This introduction to first-order logic clearly works out the role of first-order logic in the foundations of mathematics, particularly the two basic questions of the range of the axiomatic method and of theorem-proving by machines. It covers several advanced topics not commonly treated in introductory texts, such as Fraisse's characterization of elementary equivalence, Lindstroem's theorem on the maximality of first-order logic, and the fundamentals of logic programming.

Ernst Zermelo (1871-1953) is regarded as the founder of axiomatic set theory and is best-known for the first formulation of the axiom of choice. However, his papers also include pioneering work in applied mathematics and mathematical physics. This edition of his collected papers consists of two volumes. The present Volume II covers Ernst Zermelo's work on the calculus of variations, applied mathematics, and physics. The papers are each presented in their original language together with an English translation, the versions facing each other on opposite pages. Each paper or coherent group of papers is preceded by an introductory note provided by an acknowledged expert in the field who comments on the historical background, motivation, accomplishments, and influence.

Gert H. Muller The growth of the number of publications in almost all scientific areas, as in the area of (mathematical) logic, is taken as a sign of our scientifically minded culture, but it also has a terrifying aspect. In addition, given the rapidly growing sophistica- tion, specialization and hence subdivision of logic, researchers, students and teachers may have a hard time getting an overview of the existing literature, partic- ularly if they do not have an extensive library available in their neighbourhood: they simply do not even know what to ask for! More specifically, if someone vaguely knows that something vaguely connected with his interests exists some- where in the literature, he may not be able to find it even by searching through the publications scattered in the review journals. Answering this challenge was and is the central motivation for compiling this Bibliography. The Bibliography comprises (presently) the following six volumes (listed with the corresponding Editors): I. Classical Logic W. Rautenberg 11. Non-classical Logics W. Rautenberg 111. Model Theory H. -D. Ebbinghaus IV. Recursion Theory P. G. Hinman V. Set Theory A. R. Blass VI. ProofTheory; Constructive Mathematics J. E. Kister; D. van Dalen & A. S. Troelstra.

This biography attempts to shed light on all facets of Zermelo's life and achievements. Personal and scientific aspects are kept separate as far as coherence allows, in order to enable the reader to follow the one or the other of these threads. The presentation of his work explores motivations, aims, acceptance, and influence. Selected proofs and information gleaned from unpublished notes and letters add to the analysis.

This is a thoroughly revised and enlarged second edition that presents the main results of descriptive complexity theory, that is, the connections between axiomatizability of classes of finite structures and their complexity with respect to time and space bounds. The logics that are important in this context include fixed-point logics, transitive closure logics, and also certain infinitary languages; their model theory is studied in full detail. The book is written in such a way that the respective parts on model theory and descriptive complexity theory may be read independently.

This is a book about numbers - all kinds of numbers, from integers to p-adics, from rationals to octonions, from reals to infinitesimals. Who first used the standard notation for Â? Why was Hamilton obsessed with quaternions? What was the prospect for "quaternionic analysis" in the 19th century? This is the story about one of the major threads of mathematics over thousands of years. It is a story that will give the reader both a glimpse of the mystery surrounding imaginary numbers in the 17th century and also a view of some major developments in the 20th.

Die Mengenlehre ist eine eigenstandige mathematische Disziplin. Zugleich ist sie eine Grundlagendisziplin, die fur alle mathematischen Gebiete ein begriffliches Gerust bereithalt. In dieser Universalitat offenbart sich eine grosse Tragweite des Mengenbegriffs und seiner Axiomatisierung. Die vorliegende Einfuhrung gibt daher nicht nur einen Einblick in die Theorie und belegt deren Bedeutung fur die Mathematik, sie behandelt auch Methoden und Ergebnisse, die auf eine moeglichst weitgehende Rechtfertigung der mengentheoretischen Axiomsysteme zielen. Geschichtliche und erkenntnistheoretische Betrachtungen runden das Bild ab. Das Buch setzt keine spezifischen mathematischen Kenntnisse voraus. Es richtet sich an alle, die an den Grundlagen der Mathematik interessiert und mit Gedankengangen mathematischer Pragung vertraut sind. Rund 200 UEbungsaufgaben mit Loesungshinweisen bieten eine zusatzliche Hilfe, insbesondere dann, wenn man das Buch zur eigenstandigen Erarbeitung des dargebotenen Stoffes nutzen moechte. Die Neuauflage ist vollstandig durchgesehen und enthalt jetzt eine systematische Behandlung der konstruktiblen Hierarchie, die Beweise der relativen Widerspruchsfreiheit des Auswahlaxioms und der Cantorschen Kontinuumshypothese erlaubt.

