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Islam is one of the Semitic Religions thus one of the greatest
religions of the world, and it is not easy to present a complete
description of this religion in a Compact Survey, as this book is.
It is also not easy to understand the practical life of the Muslims
without some knowledge of their religious-social life. For that,
one needs to have a complete understanding of the principal
institution of Islam. A compact exposition of Muslim institutions
covers at least important aspects of Arab-Muslim life. Keeping in
mind these facts, I have tried to deal with the origin, background,
and the rise of Islam; the dogmas and the superstitions of the
faith; the sources and practice of Muslim law, the family life; and
Sufism. It packs an immense amount of information even though there
are still other aspect to be dealt with. Concerning the life of the
Prophet, it is well-known that Muhammad b. 'Abdullah was born about
570 C.E. in Mecca (al-Makkah), the son of a Korashite family.
Orphaned early, he grew up under the care of his nearest relatives.
His father had already died so he was brought up by his nearest
relatives-his grandfather aand his uncle. He was a shepherd during
his boyhood age. It is also reported that unlike other boys,
Muhammad was thoughtful, rather than playful. At the age of about
twenty-five, he became the business adviser of a famed widow named
Khadija, who was fifteen years his senior. Eventually he became her
third husband. We do not know much about his early religious life.
He seems, however, to have begun early to meditate on the values of
life, and to have had an unusually nervous, "high-strung
constitution." At the age of forty, he started receiving the divine
A complete collection of Imam al- Husayn's discourses, both oral
and written, from his first conversation with al-Walid b. 'Utba,
the governor of Medina and Marwan b. al-Hakam, to the last words to
leave his blessed lips of the day of Ashura. Find out the truth of
Imam al- Husayn's mission in his own words With the original Arabic
text, maps of Imam al-Husayn's journey and a commentary on each
discourse.
A survey was conducted to explore the fuel wood species and timber
producing species of Dir Kohistan Valleys, Pakistan. Consumption
pattern and impact on the forest resources were also taken into
consideration. A questionnaire was used as a survey instrument to
obtain desired data. For this study 10 villages were randomly
selected. In each village 10 persons were interviewed and they were
randomly selected. Only one person was interviewed from a
household. A total 100 respondent were interviewed. Studies
revealed that 75 plant species belonging to 41 families are
utilized as fuel wood and 41 species belonging to 25 families are
utilized as timber. Bulk of plant species show multiple uses like
Juglans regia wood is used for making furniture, gun woody parts,
carving and as fuel. Root bark (Dandasa) is used for cleaning and
sparkling teeth. Leaves are used by womenfolk for coloring lips
(make-up). Nuts are edible and are traded to other parts of the
country. The fruits are aphrodisiac and also used as dye. Decoction
of leaves is given in eczema and intestinal worms. Used in naming
i.e. Ghuz. Several species like Abies pindrow.
Pakistan is facing tremendous shortage of edible oils. The domestic
edible oil production does't meet the need of the country. The
total availability of edible oils was 2.381 million tons in
2007-08. Local production stood at 0.833 million tons, which
accounted for 30.4 percent of the total availability while the
remaining 69.6 percent was made available through imports at the
cost of Rs. 71.882 billion. In this way, edible oil stood at the
top in the import of food group and on number second after
petroleum group in the total import. This huge drain on our
hard-earned foreign exchange resources is a great challenge for our
planners, agricultural scientists and extension workers. Any
attempt to help in amelioration of this worsening situation is the
need of the day. The traditional or conventional oilseed crops are
rapeseed/mustard, sesame and groundnut, while non-traditional
oilseed crops are sunflower, soybean and safflower. Among these
crops rapeseed/mustard and sunflower have assumed special position
in the agriculture economy of Pakistan. Much of the research
efforts have been directed towards the improvement of these oilseed
crops.
Physiological systems serve as a fascinating playground for the
analysis techniques, which stem from the discipline of nonlinear
dynamics. The essential non-linearities and the complexity of
physiological interactions limit to the ability of linear analysis
to provide full description of the underlying dynamics. This makes
nonlinear analysis an invaluable tool for the analysis of
physiological signals. Robust time series analysis measures are
needed to quantify the dynamics of physiological signals.Despite of
the fundamental difference in their regulation, the research in
heart rate variability analysis has spurred the similar
investigations in gait variability analysis.This study is
methodological approach for quantifying the dynamics of heart rate
and stride interval signals in health and disease. Two nonlinear
measures: Threshold based acceleration change index (TACI) and
normalized corrected Shannon entropy (NCSE) at different threshold
values have been used to quantify the dynamics of heart and stride
interval time series of healthy and diseased subjects.
Stolen Stripes and Broken Medals is a true account of the life of a
Pakistani naval officer who despite reaching the star ranks and
with outstanding record of service had to prematurely say good bye
to his long career. In fact those achievements created enemies who
ultimately staged the fatal conspiracy when he was at the pinnacle
of his career and was just about to get his second star. The title
of this book reflects as to how his hard earned stripes were stolen
and his medals broken by no one other than the top brass of the
Navy since he had refused to tell a lie to safeguard their personal
interests. This book tells the story of his long naval career which
was full of adventures, challenges, and achievements and of course
the due recognition which he had earned through sheer hard work and
dedication to the service. This is an eye opening account for those
who want to see as to what happens to those who are upright and
honest but without any backing in a country like Pakistan. It also
reflects on what happens behind the close doors of the top
leadership in the Armed Forces, who are trusted with nations'
sacred duty. It is for the first time that someone has taken such a
bold step to touch the untouchable, apprising his nation and those
in the helm of affairs, expecting some positive outcome.
Pakistan has been subjected to numerous pulls an pressures since
its independence. Despite being part of the US-led alliances,
Pakistan was dismembered in 1971. With the end of the Cold War, the
situation has gone from bad to worse and even after a long period
of existence Pakistan's security remains threatened by the
adversary. Consequently Pakistan has to spend much more on defence
than her resources permitting. The only plausible way out for
Pakistan is to look for Friends near Home who could act as the
relief zones to off-set the potential threat and provide all
possible assistance to safeguard her strategic security interests.
Friends Near Home presents the realistic perspective, analysis and
aspirations by someone from the soil which should interest the
civilians as well as those in uniform. Focussing on Pakistan's
strategic security options, the thesis succinctly examines the
politico-strategic and maritime environment of the region which
includes South Asia, South-West Asia and Central Asia with special
reference to the North-West Indian Ocean Region milieu. The author
has made a positive effort to analyse the viability and efficacy of
the regional states i.e. Friends near Home, with a view to enhance
Pakistan's security parameters. All this reflects author's vision
of Pakistan into 21st Century and beyond. This book also presents
the guiding principles for the regional as well as extra regional
countries. Some bold thoughts and recommendations suggested in this
book could serve as the stabilizing factors for the region and
ultimately contributing towards the world peace and stability.
Expansion of the Gulf Cooperation Council leading to the
establishment of the EnlargedEconomic Cooperation Organisation is
one such realistic but challenging proposition. Pakistan's
envisaged maritime orientation should conveniently help attainment
of this difficult but achievable objective. Those in power should
carry this vision to the testing grounds for the sake of a
promising future ushering a new era of cooperation and development
in this resource-rich region, and striving together for world peace
and stability.
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