A provocative history of how corporate titans in the 1920s used a massive public relations campaign to transform public opinion on big business. In the early twentieth century, as Americans erupted in righteous indignation over the flagrant abuses of big business, utility executives faced a crisis of existential proportions. With calls for strict regulation or outright government ownership of utilities, how could streetcar, electricity, and telephone executives thwart municipal ownership, rein in regulation, and secure huge profits? In the early twentieth century, as Americans erupted in righteous indignation over the flagrant abuses of big business, utility executives faced an existential crisis. With calls for strict regulation or outright government ownership of utilities, how could streetcar, electricity, and telephone executives thwart municipal ownership, rein in regulation, and secure huge profits? In Courteous Capitalism, Daniel Robert reveals how utility executives answered this question by launching the largest nongovernmental public relations campaign the nation had ever seen. In part, this campaign encouraged managers to compel their clerks to exude "courtesy," "sunshine," and "patience" toward customers. Rather than bribe the few, executives would convert the many using a combination of emotional labor and improved customer service. At the same time, executives organized the widespread manipulation of the press, schools, radio, and movies. At once a labor history of clerks and a social history of consumers, Courteous Capitalism offers an intriguing new argument for why a major reform goal of Progressives faded and why Americans changed their minds regarding corporate monopolies.

Liverpool Sectarianism: the rise and demise is a fascinating study that considers the causes and effects of sectarianism in Liverpool, how and why sectarian tensions subsided in the city and what sectarianism was in a Liverpool context, as well as offering a definition of the term 'sectarianism' itself. By positioning Liverpool amongst other 'sectarian cities' in Britain, specifically Belfast and Glasgow, this book considers the social, political, theological, and ethnic chasm which gripped Liverpool for the best part of two centuries, building upon what has already been written in terms of the origins and development of sectarianism, but also adds new dimensions through original research and interviews. In doing, the author challenges some longstanding perceptions about the nature of Liverpool sectarianism; most notably, in its denial of the supposed association between football and sectarianism in the city. The book then assesses why sectarianism, having been so central to Liverpool life, began to fade, exploring several explanations such as secularism, slum clearance, cultural change, as well as displacement by other pastimes, notably football. In analysing the validity of these explanations, key figures in the Orange Order and the Catholic Church offer their viewpoints. Each chapter examines a different dimension of Liverpool's divided past. Topics which feature prominently in the book are Irish immigration, Orangeism, religion, politics, racism, football, and the advance of the city's contemporary character, specifically, the development and significance of 'Scouse'. Ultimately, the book demonstrates how and why two competing identities (Irish Catholic and Lancastrian Protestant) developed into one overarching Scouse identity, which transcended seemingly insurmountable sectarian fault lines.

Neoliberalism took shape in the 1930s and 1940s as a transnational political philosophy and system of economic, political, and cultural relations. Resting on the fundamental premise that the free market should be unfettered by government intrusion, neoliberal policies have primarily redirected the state's prerogatives away from the postwar Keynesian welfare system and toward the insulation of finance and corporate America from democratic pressure. As neoliberal ideas gained political currency in the 1960s and 1970s, a reactionary cultural turn catalyzed their ascension. The cinema, music, magazine culture, and current events discourse of the 1970s provided the space of negotiation permitting these ideas to take hold and be challenged. Daniel Robert McClure's book follows the interaction between culture and economics during the transition from Keynesianism in the mid-1960s to the triumph of neoliberalism at the dawn of the 1980s. From the 1965 debate between William F. Buckley and James Baldwin, through the pages of BusinessWeek and Playboy, to the rise of exploitation cinema in the 1970s, McClure tracks the increasingly shared perception by white males that they had "lost" their long-standing rights and that a great neoliberal reckoning might restore America's repressive racial, sexual, gendered, and classed foundations in the wake of the 1960s.

A prequel to the 2008 British gangster film 'Jack Says', this instalment - which is also based on the comic series by Paul Tanter - details the circumstances leading up to the events of the earlier film. Simon Phillips reprises his role as Jack, an undercover police officer infiltrating one of London's most notorious gangs, who is drawn into a power struggle between rival gangs while also dealing with the ruthless gang boss (David O'Hara) and his psychotic daughter Natasha (Rebecca Keatley).

