The enormous financial cost of criminal justice has motivated increased scrutiny and recognition of the need for constructive change, but what of the ethical costs of current practices and policies? Moreover, if we seriously value the principles of liberal democracy then there is no question that the ethics of criminal justice are everybody's business, concerns for the entire society. The Routledge Handbook of Criminal Justice Ethics brings together international scholars to explore the most significant ethical issues throughout their many areas of expertise, anchoring their discussions in the empirical realities of the issues faced rather than applying moral theory at a distance. Contributions from philosophers, legal scholars, criminologists and psychologists bring a fresh and interdisciplinary approach to the field. The Handbook is divided into three parts: Part I addresses the core issues concerning criminal sanction, the moral and political aspects of the justification of punishment, and the relationship between law and morality. Part II examines criminalization and criminal liability, and the assumptions and attitudes shaping those aspects of contemporary criminal justice. Part III evaluates current policies and practices of criminal procedure, exploring the roles of police, prosecutors, judges, and juries and suggesting directions for revising how criminal justice is achieved. Throughout, scholars seek pathways for change and suggest new solutions to address the central concerns of criminal justice ethics. This book is an ideal resource for upper-undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in criminal justice ethics, criminology, and criminal justice theory, and also for students of philosophy interested in punishment, law and society, and law and ethics.

What does it mean to trust the police? What makes the police legitimate in the eyes of the policed? What builds trust, legitimacy and cooperation, and what undermines the bond between police and the public? These questions are central to current debates concerning the relationship between the British police and the public it serves. Yet, in the context of British policing they are seldom asked explicitly, still less examined in depth. Drawing on psychological and sociological explanatory paradigms, Just Authority? presents a cutting-edge empirical study into public trust, police legitimacy, and people's readiness to cooperate with officers. It represents, first, the most detailed test to date of Tom Tyler's procedural justice model attempted outside the United States. Second, it uncovers the social ecology of trust and legitimacy and, third, it describes the relationships between trust, legitimacy and cooperation. This book contains many important lessons for practitioners, policy-makers and academics. As elsewhere the dominant vision of policing in Great Britain continues to stress instrumental effectiveness: the 'fight against crime' will be won by pro-active and even aggressive policing. In line with work from the United States and elsewhere, Just Authority? casts significant doubt on such claims. When people find policing to be unfair, disrespectful and careless of human dignity, not only is trust lost, legitimacy is also damaged and cooperation is withdrawn as a result. Absent such public support, the job of the police is made harder and the avowed objectives of less crime and disorder placed ever further from reach.

What does it mean to trust the police? What makes the police legitimate in the eyes of the policed? What builds trust, legitimacy and cooperation, and what undermines the bond between police and the public? These questions are central to current debates concerning the relationship between the British police and the public it serves. Yet, in the context of British policing they are seldom asked explicitly, still less examined in depth.

Drawing on psychological and sociological explanatory paradigms, Just Authority? presents a cutting-edge empirical study into public trust, police legitimacy, and people's readiness to cooperate with officers. It represents, first, the most detailed test to date of Tom Tyler's procedural justice model attempted outside the United States. Second, it uncovers the social ecology of trust and legitimacy and, third, it describes the relationships between trust, legitimacy and cooperation.

This book contains many important lessons for practitioners, policy-makers and academics. As elsewhere the dominant vision of policing in Great Britain continues to stress instrumental effectiveness: the 'fight against crime' will be won by pro-active and even aggressive policing. In line with work from the United States and elsewhere, Just Authority? casts significant doubt on such claims. When people find policing to be unfair, disrespectful and careless of human dignity, not only is trust lost, legitimacy is also damaged and cooperation is withdrawn as a result. Absent such public support, the job of the police is made harder and the avowed objectives of less crime and disorder placed ever further from reach.

The enormous financial cost of criminal justice has motivated increased scrutiny and recognition of the need for constructive change, but what of the ethical costs of current practices and policies? Moreover, if we seriously value the principles of liberal democracy then there is no question that the ethics of criminal justice are everybody's business, concerns for the entire society. The Routledge Handbook of Criminal Justice Ethics brings together international scholars to explore the most significant ethical issues throughout their many areas of expertise, anchoring their discussions in the empirical realities of the issues faced rather than applying moral theory at a distance. Contributions from philosophers, legal scholars, criminologists and psychologists bring a fresh and interdisciplinary approach to the field. The Handbook is divided into three parts: Part I addresses the core issues concerning criminal sanction, the moral and political aspects of the justification of punishment, and the relationship between law and morality. Part II examines criminalization and criminal liability, and the assumptions and attitudes shaping those aspects of contemporary criminal justice. Part III evaluates current policies and practices of criminal procedure, exploring the roles of police, prosecutors, judges, and juries and suggesting directions for revising how criminal justice is achieved. Throughout, scholars seek pathways for change and suggest new solutions to address the central concerns of criminal justice ethics. This book is an ideal resource for upper-undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in criminal justice ethics, criminology, and criminal justice theory, and also for students of philosophy interested in punishment, law and society, and law and ethics.

The fear of crime has been recognized as an important social problem in its own right, with a significant number of citizens in many countries concerned about crime. In this book, the authors critically review the main findings from over 35 years of research into attitudes to crime, highlighting groups who are most fearful of crime and exploring the theories used to account for that fear. Using this research, the authors move on to propose a new model for the fear of crime, arguing that such methods, which involve intensity questions (such as 'how worried are you about x ...'), may actually conflate an 'expressive' or 'attitudinal' component of the fear of crime with an experiential component and therefore fail to provide a comprehensive insight into how crime is perceived.
Taking an entirely new approach to their subject, the authors use existing quantitative data from the British Crime Survey to pose theoretically informed questions to help identify those who only 'expressively' fear crime, separating them from those who have the actual experience of worrying about crime. By exploring the extent to which each group has different social attitudes and backgrounds, and whether there is more than one social/cultural form of the fear of crime, this innovative and exciting title promises to reposition this aspect of criminology to a more prominent place.

