A study of the origin and development of the Ibadi Imamate ideal into its medieval Arabian and North African articulations, this study traces the distinctive features of the Ibadi imama to precedents among the early Kharijites, Rashidun Caliphs and pre-Islamic Arabs. Using the four "states of religion" (masalik al-din) as an organizing principle for its chapters, the book examines the four associated Imam-types that are appropriate to such states - the Imam al-Zuhur (Imam of Manifestation), Imam al-Difa'a (Imam of Defense), Imam al-Shari (the "Seller" Imam who triumphed over his enemies or "sold" himself to God in the attempt) and Imam al-Kitman (Imam of Secrecy) - and locates each Imam-type within a trajectory of Ibadi development. Some distinctive features of the Ibadi Imamate tradition, such as the shari Imam who selflessly fought for the establishment of the Ibadi polity, are shown to be rooted in the early Kharijite martyrdom narratives that were appropriated by the Ibadiyya and later transformed into systematic doctrines. Still others, such as the "weak" Imam who accepted provisional authority under the control of the 'ulama hearken back to pre-Islamic patterns of limited authority that subsequently found their way into early Islamic political norms. Working from a perspective that challenges the "exceptional" interpretation of Kharijite and Ibadite doctrine and practice, this study seeks to root much of Ibadi political theory in the same early traditions of Islamic political practice that later provided legitimacy to Sunni Muslim political theorists. The result is a historically grounded and complex presentation of the development of political doctrine among the sole remaining relative of the early Kharijites.

In a remote village, high in the snow-capped mountains of southern Poland, during the worst winter of World War II, a beautiful polish woman presiding over the village peasants, a brute of a partisan leader, and an outlaw priest with a mysterious past, are hiding a ragtag band of Jewish children escaped from an accidental death train wreck. During a Bible lesson, the priest, who is actually a Jewish doctor disguised as a man of the cloth, tells the children the Old Testament story of Elisha. "God sent His special 'War Angels' to protect the children of Israel from the attacking Syrian army" he said. The children ask the priest to pray with them for 'War Angels', like in the Bible story, to protect them from the relentless Nazi madman searching for their capture. Miraculously, an American B-17 bomber carrying a tough crew of battered flyers from a deep penetration raid over Germany, crash lands directly next to the village. The children and villagers renew their faith in God, believing the Americans to be; the answer to prayer, and...'The War Angels'. In the end, most realized, only the hand of God could have brought all these people, and seemingly unrelated threads of circumstance into that perilously precise moment in time. Together, through their heroic faith, they persevere against the onslaught of evil Satanic forces

This issue of Anesthesiology Clinics covers the latest updates in obstetric and gynecologic anesthesia written by the world-leading experts on the topic. Procedurally-focused articles cover best practices in chronic pain management, the role of magnesium in labor and delivery, advanced airway procedures, epidural analgesia, amniotic fluid embolism and more. Achieve the best outcomes and keep current on this area of anesthesia practice.

Global climatic change will most likely affect natural resources and human living conditions in semiarid regions. This volume presents disciplinary as well as integrative methods to assess these impacts considering the interactions between climate variability and change, water availability, land-use systems, and quality of life. Taking the semiarid northeastern area of Brazil as an example, a wide range of expertise and knowledge (from integrated water analyses to transregional migration) is necessary to understand the complex relationship between natural and socio-economic systems. Tools to integrate this knowledge and make it available for the strategic planning of sustainable development are described. This book is a summary of the main research results and the presentations given at the final conference of the WAVES Program on June 25-26 2001 in Fortaleza (Brazil).

