Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Analogical reasoning is known as a powerful mode for drawing plausible conclusions and solving problems. It has been the topic of a huge number of works by philosophers, anthropologists, linguists, psychologists and computer scientists. As such, it has been early studied in artificial intelligence, with a particular renewal of interest in the last decade.

The present volume provides a structured view of current research trends on computational approaches to analogical reasoning. It starts with an overview of analogical reasoning with an extensive bibliography.

The 14 collected contributions cover a large scope of issues. First, the use of analogical proportions and analogies is explained and discussed in various natural language processing problems, as well as in automated deduction. Then, different formal frameworks for handling analogies are presented, dealing with case-based reasoning, heuristic-driven theory projection, commonsense reasoning about incomplete rule bases, logical proportions induced by similarity and dissimilarity indicators and analogical proportions in lattice structures. Lastly, the volume reports case studies and discussions about the use of similarity judgments and the process of analogy making, at work in IQ tests, creativity or other cognitive tasks.

This volume gathers fully revised and expanded versions of papers presented at an international workshop as well as invited contributions. All chapters have benefited of a thorough peer review process."

This book introduces nanoparticles as a powerful platform for vaccine design. Current challenges in vaccine development are discussed and the unique advantages nanoparticles provide in overcoming these challenges are explored. The authors offer fascinating insights into the immunological assets of using nanoparticles as delivery vehicles or adjuvants and present different materials that are being used in nanoparticle-based vaccine development, covering peptides, proteins, polymers, virus-like particles, and liposomes. Its contemporary research insights and practical examples for applications make this volume an inspiring read for researchers and clinicians in vaccinology and immunology. Chapter "Liposome Formulations as Adjuvants for Vaccines" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book explores the aspirations of 'working class' girls' in an ex-mining community in the UK. It highlights the difficulties present in these 'post-industrial' settings, which are often areas of severe deprivation, and questions whether these place limitations on the achievements of the girls within the community. Based on an eight-year longitudinal study of girls in three primary schools and two secondary schools which differed in levels of attainment, the book examines the girls' initial aspirations, decision-making, and later achievements when in post-compulsory education. It will be compelling reading for students, academics and practitioners in Education, offering a unique appreciation of how working-class girls balance their own aspirations with the educational opportunities perceived to be available to them.

Strategies and case studies, developed, trialled and reviewed by practicing school leaders Written by current school leaders for experienced, new and aspiring school leaders Offers practical leadership strategies to develop school practices and positively impact on student learning School-led research used to measure the impact of new strategies

This accessible text focuses on diversity in education and the inclusion of all children and young people in all aspects of the school or college community. It provides an introduction to policy, theory and practical strategies in relation to diversity in education for practitioners, researchers and policy makers. The fully revised and updated chapters discuss recent debates, research studies and current initiatives, particularly relating to teaching and learning, and conclude with key questions for student reflection. Topics include: Inclusive education ethnic and cultural diversity challenging behaviour bullying gender identity and sexuality Gypsy, Roma and Traveller children special educational needs listening to parents religious and cultural diversity disability and human rights children and young people who are refugees or seeking asylum Reflecting on legislative duties, personal values and the importance of listening to the voice of all learners, particularly those who may experience disadvantage or discrimination in educational settings, Teaching and Learning in Diverse and Inclusive Classrooms is a key resource for initial teacher training programmes and professional development courses.

Effective Interventions and Strategies for Pupils with SEND offers practical, tried-and-tested strategies for supporting and championing pupils with special educational needs and disabilities. Each strategy has been researched, trialled and reviewed, with the results presented accessibly and the concerns of real teachers a key focus of the discussion. With each chapter written by an experienced and innovative teacher working with children with SEND, this book covers a wide range of strategies for supporting pupils with SEND. These effective strategies include: Using a 'daily run' to improve concentration and behaviour Creating SEN champions and more effective teaching assistants Embedding anxiety-reducing strategies in the classroom. Written for teachers by teachers, Effective Interventions and Strategies for Pupils with SEND is an indispensable resource for all SENCOs and other educators and staff working with children with special educational needs looking to provide the best learning experiences possible.

