This book focuses on ecological damage: the damage to private natural resources which have an ecological value in excess of their market value and the damage to public natural resources. Its aim is to design a compensation system, taking into account the interaction between regulation, liability rules and compensation mechanisms (such as liability insurance, direct insurance, risk-sharing agreements, environmental funds, other guarantees and capital markets), to both prevent and compensate for ecological damage. Three new compensation models are proposed in this research, mainly based on the desirability and feasibility of a mandatory financial security system. In addition to briefly exploring the existing experience in the US, the EU and international regimes, this book also provides both theoretical and empirical research on the Chinese compensation system, which the existing literature has largely neglected. This book will be of interest to legal scholars, environmental agencies and insurers, and students.

This edited book explores the complex and multifaceted connections between education and migration in an Asian context from multiple perspectives. It features studies from China, Japan, India, the Philippines, Thailand, and Timor-Leste and covers diverse migration and education experiences. These experiences encompass internal and international migration and forced displacement, as well as questions surrounding education such as school choice, education provision and training as human capital; education and social inclusion; and student performance in a post-conflict context. By covering a wide range of questions and situations, the original scholarship in this book reveals how human development concerns and higher rates of movement within and outside of Asian countries operate on multiple levels in a globalized world.

This book introduces the linkage between evolutionary computation and complex networks and the advantages of cross-fertilising ideas from both fields. Instead of introducing each field individually, the authors focus on the research that sits at the interface of both fields. The book is structured to address two questions: (1) how complex networks are used to analyze and improve the performance of evolutionary computation methods? (2) how evolutionary computation methods are used to solve problems in complex networks? The authors interweave complex networks and evolutionary computing, using evolutionary computation to discover community structure, while also using network analysis techniques to analyze the performance of evolutionary algorithms. The book is suitable for both beginners and senior researchers in the fields of evolutionary computation and complex networks.

This book analyses the drivers of specific common pool resource problems, particularly in fisheries and forestry, examining the way in which private and public regulation have intervened to fight the common pool resource problem by contributing to the establishment and maintenance of property rights. It focuses on the various forms of regulation that have been put in place to protect fisheries and forestry over the past decades - both from a theoretical as well as from a policy perspective - comparing the concrete interaction of legal and policy instruments in eight separate jurisdictions.

The aim of the book is to lay out the foundations and provide a detailed treatment of the subject. It will focus on two main elements in dual phase evolution: the relationship between dual phase evolution and other phase transition phenomena and the advantages of dual phase evolution in evolutionary computation and complex adaptive systems. The book will provide a coherent picture of dual phase evolution that encompasses these two elements and frameworks, methods and techniques to use this concept for problem solving.

Since their discovery more than a decade ago, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have held scientists and engineers in captive fascination, seated on the verge of enormous breakthroughs in areas such as medicine, electronics, and materials science, to name but a few. Taking a broad look at CNTs and the tools used to study them, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications comprises the efforts of leading nanotube researchers led by Michael O'Connell, protege of the late father of nanotechnology, Richard Smalley. Each chapter is a self-contained treatise on various aspects of CNT synthesis, characterization, modification, and applications.

The book opens with a general introduction to the basic characteristics and the history of CNTs, followed by discussions on synthesis methods and the growth of "peapod" structures. Coverage then moves to electronic properties and band structures of single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs), magnetic properties, Raman spectroscopy of electronic and chemical behavior, and electromechanical properties and applications in NEMS (nanoelectromechanical systems). Turning to applications, the final sections of the book explore mechanical properties of SWNTs spun into fibers, sidewall functionalization in composites, and using SWNTs as tips for scanning probe microscopes.

Taking a fresh look at this burgeoning field, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications points the way toward making CNTs commercially viable.

China entered the 20th century as an agrarian society, weakened under internal and external pressures. Revolutionaries came together to bring down the last imperial dynasty but quickly split over the direction of reconstruction. Civil wars ensued, followed by WWI.  The fate of the country appeared to be in the hands of industrial powers like Britain, Germany, Japan, the Soviet Union, and the United States. All seemed lost when Japan seized all Chinese seaports, railways, industries, and fertile farmland. Yet Chinese resistance continued for eight years and the entire society was mobilized. After decades of struggling, China finally regained independence that laid the foundation for its own modernization.

This book presents selected papers from the 11th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (ISHVAC 2019), with a focus on HVAC techniques for improving indoor environment quality and the energy efficiency of heating and cooling systems. Presenting inspiration for implementing more efficient and safer HVAC systems, the book is a valuable resource for academic researchers, engineers in industry, and government regulators.

