals in areas like cyber-physical systems, robotics, social simulation or systems engineering, interested to take a speculative look into the future of digital twins and autonomous agents. It also touches upon philosophical aspects of digital twins, digital selves and humanoids.

This open access book presents an overview and step-by-step explanation of process management. It starts with the individual participants' perspectives on their work in a process and its structuring and harmonization, and then moves on to its specification in a model and how it is embedded in the organizational and IT environment of the company. Lastly, the book examines the joint processing of instances in the resulting socio-technical systems. A corresponding illustration, which expands with the overview, enables readers to gain a comprehensive understanding of business process management. The book presents various facets of business process management from the perspective of the participants, and introduces a selection of models that have proved useful in practice. The design of such models supports the transition from a more-or-less unstructured or unsatisfactory way of working to a structured process that corresponds to the ideas of the company and its customers. The book is intended for professionals in industry as well as students in the field of business information systems who are looking for guidelines on how to discover, create and implement real-world processes.

Combining theory, methodology and tools, this open access book illustrates how to guide innovation in today's digitized business environment. Highlighting the importance of human knowledge and experience in implementing business processes, the authors take a conceptual perspective to explore the challenges and issues currently facing organizations. Subsequent chapters put these concepts into practice, discussing instruments that can be used to support the articulation and alignment of knowledge within work processes. A timely and comprehensive set of tools and case studies, this book is essential reading for those researching innovation and digitization, organization and business strategy.

Die Akzeptanz und damit der Erfolg interaktiver Systeme (Software und Hardware zur gemeinsamen Bewaltigung von Aufgaben durch Mensch und Computer) werden groesstenteils von ihrer Benutzungsschnittstelle bestimmt. Daher zahlen Benutzungs- schnittstellen heute zu intensiv beforschten Systemkomponenten. Die Gestaltung interaktiver Systeme wird nicht nur von Software und Hardware an der Schnitt- stelle dominiert. Vielmehr erfordert sie von Entwicklern umfassendes Wissen uber Mensch-Maschine Kommunikation, d.h. Wissen uber die Benutzer und ihre Tatig- keiten sowie uber Interaktionskonzepte, welche Hard- und Software integrieren. Das vorliegende Buch soll theoretische, methodologische und praktische Grund- lagen fur die Entwicklung und Bewertung interaktiver Systeme vermitteln. Zum einen ist hierzu Bewusstseinsbildung bezuglich der wissenschaftlichen Breite des Gebietes notwendig, welche durch die vielen beteiligten Disziplinen bedingt wird. Zum anderen bedarf die Komplexitat des Entwicklungsprozesses, welche durch das wechselweise Zusammenspiel mehrerer Systemkomponenten (Benutzer, Aufgaben, Hardware, Software) bedingt wird, vertieften Wissens zur Hard- und Software- Gestaltung sowie Wissens um menschliche Fahigkeiten. Da dieses Wissen unter- schiedlich strukturiert vorliegt, muss eine methodische Integration im Rahmen ganz- heitlicher Entwicklung vorgenommen werden.

Das Buch enthalt zahlreiche Beispiele virtuellen Lernens zur professionellen Weiterbildung von Lehrerinnen und Lehrern. Es dokumentiert europaische Projekte und deren Ergebnisse zu den aktuellen Moglichkeiten der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerweiterbildung via eLearning."

Das Buch reflektiert die Erkenntnisse reformpadagogischer Ansatze und unternimmt den Bruckenschlag zu aktuellen Lerntechnologien. Das Werk ermuntert Lehrende und Lernende zur Offenheit und einer Haltung des Ausprobierens und Erkundens, die ihnen auch ermoglichen, Effekte eigener Handlungen zu verfolgen und zu reflektieren. Die Autoren wollen zu Agilitat anregen, die dem Wunsch nach tiefer Erkenntnis entspricht und dem Gedanken selbst bestimmter Weiterentwicklung von Individuen Rechnung tragt."

Simone Heftberger und Christian Stary zeigen, wie partizipative organisationale Lerntheorien mit prozessbasierter Wissensmanagement-Technik effektiv implementiert werden konnen. So wird organisationales Lernen zum wechselseitigen, auf die wesentlichen Unternehmensgegenstande und Geschaftsprozesse fokussierten Diskurs."