Liverpool Sectarianism: the rise and demise is a fascinating study that considers the causes and effects of sectarianism in Liverpool, how and why sectarian tensions subsided in the city and what sectarianism was in a Liverpool context, as well as offering a definition of the term 'sectarianism' itself. By positioning Liverpool amongst other 'sectarian cities' in Britain, specifically Belfast and Glasgow, this book considers the social, political, theological, and ethnic chasm which gripped Liverpool for the best part of two centuries, building upon what has already been written in terms of the origins and development of sectarianism, but also adds new dimensions through original research and interviews. In doing, the author challenges some longstanding perceptions about the nature of Liverpool sectarianism; most notably, in its denial of the supposed association between football and sectarianism in the city. The book then assesses why sectarianism, having been so central to Liverpool life, began to fade, exploring several explanations such as secularism, slum clearance, cultural change, as well as displacement by other pastimes, notably football. In analysing the validity of these explanations, key figures in the Orange Order and the Catholic Church offer their viewpoints. Each chapter examines a different dimension of Liverpool's divided past. Topics which feature prominently in the book are Irish immigration, Orangeism, religion, politics, racism, football, and the advance of the city's contemporary character, specifically, the development and significance of 'Scouse'. Ultimately, the book demonstrates how and why two competing identities (Irish Catholic and Lancastrian Protestant) developed into one overarching Scouse identity, which transcended seemingly insurmountable sectarian fault lines.

This edition of Robert Southey's early poetry seeks to restore Southey the poet to his place at the centre of late 18th and early 19th century British literary culture. This collection of his poetical works critically reassesses Southey's epics and romances.

This edition of Robert Southey's early poetry seeks to restore Southey the poet to his place at the centre of late 18th and early 19th century British literary culture. This collection of his poetical works critically reassesses Southey's epics and romances.

This edition of Robert Southey's early poetry seeks to restore Southey the poet to his place at the centre of late 18th and early 19th century British literary culture. This collection of his poetical works critically reassesses Southey's epics and romances.

This edition of Robert Southey's early poetry seeks to restore Southey the poet to his place at the centre of late 18th and early 19th century British literary culture. This collection of his poetical works critically reassesses Southey's epics and romances.

This edition of Robert Southey's early poetry seeks to restore Southey the poet to his place at the centre of late 18th and early 19th century British literary culture. This collection of his poetical works critically reassesses Southey's epics and romances.

This book examines the post-1960s era of popular music in the Anglo-Black Atlantic through the prism of historical theory and methods. By using a series of case studies, this book mobilizes historical theory and methods to underline different expressions of alternative music functioning within a mainstream musical industry. Each chapter highlights a particular theory or method while simultaneously weaving it through a genre of music expressing a notion of alternativity-an explicit positioning of one's expression outside and counter to the mainstream. Historical Theory and Methods through Popular Music seeks to fill a gap in current scholarship by offering a collection written specifically for the pedagogical and theoretical needs of those interested in the topic.

Gas phase molecular spectroscopy is a powerful tool for obtaining information on the geometry and internal structure of isolated molecules as well as on the interactions that they undergo. It enables the study of fundamental parameters and processes and is also used for the sounding of gas media through optical techniques. It has been facing always renewed challenges, due to the considerable improvement of experimental techniques and the increasing demand for accuracy and scope of remote sensing applications.
In practice, the radiating molecule is usually not isolated but diluted in a mixture at significant total pressure. The collisions among the molecules composing the gas can have a large influence on the spectral shape, affecting all wavelength regions through various mechanisms. These must be taken into account for the correct analysis and prediction of the resulting spectra.
This book reviews our current experimental and theoretical knowledge and the practical consequences of collisional effects on molecular spectral shapes in neutral gases. General expressions are first given. They are formal of difficult use for practical calculations often but enable discussion of the approximations leading to simplified situations. The first case examined is that of isolated transitions, with the usual pressure broadening and shifting but also refined effects due to speed dependence and collision-induced velocity changes. Collisional line-mixing, which invalidates the notion of isolated transitions and has spectral consequences when lines are closely spaced, is then discussed within the impact approximation. Regions where the contributions of many distant lines overlap, such as troughsbetween transitions and band wings, are considered next. For a description of these far wings the finite duration of collisions and concomitant breakdown of the impact approximation must be taken into account. Finally, for long paths or elevated pressures, the dipole or polarizability induced by intermolecular interactions can make significant contributions. Specific models for the description of these collision induced absorption and light scattering processes are presented.
The above mentioned topics are reviewed and discussed from a threefold point of view: the various models, the available data, and the consequences for applications including heat transfer, remote sensing and optical sounding. The extensive bibliography and discussion of some remaining problems complete the text.
- State of the art on the subject
- A bibliography of nearly 1000 references
- Tools for practical calculations
- Consequences for other scientific fields
- Numerous illustrative examples
- Fulfilling a need since there is no equivalent monograph on the subject