Effective Interventions and Strategies for Pupils with SEND offers practical, tried-and-tested strategies for supporting and championing pupils with special educational needs and disabilities. Each strategy has been researched, trialled and reviewed, with the results presented accessibly and the concerns of real teachers a key focus of the discussion. With each chapter written by an experienced and innovative teacher working with children with SEND, this book covers a wide range of strategies for supporting pupils with SEND. These effective strategies include: Using a 'daily run' to improve concentration and behaviour Creating SEN champions and more effective teaching assistants Embedding anxiety-reducing strategies in the classroom. Written for teachers by teachers, Effective Interventions and Strategies for Pupils with SEND is an indispensable resource for all SENCOs and other educators and staff working with children with special educational needs looking to provide the best learning experiences possible.

Analogical reasoning is known as a powerful mode for drawing plausible conclusions and solving problems. It has been the topic of a huge number of works by philosophers, anthropologists, linguists, psychologists, and computer scientists. As such, it has been early studied in artificial intelligence, with a particular renewal of interest in the last decade. The present volume provides a structured view of current research trends on computational approaches to analogical reasoning. It starts with an overview of the field, with an extensive bibliography. The 14 collected contributions cover a large scope of issues. First, the use of analogical proportions and analogies is explained and discussed in various natural language processing problems, as well as in automated deduction. Then, different formal frameworks for handling analogies are presented, dealing with case-based reasoning, heuristic-driven theory projection, commonsense reasoning about incomplete rule bases, logical proportions induced by similarity and dissimilarity indicators, and analogical proportions in lattice structures. Lastly, the volume reports case studies and discussions about the use of similarity judgments and the process of analogy making, at work in IQ tests, creativity or other cognitive tasks. This volume gathers fully revised and expanded versions of papers presented at an international workshop‚ as well as invited contributions. All chapters have benefited of a thorough peer review process.

Written by school leaders, for school leaders, this book shares the work of ten practising, innovative school leaders. It offers insight into practical school developments that have been researched, trialled and reviewed to demonstrate their success at creating positive change.

With each chapter written by experienced school leaders working in a range of contexts, the accounts of the developments they carried out and the research evidence they collected to measure impact are presented accessibly and succinctly. These developments include:

‘Poverty Proofing’ by breaking down barriers to disadvantage

Creating a new holistic approach to appraisal and quality assurance

Designing and delivering a new cohesive whole school curriculum

Surviving headteacher stress

Innovative School Leadership: Transforming Practices is an indispensable resource for all current and aspiring leaders wanting to provide the best learning environment for their whole school community.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements

Author Biographies

Chapter 1 "An overwhelming, scrutinised, roller coaster experience – I love it!": New headteachers’ first 100 days

David S Stewart

Chapter 2 Bottom of the pile?: How does it feel to go to the east desirable school in the area?

David Anderson

Chapter 3 Avoiding headteacher stress

James Brown

Chapter 4 Appraisal and quality assurance – a deeper dive: A holistic approach to changing the culture of performance management

James Hutchinson

Chapter 5 Developing whole-school research

Michael Gorton

Chapter 6 What are you waiting for? Get your school poverty proofed: Breaking the cycle of disadvantage

Chris Wardle

Chapter 7 School exclusion – just a holiday?: What can schools learn from experiences of internal and fixed-term exclusion?

Matthew Sammy

Chapter 8 Schools’ charity work – who benefits?