This book discusses the core principles and practical applications of a brand new machine category: liquid-metal soft machines and motors. After a brief introduction on the conventional soft robot and its allied materials, it presents the new conceptual liquid-metal machine, which revolutionizes existing rigid robots, both large and small. It outlines the typical features of the soft liquid-metal materials and describes the various transformation capabilities, mergence of separate metal droplets, self-rotation and planar locomotion of liquid-metal objects under external or internal mechanism. Further, it introduces a series of unusual phenomena discovered while developing the shape changeable smart soft machine and interprets the related mechanisms regarding the effects of the shape, size, voltage, orientation and geometries of the external fields to control the liquid-metal transformers. Moreover, the book illustrates typical strategies to construct a group of different advanced functional liquid-metal soft machines, since such machines or robots are hard to fabricate using rigid-metal or conventional materials. With highly significant fundamental and practical findings, this book is intended for researchers interested in establishing a general method for making future smart soft machine and accompanying robots.

The fourth volume in a series, builds on philosophical, economic, and political ideas introduced in the previous volumes. This is the only comic or graphic novel of its kind that addresses Chinese history both accessibly and accurately for all age levels. Taps into librarians, educators, and parents who are looking for ways to get students and children reading about China, and who are often looking for such resources themselves too. This is THE go-to graphic novel resource on China. Not just an informative read though, this book is also full of gripping narratives about dynastic struggles, fierce battles, and colorful characters. Already blurbed by Amy Tan, the author is a well-known figure in expat communities in China, having worked with The BBC, The Ford Foundation, and UNICEF. A previous edition of a volume in this series published on CreateSpace was a 2012 INDIEFAB Book of the Year Award Finalist in Graphic Novels and Comics and was featured on Jeremy Paxman's BBC Newsnight.

This edited book explores the complex and multifaceted connections between education and migration in an Asian context from multiple perspectives. It features studies from China, Japan, India, the Philippines, Thailand, and Timor-Leste and covers diverse migration and education experiences. These experiences encompass internal and international migration and forced displacement, as well as questions surrounding education such as school choice, education provision and training as human capital; education and social inclusion; and student performance in a post-conflict context. By covering a wide range of questions and situations, the original scholarship in this book reveals how human development concerns and higher rates of movement within and outside of Asian countries operate on multiple levels in a globalized world.

An Introduction to Interdisciplinary Toxicology: From Molecules to Man integrates the various aspects of toxicology, from "simple" molecular systems, to complex human communities, with expertise from a spectrum of interacting disciplines. Chapters are written by specialists within a given subject, such as a chemical engineer, nutritional scientist, or a microbiologist, so subjects are clearly explained and discussed within the toxicology context. Many chapters are comparative across species so that students in ecotoxicology learn mammalian toxicology and vice versa. Specific citations, further reading, study questions, and other learning features are also included. The book allows students to concurrently learn concepts in both biomedical and environmental toxicology fields, thus better equipping them for the many career opportunities toxicology provides. This book will also be useful to those wishing to reference how disciplines interact within the broad field of toxicology.

The aim of the book is to lay out the foundations and provide a detailed treatment of the subject. It will focus on two main elements in dual phase evolution: the relationship between dual phase evolution and other phase transition phenomena and the advantages of dual phase evolution in evolutionary computation and complex adaptive systems. The book will provide a coherent picture of dual phase evolution that encompasses these two elements and frameworks, methods and techniques to use this concept for problem solving.

Who founded China? Are Chinese people religious? What is Chinese culture and how has it changed over time? The accessible and fun Understanding China Through Comics series answers those questions and more. For all ages, Foundations of Chinese Civilization covers China's early history in comic form, introducing philosophies like Confucianism and Daoism, the story of the Silk Road, famous emperors like Han Wudi, and the process of China's unification. Includes a handy timeline. This is volume one of the Understanding China Through Comics series. Jing Liu is a Beijing native now living in Davis, California. A successful designer and entrepreneur who helped brands tell their stories, Jing currently uses his artistry to tell the story of China.

This is volume I of the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Natural Computation, ICNC 2006. After a demanding review process 168 carefully revised full papers and 86 revised short papers were selected from 1915 submissions for presentation in two volumes. This first volume includes 130 papers related to artificial neural networks, natural neural systems and cognitive science, neural network applications, as well as evolutionary computation: theory and algorithms.

The two volume set LNCS 4221 and LNCS 4222 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Natural Computation, ICNC 2006, held in Xi'an, China, in September 2006 as a joint event in federation with the Third International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery FSKD 2006 (LNAI 4223).

After a demanding review process 168 carefully revised full papers and 86 revised short papers were selected from 1915 submissions for presentation in two volumes. The first volume includes 130 papers related to artificial neural networks, natural neural systems and cognitive science, neural network applications, as well as evolutionary computation: theory and algorithms. The 124 papers in the second volume are orgainzed in topical sections on other topics in natural computation, natural computation techniques applications, hardware, and cross-disciplinary topics.

"An excellent introduction to the large trends of early Chinese history; ideal for those new to the subject."--School Library Journal (review of volume 1) This latest volume in the Understanding China Through Comics series tells of the disintegration of the Tang Dynasty and of the founding of the Song Dynasty. It details the Song's attempts to reinvigorate a flagging economy and government while defending against the invasion of China by the barbarians and by the Mongols led by Genghis Khan. An informative and accessible middle school history volume with solid details and engaging artwork. Jing Liu is a Beijing-based designer and entrepreneur.