Die Akzeptanz und damit der Erfolg interaktiver Systeme (Software und Hardware zur gemeinsamen Bewaltigung von Aufgaben durch Mensch und Computer) wer- den grofitenteils von ihrer Benutzerschnittstelle bestimmt. Daher ziihlen Benutzer- schnittstellen heute zu intensiv beforschten Systemkomponenten. Die Gestaltung interaktiver Systeme wird nicht nur von Software und Hardware an der Schnitt- stelle dominiert. Vielmehr erfordert sie von Entwicklern umfassendes Wissen iiber Mensch-Maschine Kommunikation, d.h. Wissen iiber die Benutzer und ihre Tatig- keiten sowie iiber Interaktionskonzepte, welche Hard- und Software integrieren. Das vorliegende Buch solI theoretische, methodologische und praktische Grund- lagen fUr die Entwicklung und Bewertung interaktiver Systeme vermitteln. Zum einen ist hierzu Bewufitseinsbildung beziiglich der wissenschaftlichen Breite des Gebietes notwendig, welche durch die vielen beteiligten Disziplinen bedingt wird. Zum anderen bedarf die Komplexitat des Entwicklungsprozesses, welche durch das wechselweise Zusammenspiel mehrerer Systemkomponenten (Benutzer, Aufgaben, Hardware, Software) bedingt wird, vertieften Wissens zur Hard- und Softwarege- staltung sowie Wissens urn menschliche Fahigkeiten. Da dieses Wissen unterschied- lich strukturiert vorliegt, mufi eine methodische Integration im Rahmen ganzheit- licher Entwicklung vorgenOmmen werden.

Designing Healthcare That Works: A Sociotechnical Approach takes up the pragmatic, messy problems of designing and implementing sociotechnical solutions which integrate organizational and technical systems for the benefit of human health. The book helps practitioners apply principles of sociotechnical design in healthcare and consider the adoption of new theories of change. As practitioners need new processes and tools to create a more systematic alignment between technical mechanisms and social structures in healthcare, the book helps readers recognize the requirements of this alignment. The systematic understanding developed within the book's case studies includes new ways of designing and adopting sociotechnical systems in healthcare. For example, helping practitioners examine the role of exogenous factors, like CMS Systems in the U.S. Or, more globally, helping practitioners consider systems external to the boundaries drawn around a particular healthcare IT system is one key to understand the design challenge. Written by scholars in the realm of sociotechnical systems research, the book is a valuable source for medical informatics professionals, software designers and any healthcare providers who are interested in making changes in the design of the systems.

In diesem Open-Access-Buch wird das Geschaftsprozessmanagement als ein ganzheitlicher Prozess begriffen, der der Mitwirkung aller Stakeholder bedarf. Denn das traditionelle Business Process Engineering stoesst heute angesichts der Digitalisierung und der dynamischen Entwicklung von Organisationen immer mehr an seine Grenzen, beispielsweise bezuglich Agilitat. Um nun das Wesen von Aufgaben und Ablaufen in Organisationen zu erfassen, schlagen die Autoren einen Perspektivwechsel vor: das Denken in Kommunikationsprozessen. Dieses Konzept lasst sich wirtschaftlich, organisatorisch und technisch ohne einschlagige Vorkenntnisse umsetzen. Leserinnen und Leser finden in dem Buch konkrete Handlungsanleitungen fur die Digitalisierung von organisationsrelevanten Ablaufen. Daneben liefern die Autoren Einblicke in die Systemtheorie und in das Design Thinking. Ihr Ziel ist, Konzepte einfach und verstandlich zu erlautern, ohne dabei komplexe Zusammenhange zu vernachlassigen. Dank ausfuhrlicher Konzeptdarstellung und Ausfluge in die Theorie mit Beispielen aus der Praxis, eignet es sich fur Studierende und fur Wissenschaftler genauso wie fur Praktiker. Entwickler und andere Fachkrafte aus den Bereichen Operatives Management, Geschaftsprozessmanagement, Organisationsentwicklung, Qualitatsmanagement, Wissensmanagement werden sich von der UEbersichtlichkeit und dem Nutzwert angesprochen fuhlen.