Gas phase molecular spectroscopy is a powerful tool for obtaining information on the geometry and internal structure of isolated molecules and their interactions with others. It enables the understanding and description, through measurements and modeling, of the influence of pressure on light absorption, emission, and scattering by gas molecules, which must be taken into account for the correct analysis and prediction of the resulting spectra. Collisional Effects on Molecular Spectra: Laboratory Experiments and Models, Consequences for Applications, Second Edition provides an updated review of current experimental techniques, theoretical knowledge, and practical applications. After an introduction to collisional effects on molecular spectra, the book moves on by taking a threefold approach: it highlights key models, reviews available data, and discusses the consequences for applications. These include areas such as heat transfer, remote sensing, optical sounding, metrology, probing of gas media, and climate predictions. This second edition also contains, with respect to the first one, significant amounts of new information, including 23 figures, 8 tables, and around 700 references. Drawing on the extensive experience of its expert authors, Collisional Effects on Molecular Spectra: Laboratory Experiments and Models, Consequences for Applications, Second Edition, is a valuable guide for all those involved with sourcing, researching, interpreting, or applying gas phase molecular spectroscopy techniques across a range of fields.

Neoliberalism took shape in the 1930s and 1940s as a transnational political philosophy and system of economic, political, and cultural relations. Resting on the fundamental premise that the free market should be unfettered by government intrusion, neoliberal policies have primarily redirected the state's prerogatives away from the postwar Keynesian welfare system and toward the insulation of finance and corporate America from democratic pressure. As neoliberal ideas gained political currency in the 1960s and 1970s, a reactionary cultural turn catalyzed their ascension. The cinema, music, magazine culture, and current events discourse of the 1970s provided the space of negotiation permitting these ideas to take hold and be challenged. Daniel Robert McClure's book follows the interaction between culture and economics during the transition from Keynesianism in the mid-1960s to the triumph of neoliberalism at the dawn of the 1980s. From the 1965 debate between William F. Buckley and James Baldwin, through the pages of BusinessWeek and Playboy, to the rise of exploitation cinema in the 1970s, McClure tracks the increasingly shared perception by white males that they had "lost" their long-standing rights and that a great neoliberal reckoning might restore America's repressive racial, sexual, gendered, and classed foundations in the wake of the 1960s.

Investigating the correspondence between systems of partial differential equations and their analytic solutions using a formal approach, this monograph presents algorithms to determine the set of analytic solutions of such a system and conversely to find differential equations whose set of solutions coincides with a given parametrized set of analytic functions. After giving a detailed introduction to Janet bases and Thomas decomposition, the problem of finding an implicit description of certain sets of analytic functions in terms of differential equations is addressed. Effective methods of varying generality are developed to solve the differential elimination problems that arise in this context. In particular, it is demonstrated how the symbolic solution of partial differential equations profits from the study of the implicitization problem. For instance, certain families of exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations can be computed.

Since the passage of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) regulating of the maintenance and dissemination of educational records, educators have struggled to meet federal compliance requirements while operating in the daily realities of public schools. Such practices as determining whether a child's cumulative file could be accessed, by whom, and for what purposes suddenly became a matter of federal law. Legal compliance became more elusive in the late 1990's and in the first decade of the twenty-first century with the fracturing of the "family," the passage of other state and federal laws regulating records security, and through computer technology posing unique security challenges to record integrity and maintenance. Until now, educators lacked a single volume resource for directly and confidently answering their questions. In Educational Records, Murphy and Dishman provide educators with a readily accessible, jargon-free source for legal questions concerning educational records. The book's question-and-answer format, as well as its analysis of court opinions and opinion letters of the United States Department of Education's Family Policy Compliance Office, provides educators with the resource they need to quickly and authoritatively address records issues.

The GOES-R Series: A New Generation of Geostationary Environmental Satellites introduces the reader to the most significant advance in weather technology in a generation. The world's new constellation of geostationary operational environmental satellites (GOES) are in the midst of a drastic revolution with their greatly improved capabilities that provide orders of magnitude improvements in spatial, temporal and spectral resolution. Never before have routine observations been possible over such a wide area. Imagine satellite images over the full disk every 10 or 15 minutes and monitoring of severe storms, cyclones, fires and volcanic eruptions on the scale of minutes.

