The spread of democracy to a majority of the world's states and the legitimization of the use of force by multilateral institutions such as NATO and the UN have been two key developments since World War II. In the last decade these developments have become intertwined, as multilateral forces moved from traditional peacekeeping to peace enforcement among warring parties. This book explores the experiences of nine countries (Canada, France, Germany, India, Japan, Norway, Russia, UK and US) in the deployment of armed forces under the UN and NATO, asking who has been and should be accountable to the citizens of these nations, and to the citizens of states who are the object of deployments, for the decisions made in the such military actions. The authors conclude that national-level mechanisms have been most important in assuring democratic accountability of national and international decision-makers.

The spread of democracy to a majority of the world's states and the legitimization of the use of force by multilateral institutions such as NATO and the UN have been two key developments since World War II. In the last decade these developments have become intertwined, as multilateral forces moved from traditional peacekeeping to peace enforcement among warring parties. This book explores the experiences of nine countries (Canada, France, Germany, India, Japan, Norway, Russia, UK and US) in the deployment of armed forces under the UN and NATO, asking who has been and should be accountable to the citizens of these nations, and to the citizens of states who are the object of deployments, for the decisions made in the such military actions. The authors conclude that national-level mechanisms have been most important in assuring democratic accountability of national and international decision-makers.

"These essays are not only individually first-rate, but the collection as a whole is unified and coherent. It moves the arguments about the interrelationships between domestic politics and foreign policy several steps forward."--Robert Jervis, Columbia University

"Shows how an integrative analysis of domestic and international politics can aid understanding of many bilateral negotiations. This suggestive volume is likely to affect research on international negotiations for years to come."--Robert O. Keohane, Harvard University

"Through a diverse set of case studies, "Double-Edged Diplomacy successfully explores the 'two-level games' hypothesis in international negotiations and clearly shows that many international agreements can be understood only in terms of the interaction between domestic politics and international concerns. The net result is an important challenge for international relations theory to reformulate itself by incorporating the rich descrption of international agreements developed in this volume."--Duncan Snidal, University of Chicago