Leanne Mitchell

Chapter 9 Creating a whole-school curriculum

Laura Wookey

Chapter 10 How to improve outcomes for pupils with SEND

Emily Walker

Index/

Based on a ground-breaking Department of Education-funded project and written by experienced teachers and educational practitioners, Reducing Teachers' Marking Workload and Developing Pupils' Learning shares strategies for reducing marking workload without compromising the quality of feedback pupils receive. This book presents a range of marking strategies, describing the process of trialling, testing and evaluating the impact which is relevant to any classroom. The strategies included in this book, proven to be immediately effective in schools, include: Advice on how to ensure feedback is meaningful for pupils The benefits of self-assessment and developing this in the classroom Marking for individuals, groups and whole classes Written for teachers by teachers, Reducing Teachers' Marking Workload and Developing Pupils' Learning is a valuable resource for teachers, educators and student teachers looking to develop their professional practice, demystify education research and make the impact of their marking and feedback hugely more effective.

Based on a ground-breaking Department of Education-funded project and written by experienced teachers and educational practitioners, Reducing Teachers' Marking Workload and Developing Pupils' Learning shares strategies for reducing marking workload without compromising the quality of feedback pupils receive. This book presents a range of marking strategies, describing the process of trialling, testing and evaluating the impact which is relevant to any classroom. The strategies included in this book, proven to be immediately effective in schools, include: Advice on how to ensure feedback is meaningful for pupils The benefits of self-assessment and developing this in the classroom Marking for individuals, groups and whole classes Written for teachers by teachers, Reducing Teachers' Marking Workload and Developing Pupils' Learning is a valuable resource for teachers, educators and student teachers looking to develop their professional practice, demystify education research and make the impact of their marking and feedback hugely more effective.

This book is designed to support Teaching Assistants in the important and unique role they play in the education of children. This new edition includes a range of additional material and reflects developments in the recent UK context and legislation that relates to participation and diversity. It raises issues concerning values and professional practice for Teaching Assistants, emphasising inclusive approaches and the importance of understanding the perspectives of learners throughout. Each chapter contains an overview of topical debates, current research, a discussion of issues relating to values and professional practice. Every chapter raises questions and suggests reading for further reflection. This highly accessible resource includes contributions from leading researchers and experienced education practitioners. It introduces a range of issues, with a focus on inclusion and the key role of teaching assistants, such as: understanding inclusive education: school communities and participation Special educational needs and inclusive practice supporting Gypsy, Roma and Traveller (GRT) children ethnic diversity and attainment the influence of gender on the achievement of boys and girls working with teachers and parents religious diversity and inclusive practice including and supporting Lesbian, Gay, Bi-sexual, Transsexual (LGBT) students welcoming and understanding asylum seeking and refugee students disability, human rights and inclusion. This book will enable Teaching Assistants to develop a deeper understanding of the fundamental principles of inclusive education. It provides an essential resource for Teaching Assistants and all those working in Education.

This accessible text focuses on diversity in education and the inclusion of all children and young people in all aspects of the school or college community. It provides an introduction to policy, theory and practical strategies in relation to diversity in education for practitioners, researchers and policy makers. The fully revised and updated chapters discuss recent debates, research studies and current initiatives, particularly relating to teaching and learning, and conclude with key questions for student reflection. Topics include: Inclusive education ethnic and cultural diversity challenging behaviour bullying gender identity and sexuality Gypsy, Roma and Traveller children special educational needs listening to parents religious and cultural diversity disability and human rights children and young people who are refugees or seeking asylum Reflecting on legislative duties, personal values and the importance of listening to the voice of all learners, particularly those who may experience disadvantage or discrimination in educational settings, Teaching and Learning in Diverse and Inclusive Classrooms is a key resource for initial teacher training programmes and professional development courses.