In addition to a careful analysis of text, form, and structure, Keel focuses on the metaphorical and symbolic language of this scholarly work, making full use of parallels from Egypt, Palestine, and Mesopotamia, and providing readers with the full symbolism of ancient Near Eastern art. More than 160 illustrations and photos help illuminate the interpretation.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. With 700+ questions and 300 illustrations, the go-to ARDMA study guide delivers the updated content and hands-on practice you need to ace the exam Fully updated with the latest terminology and concepts, Vascular Technology Examination PREP, Second Edition is the go-to learning tool for anyone taking ARDMS (R) Vascular Technology registry exam. Covering all aspects of vascular disease and testing, it combines vascular principles with high-yield review questions that boost your comprehension and retention. This unparalleled guide provides you with a thorough look at every vascular region, including cerebrovascular, venous, peripheral arterial, and abdominal/visceral. Full-color illustrations, tables, and sonographic images reinforce core concepts, and a dedicated chapter covers the latest perspectives in quality assurance, with detailed information on patient and practitioner safety guidelines. * UPDATED: questions, images, terminologies, and protocols * NEW: Focus on new technologies, including IVUS, carotid stent criteria, renal stent criteria, vector flow imaging, Chromaflow, Angiojet, and ultrafast Doppler

Sectarian divisions within the Islamic world have long been misunderstood and misconstrued by the media and the general public. In this book, Adam R. Gaiser offers an accessible introduction to the main Muslim sects and schools, returning to the roots of the sectarian divide in the Medieval period. Beginning with the death of Muhammed and the ensuing debate over who would succeed him, Gaiser outlines how the umma (Muslim community) came to be divided. He traces the history of the main Muslim sects and schools - the Sunnis, Shi'ites, Kharijites, Mu'tazila and Murji'a - and shows how they emerged, developed, and diverged from one another. Exploring how medieval Muslims understood the idea of 'sect', Gaiser challenges readers to consider the usefulness and scope of the concept of 'sectarianism' in this historical context. Providing an overview of the main Muslim sects while problematising the assumptions of previous scholarship, this is a valuable resource for both new and experienced readers of Islamic history.

Sectarian divisions within the Islamic world have long been misunderstood and misconstrued by the media and the general public. In this book, Adam R. Gaiser offers an accessible introduction to the main Muslim sects and schools, returning to the roots of the sectarian divide in the Medieval period. Beginning with the death of Muhammed and the ensuing debate over who would succeed him, Gaiser outlines how the umma (Muslim community) came to be divided. He traces the history of the main Muslim sects and schools - the Sunnis, Shi'ites, Kharijites, Mu'tazila and Murji'a - and shows how they emerged, developed, and diverged from one another. Exploring how medieval Muslims understood the idea of 'sect', Gaiser challenges readers to consider the usefulness and scope of the concept of 'sectarianism' in this historical context. Providing an overview of the main Muslim sects while problematising the assumptions of previous scholarship, this is a valuable resource for both new and experienced readers of Islamic history.

Global climatic change will most likely affect natural resources and human living conditions in semiarid regions. This volume presents disciplinary as well as integrative methods to assess these impacts considering the interactions between climate variability and change, water availability, land-use systems, and quality of life. Taking the semiarid northeastern area of Brazil as an example, a wide range of expertise and knowledge (from integrated water analyses to transregional migration) is necessary to understand the complex relationship between natural and socio-economic systems. Tools to integrate this knowledge and make it available for the strategic planning of sustainable development are described. This book is a summary of the main research results and the presentations given at the final conference of the WAVES Program on June 25-26 2001 in Fortaleza (Brazil).

From the reviews:

"This book focuses on results from a joint German-Brazilian program (Water Availability and Vulnerability of Ecosystems and Society, or WAVES) to assess the socioeconomic impacts that global change will have on northeast Brazil. This book, divided into eight parts, describes the many factors that should be included in developing scenarios for future planning purposes. The book provides useful information concerning the complex multidisciplinary task of developing scenarios that can aid decision makers in formulating plans for sustainable development in an area that is highly vulnerable to climate variability and change. For someone who is unfamiliar with the semiarid northeast Brazil region, the book provides considerable useful background information." (Vernon E. Kousky, BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEORLOGICAL SOCIETY, December 2004)

