Have dictionaries of English indeed affected their users' predisposition towards women to such an extent that we can posit a causal relation between what they propose and some of the forms of occupational sexism that still exist? Applying a data-collection methodology that has not been previously resorted to in any studies into the portrayal of women in these dictionaries challenges such a claim: the real exposure to sexist content is actually smaller than previous work is suggesting.

Like many other human activities, translation is related to different forms of power. It can be the ability to control and set the rules. With written translations of significant works of culture, it has often been the powerholders who supported and promoted or impeded them, depending on their own preferences or their understanding of the actual sociopolitical needs. The powerholders in question are individual or collective decision-makers at various levels of the sociopolitical hierarchy who determine policies and allocate funds for approved projects. This book focuses on the possiblities of various approches to translation and power as a research topic within Translation Studies.

This book is directed at lexicographers and professionals in Translation Studies and English Language Teaching. Chapters by translation scholars alternate with chapters by teachers of English; within them, sections on the contents of the works discussed alternate with sections on their use and/or usability. Each of the chapters offers a glimpse of interesting research possibilities that practice raises, the issues we need to investigate and explain, as well as how to turn some of this research into practical action. The book proves that dictionaries continue to play an important part in our daily and academic lives, though it is not always clear how they should fit into the overall pattern of curriculum design, teaching materials or learning styles.

This book presents a wide range of topics and approaches in the nowadays Translation Studies, which includes popular, trendy issues as well as niche subjects that are rarely taken up in research. The chapters can be grouped into four thematic divisions that capture some major interests of translation scholars. They discuss the nature of the discipline as such and its dimensions, its development and tendencies in some countries, the process of translation from the perspective of translation practice as well as culture-specific elements in translation.

Language as an essential and constitutive part of national identity is what obviously gets lost in translation, being substituted by the language of another nation. For this reason, one could perceive national identity and translation as contradictory and proclaim a total untranslatability of the former. However, such a simplified conclusion would clearly deny the actual translation practice, where countless successful attempts to preserve the element of national identity can be testified. The authors of the book focus on the possibilities of various approaches to national identity as a research subject within Translation Studies. The authors hope that the variety of topics presented in this book will inspire further research.

When a dictionary is at work in a writing classroom, users often misinterpret the information they find there. This is not only due to users' poor dictionary skills, but it may also be the work's design which is responsible for errors, many examples of which have been identified in the course of the author's work with Polish learners of English. This book presents a collection of such dictionary provoked errors along with the factors responsible for the lexicographic description of collocation, as offered by dictionaries currently available on the market, as well as changes which, if introduced, might help the user avoid at least some of the errors. This work should be of interest to dictionary compilers, who are obviously concerned with what happens when their product is put to use and with making dictionaries more user-friendly. At the same time, it should appeal to anyone concerned with the challenge of rendering the educational environment, in which EFL dictionaries function, more dictionary-friendly.