R. Levenson: Isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase: Family Members in Search of Function.- E. Petzinger: Transport of Organic Anions in the Liver. An Update on Bile Acid, Fatty Acid, Monocarboxylate, Anionic Amino Acid, Cholephilic Organic Anion and Anionic Drug Transport.- E. Schultz, K.M. McCormick: Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells.

Cook et al.: Phospholipases C and D in Mitogenic Signal Transduction. Moolenaar et al: Lysophosphatidatic Acid: A Bioactive Phospholipid with Growth Factor-Like Properties. Kozma et al.: Serine/Threonine Kinases in thePropagation of the Early Mitogenic Response. Diringer et al: A Retrospective on Transformation, Growth Control, and some Peculiarities of Lipid Metabolism. Villereal et al.: Calcium Signals in Growth Factor Signal Transduction. Wakabayashi et al.: Structure Function of the Growth Factor-Activatable Na+/H+ Exchanger. Herrlich et al.: DNA Damage-Induces Gene Expression: Signal Transduction and Relation to Growth Factor Signaling. Lucibello et al.: Transcription Factor Encoding Oncogenes

This special volume provides up-to-date information on research dealing with the regulation of the biosynthesis and degradation of cyclic GMP and with the regulation of physiological systems by cyclic GMP. The publication of this volume could not have come at a more appropriate time, with significant work in this area having led to our current understanding of the role of nitric oxide in signal transduction, and the 1998 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for Furchgott, Murad and Ignarro. Moreover, the introduction in early 1998 of sildenafil (Viagra), a selective inhibitor of a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase, for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men represents the first successful therapeutic application of an agent designed to alter the activity of a molecular target in a cyclic GMP pathway.

K.W. Bock: The Aryl Hydrocarbon or Dioxin Receptor: Biologic and Toxic Responses.- K. Grieshaber, I. Hardewig, U. Kreutzer, and H.-O. Poertner: Physiological and Metabolic Responses to Hypoxia in Invertebrates.- K.-W. Koch: Calcium as Modulator of Phototransduction in Vertebrate Photoreceptor Cells.

P.J. Pearson, P.M. Vanhoutte: Vasodilator and Vasoconstrictor Substances Produced by the Endothelium. L. Dux: Muscle Relaxation and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Function in Different Muscle Types. C.C. Ashley, P.J. Griffith, T.J. Lea, I.P. Mulligan, R.e. Palmer, and S.J. Simnett: Barnacle Muscle: Ca2+ Activation and Mechanics.

Contents: R.L. Moss, G.M. Diffee, M.L. Greaser: Contractile Properties of Skeletal Muscle Fibers in Relation to Myofibrillar Protein Isoforms.- J.E. Wilson: Hexokinases.- J. Rassow, N. Pfanner: Molecular Chaperones and Intracellular Protein Translocation.- H. Fuder, E. Muscholl: Heteroreceptor-Mediated Modulation of Noradrenaline and Acetylcholine Release from Peripheral Nerves.

In this regular issue of Reviews of Physiology the first contribution by Warth and Bleich is on K+ Channels and Colonic Function, the second by Offermanns on Mammalian G-Protein Function in vivo: New Insights Through Altered Expression, and the third contribution by Tenenholz et al. (including one editor of the series) on Structural Determinants of Scorpion Toxin Affinity: The Charybdotoxin (alpha-KTX) Family of K+-channel Blocking Peptides.

J.A. Roth: Membrane-Bound Catechol-O-Methyltreansferase: A Reevaluation of Its Role in the O-Methylation of the Catecholamine Transmitters. D.J. Benos, S. Cunningham, R.R. Baker, K.B. Beason, Y. Oh, and P.R. Smith: Molecular Characteristics of Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels. D. Pette and G. Vrbov : Adaptation of Mammalian Skeletal Muscle Fibers to Chronic Electrical Stimulation.

In the series Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology three excellent contributions by Ruth Heidelberger (Houston, TX, USA) with Electrophysiological Approaches to the Study of Neuronal Exocytosis and Synaptic Vesicle Dynamics and Kay Truscott et al. (Freiburg, Germany) with Transport of Proteins Into Mitochondria and Randall K. Powers and Marc D. Binder (Seattle, WA, USA) with Input-Output Functions of Mammalian Motoneurons form another outstanding volume.

In this second special issue on signal transduction leading specialists in their fields again present overviews of topics related to the highly topicalsubject of signal transduction. The first contribution, by Keppler, deals with the biosynthesis, transport, inactivation, and analysis of leukotrienes. Mohr et al. present an excellent overview of the biology of the peptide hormone oxytocin and its role in signal transduction.The review by Holzer describes the significance of peptinergic sensory neurons in the control of vascular functions. In the contribution by Wolf etal the molecular biology of the Y chromosome is discussed.

W. Ulbricht: Effects of veratridine on sodium currents and fluxes. W. Meyerhof: The elucidation of somatostatin receptor functions: a current view.M. Leist, F. Gantner, g. Kunstle and A. Wendel: Cytokine-mediated hepatic apoptosis.

The objectives in this special issue are (1) to critically review current information on the mechanisms coupling extracellular regulatory signals to regulation of cross-bridge cycling and proliferation in smooth muscle, and (2) identify significant gaps or unresolved issues that are important topics for future research. The experimental and analytical difficulties discussed above are increasingly recognized and surmounted. Elucidation of the molecular and cellular events underlying the biologal properties of smooth muscle is in the midst of a period of rapid progress. While the reviews reveal many gaps to be filled and illustrate areas of contention, they also capture the excitement of new discoveries.