In Deutschland hat die wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit Dienstleistungen in den letzten 20 Jahren stetig an Bedeutung gewonnen. In jungster Zeit rucken Fragestellungen nach einer systematischen Entwicklung von Dienstleistungen in den Mittelpunkt. Erfolgsentscheidend dabei ist die Orientierung an den Wunschen und Bedurfnissen des Kunden. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist daher, die Erkenntnisse uber die Rolle des Marketing wahrend des Innovationsprozesses naher zu untersuchen. Einerseits soll geklart werden, inwieweit das Marketing bei der eigentlichen Dienstleistungsentwicklung beteiligt ist. Andererseits soll die Frage beantwortet werden, welche zusatzlichen Herausforderungen die besonderen Eigenschaften von Dienstleistungen bei der Entwicklung und Vermarktung an das Marketing stellen.

The Coastal Everglades presents a broad overview and synthesis of research on the coastal Everglades, a region that includes Everglades National Park, adjacent managed wetlands, and agricultural and urbanizing communities. Contributors for this volume are all collaborators on the Florida Coastal Everglades Long-Term Ecological Research Program (FCE LTER). The FCE LTER began in 2000 with a focus on understanding key ecosystem processes in the coastal Everglades, while also developing a platform for and linkages to related work conducted by an active and diverse Everglades research community. The program is based at Florida International University in Miami, but includes scientists and students from numerous other universities as well as staff scientists at key resource management agencies, including Everglades National Park and the South Florida Water Management District. Though the Everglades landscape spans nearly a third of the State of Florida, the focus on the coastal Everglades has allowed the contributors to examine key questions in social-ecological science in the context of ongoing restoration initiatives. As this book demonstrates, the long-term research of the FCE LTER has facilitated a better understanding of the roles of sea level rise, water management practices, urban and agricultural development, and other disturbances, such as fires and storms, on the past and future dynamics of this unique coastal environment. By comparing properties of the Everglades with other subtropical and tropical wetlands, the book challenges ideas of novelty while revealing properties of ecosystems at the ends of gradients that are often ignored. It also provides insights from, and encouragement for, long-term collaborative studies that inform resource management in similarly threatened coastal wetland landscapes.

In diesem Buch werden die zentralen Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung von netzbasierten Bildungsressourcen und Bildungsportalen diskutiert. Zahlreiche Aufsatze namhafter Wissenschaftler behandeln die vier grossen Bereiche: Portaldesign, Portalbausteine, Blended Concepts und Portale auf dem Weg ins Web 2.0."

Durch die Kombination von Theorie und Praxis kann sich der Leser die Umsetzungsproblematiken der Markenfuhrung anhand konkreter Fallstudien schnell erschliessen und sich dabei ein solides theoretisches Wissen aufbauen. Innovative, neue Aspekte der Markenfuhrung, wie z.B. Employer Branding, Virale Markenfuhrung, Guerilla Marketing oder Couponing werden analysiert. Ebenso finden die kommunikativen Aspekte der Markenfuhrung ihre besondere Berucksichtigung."

Moderne Unternehmensfuhrung kann auf bewahrte Konzepte und eine Vielfalt technologischer Systeme zuruckgreifen. Neue Akzente, und um die geht es in diesem Buch, werden im zwischenmenschlichen Bereich gesetzt. Es geht um das Verhaltnis zwischen Fuhrung und Mitarbeiter, um Motivation, Akzeptanz, Leistung und Darstellung nach aussen. Fuhrung bedeutet aktive Bewusstseinsforderung und Fahigkeit zu Kommunikation. Mitarbeiter sollten in Entscheidungsprozesse einbezogen und fahig sein zu situationsgerechter Aktivitat. Der Autor gibt eine Fulle handfester Ratschlage mit kurzen, allgemeinverstandlichen Definitionen und Analysen, mit konkreten Ablaufplanen und Checklisten, mit systematisch gegliederten Arbeitskonzepten. Praxisgerechte Anleitung fur Leitende auf jeder Ebene."