This book analyses the drivers of specific common pool resource problems, particularly in fisheries and forestry, examining the way in which private and public regulation have intervened to fight the common pool resource problem by contributing to the establishment and maintenance of property rights. It focuses on the various forms of regulation that have been put in place to protect fisheries and forestry over the past decades - both from a theoretical as well as from a policy perspective - comparing the concrete interaction of legal and policy instruments in eight separate jurisdictions.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Mobile Computing, Applications, and Services, MobiCASE 2020, held in Shanghai, China, in September 2020. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 15 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 49 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on mobile application and framework; mobile application with data analysis; and AI application.

This book presents selected papers from the 11th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (ISHVAC 2019), with a focus on HVAC techniques for improving indoor environment quality and the energy efficiency of heating and cooling systems. Presenting inspiration for implementing more efficient and safer HVAC systems, the book is a valuable resource for academic researchers, engineers in industry, and government regulators.

This book introduces the linkage between evolutionary computation and complex networks and the advantages of cross-fertilising ideas from both fields. Instead of introducing each field individually, the authors focus on the research that sits at the interface of both fields. The book is structured to address two questions: (1) how complex networks are used to analyze and improve the performance of evolutionary computation methods? (2) how evolutionary computation methods are used to solve problems in complex networks? The authors interweave complex networks and evolutionary computing, using evolutionary computation to discover community structure, while also using network analysis techniques to analyze the performance of evolutionary algorithms. The book is suitable for both beginners and senior researchers in the fields of evolutionary computation and complex networks.

This book discusses the core principles and practical applications of a brand new machine category: liquid-metal soft machines and motors. After a brief introduction on the conventional soft robot and its allied materials, it presents the new conceptual liquid-metal machine, which revolutionizes existing rigid robots, both large and small. It outlines the typical features of the soft liquid-metal materials and describes the various transformation capabilities, mergence of separate metal droplets, self-rotation and planar locomotion of liquid-metal objects under external or internal mechanism. Further, it introduces a series of unusual phenomena discovered while developing the shape changeable smart soft machine and interprets the related mechanisms regarding the effects of the shape, size, voltage, orientation and geometries of the external fields to control the liquid-metal transformers. Moreover, the book illustrates typical strategies to construct a group of different advanced functional liquid-metal soft machines, since such machines or robots are hard to fabricate using rigid-metal or conventional materials. With highly significant fundamental and practical findings, this book is intended for researchers interested in establishing a general method for making future smart soft machine and accompanying robots.

The twentieth century offered up countless visions of domestic life, from the aspirational to the radical. Whether it was the dream of the fully mechanised home or the notion that technology might free us from home altogether, the domestic realm was a site of endless invention and speculation. But what happened to those visions? Are the smart homes of today the future that architects and designers once predicted, or has 'home' proved resistant to radical change? Home Futures: Living in Yesterday's Tomorrow -accompanying a major Design Museum exhibition of the same title-explores a number of different attitudes toward domestic life, tracing the social and technological developments that have driven change in the home. It proposes that we are already living in yesterday's tomorrow, just not in the way anyone predicted. This book begins with a lavishly illustrated catalogue portraying the 'home futures' of the twentieth century and beyond, from the work of Ettore Sottsass and Joe Colombo to Google's recent forays into the smart home. The catalogue is followed by a reader consisting of newly commissioned essays by writers such as Dan Hill and Justin McGuirk, which explore the changes in the domestic realm in relation to space, technology, society, economy and psychology.

The second volume in a 5-volume series, builds on philosophical, economic, and political ideas introduced in first volume, e.g. the dynastic cycle, Buddhism, Confucianism, taxation. This book works as a stand-alone title. Gives readers solid grounding in important Jin, Sui, and Tang dynasties, as well as Three Kingdoms period. This is the only comic or graphic novel of its kind that addresses Chinese history both accessibly and accurately for all age levels. Taps into librarians, educators, and parents who are looking for ways to get students and children reading about China, and who are often looking for such resources themselves too. This can be the go-to graphic novel resource on China. Not just an informative read though, this book is also full of gripping narratives about dynastic struggles, fierce battles, and colorful characters. Already blurbed by Amy Tan, the author is a well-known figure in expat communities in China, having worked with The BBC, The Ford Foundation, and UNICEF, and has contacts in English-speaking media who will help promote. A previous edition of a volume in this series published on CreateSpace was a 2012 INDIEFAB Book of the Year Award Finalist in Graphic Novels and Comics and was featured on Jeremy Paxman's BBC Newsnight.

This compendium summarizes the core principles and practical applications of a brand-new advanced chip cooling category - liquid metal cooling. It illustrates the science and art of room temperature liquid metal enabled cooling for chip, device and system. The concise volume features unique scientific and practical merits, and clarified intriguing liquid metal coolant or medium behaviors in making new generation powerful cooling system.With both uniquely important fundamental and practical values, this useful reference text benefits researchers to set up their foundation and then find new ways of making advanced cooling system to fulfil the increasingly urgent needs in modern highly integrated chip industry.