This introduction to first-order logic clearly works out the role of first-order logic in the foundations of mathematics, particularly the two basic questions of the range of the axiomatic method and of theorem-proving by machines. It covers several advanced topics not commonly treated in introductory texts, such as Fraisse's characterization of elementary equivalence, Lindstroem's theorem on the maximality of first-order logic, and the fundamentals of logic programming.

Was ist ein mathematischer Beweis? Wie lassen sich Beweise rechtfertigen? Gibt es Grenzen der Beweisbarkeit? Ist die Mathematik widerspruchsfrei? Kann man das Auffinden mathematischer Beweise Computern ubertragen? Erst im 20. Jahrhundert ist es der mathematischen Logik gelungen, weitreichende Antworten auf diese Fragen zu geben: Im vorliegenden Werk werden die Ergebnisse systematisch zusammengestellt; im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Logik erster Stufe. Die Lekture setzt - ausser einer gewissen Vertrautheit mit der mathematischen Denkweise - keine spezifischen Kenntnisse voraus. In der vorliegenden 5. Auflage finden sich erstmals Loesungsskizzen zu den Aufgaben.

Die Schwierigkeit Mathematik zu lernen und zu lehren ist jedem bekannt, der einmal mit diesem Fach in Beruhrung gekommen ist. Begriffe wie "reelle oder komplexe Zahlen, Pi" sind zwar jedem gelaufig, aber nur wenige wissen, was sich wirklich dahinter verbirgt. Die Autoren dieses Bandes geben jedem, der mehr wissen will als nur die Hulle der Begriffe, eine meisterhafte Einfuhrung in die Magie der Mathematik und schlagen einzigartige Brucken fur Studenten.

Die Rezensenten der ersten beiden Auflagen uberschlugen sich."

Ernst Zermelo (1871-1953) is regarded as the founder of axiomatic set theory and best-known for the first formulation of the axiom of choice. However, his papers include also pioneering work in applied mathematics and mathematical physics.

This edition of his collected papers will consist of two volumes. Besides providing a biography, the present Volume I covers set theory, the foundations of mathematics, and pure mathematics and is supplemented by selected items from his Nachlass and part of his translations of Homer's Odyssey. Volume II will contain his work in the calculus of variations, applied mathematics, and physics.

The papers are each presented in their original language together with an English translation, the versions facing each other on opposite pages. Each paper or coherent group of papers is preceded by an introductory note provided by an acknowledged expert in the field which comments on the historical background, motivations, accomplishments, and influence.

Ernst Zermelo (1871-1953) is regarded as the founder of axiomatic set theory and best-known for the first formulation of the axiom of choice. However, his papers include also pioneering work in applied mathematics and mathematical physics.

This edition of his collected papers will consist of two volumes. Besides providing a biography, the present Volume I covers set theory, the foundations of mathematics, and pure mathematics and is supplemented by selected items from his Nachlass and part of his translations of Homer's Odyssey. Volume II will contain his work in the calculus of variations, applied mathematics, and physics.

The papers are each presented in their original language together with an English translation, the versions facing each other on opposite pages. Each paper or coherent group of papers is preceded by an introductory note provided by an acknowledged expert in the field which comments on the historical background, motivations, accomplishments, and influence.