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How did all things African disappear from Santo Domingo? How did
a white Hispanic identity instead come to dominate the country's
collective consciousness? Why did Dominican intellectuals, in
trying to create a free and modern society and shield their country
from North American imperialism, reengage Spanish neocolonialism?
In an effort to explore these questions, the author analyzes and
discusses the socio-historical meanings and implications of Pedro
Henriquez Urena's (1884-1946) writings on language. This important
twentieth century Latin American intellectual is an unavoidable
reference in Hispanic Linguistics and Cultural Studies and his
texts make us confront the ideological underpinnings of language,
race, and identity in the context of Latin America and the
pan-Hispanic community.
In this paper we review some of the landscape of research and
development on power and energy as it pertains to the needs of the
Army warfighter. We focus on the battlefield and consider questions
related to vehicles, dismounted soldiers, and forward operating
bases. The literature in the overall field of energy research is
immense; we make no attempt to review all these reports but rather
have looked at a few selected studies that focus on the military
challenges. The context of the study is twofold: the National need
to reduce the use of petroleum-based fuels and the Army's need to
reduce the logistical burden and hazards of moving said fuels on
the battlefield. The conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have
highlighted the danger inherent in transporting supplies over
terrain that is difficult to render safe from terrorist raids and
hidden explosives. The Army seeks to reduce this dependence by
improving the fuel efficiency for uses that cannot now be entirely
supplied by alternatives. These efforts will also provide the
opportunity to save a great deal of money and reduce the number of
personnel in the logistics chain. Needless to say, there will still
be convoys carrying other supplies to forward bases. However, any
reduction in the amount of supplies convoyed will be desirable.
Filled with practical, step-by-step instructions and clear
explanations for the most important and useful tasks. Get the job
done and learn as you go. A how-To book with practical recipes
accompanied with rich screenshots for easy comprehension. "The New
iPad: Using New Features in iOS 6 How-To" is for anyone somewhat
familiar with an iPad but wanting to get an overview of its new
features. A basic understanding of touch devices is good but not
necessary. The recipes walk you through everything you need to know
to accomplish each task. Good for the novice and the expert,
there's something in here for everyone.
This paper examined the changes in the terrorist threat in the
United States (US) and questioned if these changes warrant a
revision of intelligence oversight (IO) limitations on military
counterintelligence (CI) agencies in order to provide greater
security for military bases. The paper demonstrated that the
terrorist threat in the United States increased. Using the
Department of Defense (DoD) methodology to assess terrorist threat
level and applying publicly available information, the terrorist
threat in the US should be assessed as Medium. Most terrorism
experts agree there will be a terrorist attack in the US in the
future. Even taking into account the objections of the General
Accounting Office, most experts agree that a terrorist group will
employ weapons of mass destruction, probably in the US and possibly
against the military. These two assumptions demonstrated that the
risks of failing to prevent a terrorist attack are greater than
ever.
Wastewater treatment represents a continuous challenge for
engineers, environmental scientists and regulators. Today, an
increasing number of new contaminants are being found such as
pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and nanomaterials. In this
book, the authors present current research in the study of the
biological methods, technology and environmental impact of
wastewater treatment processes. Topics include anaerobic membrane
bioreactors for wastewater treatment; ecotoxicological approaches
to assess wastewater's environmental impact to saltwater; EBPR for
wastewater treatment; innovative sequencing batch reactors for
industrial wastewater treatment; PAHs in the water environment; and
cationic tannins as a coagulatnt/flocculant agent.
Since World War II, predictions of science and technology for
military applications have occurred periodically. A study chartered
by the Army Air Force predicted in 1947 a broad range of
developments in aeronautics and air power and has been a model for
such forecasts ever since. Projections in science and technology
have been issued for many years by the National Research Council
(NRC) of the National Academies, which publishes decadal studies
for specific disciplines. Such studies for astronomy and
astrophysics, for example, go back to at least 1964. An important
task of DOD science and technology (S&T) programs is to avoid
technological surprise resulting from the exponential increase in
the pace of discovery and change in S&T worldwide. The nature
of the military threat is also changing, with the result being new
military requirements, some of which can be met by technology.
Shaping the S&T portfolio requires predicting and matching
these two factors well into the future. Some examples of
technologies that have radically affected the battlefield include
the Global Positioning System coupled with inexpensive, handheld
receivers; the microprocessor revolution, which has placed the
power of the Internet and satellite communications in the hands of
soldiers in the field; new sensing capabilities such as night
vision; and composite materials for armor and armaments. Some of
these technologies came from military S&T, some from commercial
developments, and still others from a synthesis of the two sectors,
but all were based on advances in the underlying sciences. Clearly,
leaders and planners in military S&T must keep abreast of such
developments and look ahead as best they can. In the Department of
Defense (DOD), the last series of forecast studies was done in the
1990s. In 2008, National Defense University's Center for Technology
and National Security Policy (CTNSP) assessed the Army's STAR 21
(Strategic Technologies for the Army of the Twenty-First Century)
study,3 in which the basic and applied sciences were assessed and
forecast as separate and discrete disciplines. Future capabilities
were discussed in a separate set of STAR 21 volumes on systems. In
general, the technologies of individual systems were not discussed
with reference to the underlying sciences. This separation of
future capabilities from the underlying S&T forecasts was true
for the studies of all three services.
Evaluating the potential threat posed by advances in biotechnology,
especially genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and synthetic
biology remains a contentious issue. The rapid development of the
tools of molecular biology and metabolic engineering has enabled
the development of chimeric organisms which possess characteristics
which are not native to the wild variant. This is commonplace in
the area of biomanufacturing, where genes are introduced into
organisms such as E coli and products manufactured via large-scale
fermentation. More recently, entire metabolic pathways, albeit of
limited complexity, have been engineered into organisms, for
example, for the production of artemisinin in yeast.2 In addition
to such metabolic engineering projects, whole genomes are being
sequenced, leading to the possibility of creating organisms de
novo.
Living systems are capable of manufacturing processes, molecular
recognition and other complex functions which cannot be replicated
by synthetic chemistry or other industrial technologies. Cells
routinely manufacture monodisperse nanoscale structures and
assemble molecular machines, carry out biochemical reactions and
production processes of great complexity, and interact with the
environment in an adaptive and emergent manner. Biotic (i.e.,
living) system s can be labile and, by their nature, difficult to
precisely control. The ability to elucidate key metabolic pathways
and to replicate their functional properties in a synthetic (i.e.,
abiotic) format will ultimately permit the design of completely
artificial systems with abilities similar to those of a biotic
system but with the advantages of precise process control and
enhanced ruggedness. This will have profound implications for the
many and varied missions of the Department of Defense (DOD) which
include, but are not limited to, small-scale power and energy,
lightweight flexible armor, on-demand manufacture of high-value
products such as pharmaceuticals, low observable materials and-the
subject of this paper-chemical and biological defense (CBD).
Paul Ricoeur is one of the most important modern literary theorists
and a philosopher of world renown. This collection brings together
his published articles, papers, reviews, and interviews that focus
on literary theory and criticism. The first of four sections
includes early pieces that explore the philosophical foundations
for a post-structural hermeneutics. The second contains reviews and
essays in which Ricoeur engages in debate over some of the central
themes of literary theory, including figuration/configuration and
narrativity. In the third section are later essays on
post-structuralist hermeneutics, and in the fourth, interviews in
which he discusses text, language, and myths. Mario Valdes provides
an introduction to the literary theories of Paul Ricoeur and the
works in this collection particularly. He also includes a complete
bibliography of Ricoeur's works that have appeared in English.
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