The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars.Delve into what it was like to live during the eighteenth century by reading the first-hand accounts of everyday people, including city dwellers and farmers, businessmen and bankers, artisans and merchants, artists and their patrons, politicians and their constituents. Original texts make the American, French, and Industrial revolutions vividly contemporary.++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++<sourceLibrary>Library of Congress<ESTCID>W028300<Notes>Attributed to Jackson by Evans and the Library of Congress. Also attributed to George Richards Minot and James Sullivan.<imprintFull>Printed at Worcester, Massachusetts: by Isaiah Thomas, MDCCLXXXVIII. 1788]. <collation>209, 1] p.; 8

A collection of Jackson's letters from prison, "Soledad Brother" is an outspoken condemnation of the racism of white America and a powerful appraisal of the prison system that failed to break his spirit but eventually took his life. Jackson's letters make palpable the intense feelings of anger and rebellion that filled black men in America's prisons in the 1960s. But even removed from the social and political firestorms of the 1960s, Jackson's story still resonates for its portrait of a man taking a stand even while locked down.

Quantity Discounts surveys operations management literature and offers ways to bridge remaining gaps between research and practice. The authors include formulas and solution methods for some of the fundamental quantity discount scenarios from both buyers' and sellers' perspectives. Sample solution methods provide enough detail to enable implementation by managers, and they provide a flavor of the variety and complexity of some of the core techniques appearing in the literature. Section 2 describes quantity discount conditions and realities, including the many reasons why companies offer them, the various quantity discount characteristics, results from surveys of practicing mangers, and a sampling of real-world discounts appearing in the literature. Section 3 provides a literature review for buyer's perspective models, while Section 4 provides a review for seller's perspective models. Section 5 concludes with several recommendations for future research. Finally, especially designed for instructors and practitioners, the Appendix illustrates how to implement several standard quantity discount models into Microsoft Excel with relative ease.

All 21 episodes from the fourth season of the American TV drama that delves into the lives of the stars who live in the capital of country music. In this season, Rayna (Connie Britton) signs rock star Markus Keen (Riley Smith) to her Highway 65 record label in an attempt to boost its profile, while Juliette (Hayden Panettiere)'s behaviour becomes increasingly irrational as she struggles with symptoms of postpartum depression. The episodes are: 'Can't Let Go', ''Til the Pain Outwears the Shame', 'How Can I Help You Say Goodbye', 'The Slender Threads That Bind Us', 'Stop the World (And Let Me Off)', 'Please Help Me, I'm Fallin'', 'Can't Get Used to Losing You', 'Unguarded Moments', 'Three's a Crowd', 'We've Got Nothing But Love to Prove', 'Forever and for Always', 'How Does It Feel to Be Free', 'If I Could Do It All Again', 'What I Cannot Change', 'When There's a Fire in Your Heart', 'Didn't Expect It to Go Down This Way', 'Baby Come Home', 'The Trouble With the Truth', 'After You've Gone', 'It's Sure Gonna Hurt' and 'Maybe You'll Appreciate Me Someday'.

All 21 episodes from the first series of the American TV drama that delves into the lives of the stars who live in the capital of country music. With sales plummeting and her star beginning to fade, country music singer Rayna Jaymes (Connie Britton)'s record label proposes that she tries opening for hot, new up-and-coming star Juliette Barnes (Hayden Panettiere). But with both women viewing the other with contempt, their mutual animosity is soon heightened as each tries to recruit guitarist Deacon Claybourne (Charles Esten), Rayna's bandmate and former lover, onto their tour. The episodes are: 'Pilot', 'I Can't Help It (If I'm Still in Love With You)', 'Someday You'll Call My Name', 'We Live in Two Different Worlds', 'Move It On Over', 'You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave)', 'Lovesick Blues', 'Where He Leads Me', 'Be Careful of the Stones You Throw', 'I'm Sorry for You, My Friend', 'You Win Again', 'I've Been Down That Road Before', 'There'll Be No Teardrops Tonight', 'Dear Brother', 'When You're Tired of Breaking Other Hearts', 'I Saw the Light', 'My Heart Would Know', 'Take These Chains from My Heart', 'Why Don't You Love Me', 'A Picture from Life's Other Side' and 'I'll Never Get Out of This World Alive'.

There are so many different subsets of Java across the Java Platform-Java SE, Java EE, Java ME, Java FX-that it's hard to know where to start. The answer is right here! Getting StartED with Java is a complete beginner's guide to the Java Platform that cuts through all of the confusion and guides you through creating applications in Java. The beauty of Java is that once you've learned the basics of the language, you can write applications to run on anything from your desktop PC, to your mobile phone, to the Internet. You will come to grips with the Java Development Kit and follow step-by-step examples to learn how to write your first programs in Java. * Absolute beginner's guide to the Java language * Clear, friendly, no-nonsense approach cuts through the jargon * A wealth of step-by-step examples and sample programs to get you started with Java What you'll learn* What the Java Platform is, and how the different parts of it fit together * How to install the Java Development Kit and the Java Runtime Environment * The basics of programming from the ground up with jargon-free explanation * How to write applications using Java that will run on almost any device * The fundamentals of object-oriented programming-a structured style of programming that isn't as hard as you think * How to create web applications in Java, and the basics of Java FX Who this book is for This book is for anyone wanting to understand what Java is, whether they intend to program or not, and anyone intending to begin programming in the Java language.