I would like to extend my thanks to Dr. M.l Raven, the curator of the Egyptian Department of the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden, who granted permission to publish the photographs of J 384 and 395 and allowed me to inspect the originals, as weIl as to the museum's photographers, M.J. Bomhof and A. De Kemp, for providing the prints. My gratitude also goes to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for supporting this project, and to the Rheinisch-Westfalische Akademie der Wissenschaften for including this volume in the present series and for a subsidy towards the cost of its publication. Finally I would like to thank R. Merkelbach for his help in connection with this project. Robert W. Daniel INTRODUCTION The papyri J 384 (previously V) and J 395 (previously W) of the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden are now usually consulted in K. Preisendanz' standard edition, 2 Papyri Graecae Magicae (Stuttgart 1974 ), and referred to as PGM XII and XIII respective1y. These two large papyri are among the most important magical texts that have survived from late antiquity - especially J 395 with its famous 'Leiden Cosmogony'.

DieGeschichtedesKriegesistgleichsamdie GeschichtedesSoldnerwe sens. Gruppen von Mannern, die sich zum Zweck der Kriegsfuhrung zusammenschlossenund ihre Dienste dem Meistbietendenzur Verfu gungstellten, haben in derHerausbildungdesinternationalenStaaten systemszuallenZeiteneinewesentlicheRollegespielt. Soldnernkamen an verschiedenenKreuzwegenderGeschichte immer wieder entscheidende Funktionen zu. In den fruhen Staatsbil dungsprozessenim Europades13. und14. JahrhundertstratenSoldner erstmals in Gestalt autonomer, differenzierter Organisationen auf den Schlachtfeldern Italiens und Frankreichs in Erscheinung. In Form der freienKompanientrugenSoldnerheereineinembisdahinungekannten MassezurVerschmelzungmilitarischenund wirtschaftlichenHandeIns bei. Die Compagnias wurden zwischen dem 15. und dem fruhen 17. Jahrhundert durch die von Schweizern und Deutschen organisierten Gewalthaufenverdrangt. MitderBeendigungdesDreissigjahrigenKrie ges durchdenWestfalischenFriedenvon 1648werden invereinfachen derhistorischerLesartderNiedergangdesSoldnerwesensundderAuf stiegdesStaatesbezeichnet. DieseGegenuberstellungfuhrtjedochindie Irre. BeinaheremHinsehenwird deutlich, dasses sich lediglichum ei nenFormenwandeldesSoldnerwesenshandelte. Wahrendesrichtigist, dassdasSoldnerwesennachdemEndedesDreissigjahrigenKriegesin nerhalb Europas an Bedeutung verlor, nahm es mit den historischen HandelskompanieneineneueFormnicht-staatlicher, okonomischmoti vierter Gewaltorganisation an. Vom 17. Jahrhundert ausgehend be schleunigtesichdurchdie AktivitatenderHandelskompaniendie welt weiteExpansionderimEntstehenbegriffeneneuropaischenStaaten. Das Organisationsmodell derHandelskompanie ist von den verschiedenen europaischen Staaten im Verlaufeiner fast dreihundertfunfzigjahrigen Phasekolonialer Expansiongenutztwordenundblieb im Kernunver andert. Bisindasspate19. Jahrhundertubernahmendie charteredcom panies wesentliche Funktionen in der Machtausweitung der europai- 14 1Einleitung sehen Staaten und legten die Grundlagen fur die Verstaatlichung der aussereuropaischen Welt. Die historischen Handelskompanienwurden im Prozessder europaischen ExpansionzurSpeerspitze, die den Weg fur die Unterwerfung der aussereuropaischen Volker und Territorien bereiteteundderenEinbindungineinWeltumfassendesokonomisches System erzwang. Die Aktivitaten der Handelskompanien legten nicht nurausserhalbEuropasdieGrundlagenfur dieStaatswerdungsprozesse der folgenden Jahrhunderte, sondern beeinflussten in verschiedener WeiseauchdieAusdifferenzierungdesStaatesinnerhalbEuropas. Wah renddasOrganisationsmodellderHandelskompaniemitderAuflosung derbritischenMozambiqueCompany 1942einEndefand, wurden an dere Organisationsformen des Soldnerwesens seit den spaten 1950er Jahrenzunehmend wichtig. NebenstaatlichenSoldnern, die in die Ar meenehemaligerKolonialmachteeingegliedertwordenwaren, handelte es sich um indigene Verbande, die von den Kolonialisten ausgebildet und finanziertwurden, sowieumfreischaffendeSoldner, die ohneeine stabileOrganisationsstrukturinlosen, inihrerZusammensetzungwech selndenGruppenzusammenarbeiteten."