Special Issue on the Tird Filament System

H. Wegele, L. M ller, and J. Buchner: Hsp70 and Hsp90 A Relay Team for Protein Folding

R. Sch lein: The Early Stages of the Intracellular Transport of Membrane Proteins: Clinical and Pharmacological Implications

L. Schild: The Epithelial Sodium Channel: From Molecule to Disease

Clinical Disorders of Membrane Transport Processes is a softcover book containing a portion of Physiology of Membrane Disorders (Second Edition). The parent volume contains six major sections that deal with general aspects of the physiology of transport processes and specific aspects of transport processes in cells and in organized cellular systems, namely epithelia. This text contains the last section, which deals with the application of the physiology of transport processes to the understanding of clinical disorders. We hope that this smaller volume will be helpful to individuals particularly interested in clinical derangements of membrane transport processes. THOMAS E. ANDREOLI JOSEPH F. HOFFMAN DARRELL D. FANESTIL STANLEY G. SCHULTZ Vll Preface to the Second Edition The second edition of Physiology of Membrane Disorders represents an extensive revision and a considerable expansion of the fIrst edition. Yet the purpose of the second edition is identical to that of its predecessor, namely, to provide a rational analysis of membrane transport processes in individual membranes, cells, tissues, and organs, which in tum serves as a frame of reference for rationalizing disorders in which derangements of membrane transport processes playa cardinal role in the clinical expression of disease. As in the fIrst edition, this book is divided into a number of individual, but closely related, sections. Part V represents a new section where the problem of transport across epithelia is treated in some detail. Finally, Part VI, which analyzes clinical derangements, has been enlarged appreciably.

Membrane Transport Processes in Organized Systems is a softcover book containing portions of Physiology of Membrane Disorders (Second Edition). The parent volume contains six major sections. This text encompasses the fourth and fifth sections: Transport Events in Single Cells and Transport in Epithelia: Vectorial Transport through Parallel Arrays. We hope that this smaller volume, which deals with transport processes in single cells and in organized epithelia, will be helpful to individuals interested in general physiology, transport in single cells and epithelia, and the methods for studying those transport processes. THOMAS E. ANDREOLI JOSEPH F. HOFFMAN DARRELL D. FANESTIL STANLEY G. SCHULTZ Vll Preface to the Second Edition The second edition of Physiology of Membrane Disorders represents an extensive revision and a considerable expansion ofthe first edition . Yet the purpose of the second edition is identical to that of its predecessor, namely, to provide a rational analysis of membrane transport processes in individual membranes, cells, tissues, and organs, which in tum serves as a frame of reference for rationalizing disorders in which derangements of membrane transport processes play a cardinal role in the clinical expression of disease. As in the first edition, this book is divided into a number of individual, but closely related, sections. Part V represents a new section where the problem of transport across epithelia is treated in some detail. Finally, Part VI, which analyzes clinical derangements, has been enlarged appreciably.

During the mid-forties bacteria and phages were dis- covered to be suitable objects for the study of genet- ics. Genetic phenomena such as mutation and recombina- tion, which had already been known in eukaryotes for a long time, were now shown to exist in bacteria and phages as well. New phenomena as lysogeny and trans- duction were discovered, which gained great importance beyond the field of microbial genetics. Bacteria and phages are of small size, multiply rapid- ly, and have chemically defined growth requirements. Many selective procedures can be applied to screen for rarely occurring mutants or recombinants. Therefore, they offered ideal conditions to investigate genetic processes and to interpret them in molecular terms. Many new methods were developed (e. g. CsCl density gradient centrifugation) and old techniques were im- proved and modified for new purposes (e. g. chemical mutagenesis). Hypotheses, such as the semiconservative replication of DNA, mutation by transition and trans- version and operon regulation, have had an extraordi- narily stimulating effect on the research in general genetics. Thus, in the past two decades, from the ge- netics of microbes (including fungi) the field of mo- lecular genetics developed. Many text books compete in presenting the latest knowledge on this subject. But to date there are only a few laboratory manuals which introduce the student of biology to the manifold ex- perimental techniques of microbial and molecular gene- tics. This laboratory manual is an attempt to redress the balance.

Die Kosten- und Leistungsrechnung lAsst nicht jedes Herz hAher schlagen, aber leider ist sie als zentraler Bestandteil des internen Rechnungswesens im Studium fast unumgAnglich. Aber keine Sorge: Gerd Schulte fA1/4hrt Sie so schnell und verstAndlich wie mAglich in dieses manchmal etwas sperrige Thema ein. Er erklArt Ihnen die Grundlagen des Internen Rechnungswesens und was Sie A1/4ber die Ist-Vollkosten-, die Teilkosten-, Normal- und Plankostenrechnung wissen mA1/4ssen. Mit vielen A bungsaufgaben mit LAsungen kAnnen Sie Ihr Wissen dann auch noch festigen und prA1/4fen.

This book is the second volume of two books about sea urchins (echinoids) since 1953 (Th. Mortensen). The detailed and coloured illustrated descriptions enable the reader to identify all species living today in our oceans. Recent scientific searchings are included. Volume II. describes the Irregularia with bilateral symmetry, including the well known "sand dollars" and "heart urchins", living mostly more or less deeply burrowed in the substrat.

Das nutzbare Potential erneuerbarer Energien in der EU reicht theoretisch dazu aus, die gesamte herkoemmliche Energieversorgung zu ersetzen. Hier wird anhand der Windkraft, der Photovoltaik, der thermischen Solarenergie sowie der Biomasse untersucht, welchen Beitrag diese Quellen bis zum Jahr 2020 leisten koennten, wenn dafur politische Initiativen ergriffen wurden, die eine Mobilisierung der Marktkrafte unter dem Gesichtspunkt der betriebswirtschaftlichen Wettbewerbsfahigkeit mit herkoemmlichen Energietragern sicherstellen koennten.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfangen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen fur die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfugung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden mussen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfangen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen fur die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfugung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden mussen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.