This book is designed to support Teaching Assistants in the important and unique role they play in the education of children. This new edition includes a range of additional material and reflects developments in the recent UK context and legislation that relates to participation and diversity. It raises issues concerning values and professional practice for Teaching Assistants, emphasising inclusive approaches and the importance of understanding the perspectives of learners throughout. Each chapter contains an overview of topical debates, current research, a discussion of issues relating to values and professional practice. Every chapter raises questions and suggests reading for further reflection. This highly accessible resource includes contributions from leading researchers and experienced education practitioners. It introduces a range of issues, with a focus on inclusion and the key role of teaching assistants, such as: understanding inclusive education: school communities and participation Special educational needs and inclusive practice supporting Gypsy, Roma and Traveller (GRT) children ethnic diversity and attainment the influence of gender on the achievement of boys and girls working with teachers and parents religious diversity and inclusive practice including and supporting Lesbian, Gay, Bi-sexual, Transsexual (LGBT) students welcoming and understanding asylum seeking and refugee students disability, human rights and inclusion. This book will enable Teaching Assistants to develop a deeper understanding of the fundamental principles of inclusive education. It provides an essential resource for Teaching Assistants and all those working in Education.

This book introduces nanoparticles as a powerful platform for vaccine design. Current challenges in vaccine development are discussed and the unique advantages nanoparticles provide in overcoming these challenges are explored. The authors offer fascinating insights into the immunological assets of using nanoparticles as delivery vehicles or adjuvants and present different materials that are being used in nanoparticle-based vaccine development, covering peptides, proteins, polymers, virus-like particles, and liposomes. Its contemporary research insights and practical examples for applications make this volume an inspiring read for researchers and clinicians in vaccinology and immunology. Chapter "Liposome Formulations as Adjuvants for Vaccines" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Ornithology, 4th Edition is a comprehensive introductory text covering a wide scope of topics essential for understanding the field of ornithology. This edition infuses the most current research and a more conceptual approach alongside an evolutionary perspective. The 4th edition retains its hallmark readability, as well as a well updated narrative and bibliography with the latest scientific content and references.

While rooted in traditional marketing principles, successful fashion marketing presents a unique set of opportunities and challenges. Marketing Fashion: A Global Perspective is the first text to engagingly present marketing theories and practices as they specifically relate to apparel, home goods, and other design-driven products. Using a variety of contemporary examples, the text details how fashion marketers develop and apply marketing strategies that meet consumer needs at a profit. Topics covered include: consumer and organizational buying behavior, market research, market segmentation, product planning and positioning, pricing, retailer relationships, and additional classic marketing theories and practices as they relate to design. In addition, Fashion Marketing explores in depth contemporary issues such as technology, social responsibility and ethics, sustainability, and globalization, and considers effective strategies for various economic climates.

In this provocative study of dancing, Sam Gill examines the interpretive styles of a variety of cultural dance traditions in discourse with the philosophic traditions of Schiller, Merleau-Ponty, Barbaras, Derrida, Leroi-Gourhan, and Baudrillard. As a scholar of religion, Gill provides special consideration to the importance of this emerging appreciation of dancing as a perspective inclusive of body and experience. Each chapter delves into the many factions of dancing: moving, gesturing, self-othering, playing, seducing, and masking. Gill also draws on the analysis of contemporary dance films and musicals, his experience as a dancer and dance teacher, his extensive research on dance traditions, and his interest in neurobiology and phenomenology to develop the core of this rich exploration of dancing, the structurality of all dances.

In this provocative study of dancing, Sam Gill examines the interpretive styles of a variety of cultural dance traditions in discourse with the philosophic traditions of Schiller, Merleau-Ponty, Barbaras, Derrida, Leroi-Gourhan, and Baudrillard. As a scholar of religion, Gill provides special consideration to the importance of this emerging appreciation of dancing as a perspective inclusive of body and experience. Each chapter delves into the many factions of dancing: moving, gesturing, self-othering, playing, seducing, and masking. Gill also draws on the analysis of contemporary dance films and musicals, his experience as a dancer and dance teacher, his extensive research on dance traditions, and his interest in neurobiology and phenomenology to develop the core of this rich exploration of dancing, the structurality of all dances.