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Thisvolumereportsthemajorpartofthescientificcontributionsofthefirstinternational
workshoponSuperconductingNano-ElectronicsDevices(SNED)heldinNapoli,Italy,at
theendofMay2001.
Theaimoftheworkshopwastofocusonrecentexperimentalandtheoreticalresultsin
thefieldofsuperconductingnano-electronicsdevices.
Itcombinedphysicswithpresent
andfuturetechnologicalapplications:bothfundamentalandappliedaspectswerecovered.
SpecialemphasiswasgiventoquantumcoherenceandcomputationusingsmallJosephson
junctions,noiseinultrasensitivenanodevicesandpossibilitiesofmakinguseofsupercon-
ductivityinvariouson-chipdevices.
Withtheseattributesandwithrecognizedinvited
speakersintheirspecialtiestheworkshopmanagedtobringtogetheracollectionof
scientistsfromnearbybutdistinctresearchcommunities.
Thiswaytheatmosphereofthe
workshopbecameveryopenanddiscussionswerelivelybothduringandoutsidethe
sessions.
Thisfreshdiscussionhopefullygaveeveryparticipantalotofnewideasfor
furtherworkbackintheirhomeinstitutes.
OneofthecentraltopicsintheworkshopwastheuseofdifferentJosephsonjunction
configurationsasimplementationsofquantumbits.
Atthetimeoftheworkshopwewere
justwaitingforthesecondwaveofbreakthroughsinthisfield:theresultsemergingfrom
theparticipatinglaboratoriesoftheworkshopjustatthetimeofthewritingofthispreface
perhapsalsoprovetheusefulnessofourworkshop.
Anotherfocuswasonvarioustopicsrelatedtoultrasensativedetectors.
Theybring
quantumlimitationstoapplications,andmanydeviceconceptsareresultsofunderstanding
fundamentalandexcitingphenomenainsuperconductivity.
Noiseandon-chipcooling
wereexplicitlydiscussedinthedetectorsessionsaswell.
ThechoiceofthelocationrecognizestheroleandthetraditionsofNapoliespeciallyin
thefieldofmacroscopicquantumcoherence,oneofthemainissuesoftheworkshop.
It
furtherguaranteedtheparticipantsastimulatingatmosphereatthemeeting.
Inconclusion,wewishtothanktheIstitutoItalianopergliStudiFilosofici,theIstituto
diCiberneticadelConsiglioNazionaledelleRicerche,theUniversityofJyviiskylii,the
IstitutoNazionalediFisicaNucleare,theIstitutoNazionalediFisicadellaMateria,the
DipartimentoScienzeFisiche,andtheRettoratodell'UniversitadiNapoli"FedericoII"
fortheirsupport.
ThanksarealsoduetoAirLiquide,CRY,Nanoway,OxfordInstruments,
andRaith.
ThisinitiativeisintheframeoftheinternationalactivityofMQC2Association
on"MacroscopicQuantumCoherenceandComputing. "WeareindebtedtoC.
Granata v vi PREFACE and V. Coratoforscientificassistance,andtoF.
Caiazzo,E. DeGrazia,andA. M.
Mazzarellafortheirvaluableassistanceinallthetasksconnectedtotheorganizationofthe
Workshop. WearealsogratefultoL. Longobardi,A. Monaco,S.
Piscitelli,andS. Rombetto forhintsandhelpduringtheWorkshop.
ThanksareduetoL. DeFelice,S. Luongo,and V.
Sindonifortheorganizationofthesocialevent. J. Pekola B. Ruggiero P.
Silvestrini CONTENTS QuantumNondemolitionMeasurementsofaQubit . D.
V. Averin BayesianQuantumMeasurementofaSingle-Cooper-PairQubit 11
A. Korotkov lIfNoiseinJosephsonQubits 15 E. Paladino, L. Faoro,G.
Falci,and R. Fazio
SwitchingCurrentsandQuasi-ParticlePoisoningintheSuperconducting
SingleElectronTransistor 25 P. Agren,J. Walter,V. Sch611mann,andD.
B. Haviland JosephsonSystemsforQuantumCoherenceExperiments 33 V.
Corato,C. Granata, L. Longobardi,M. Russo,B. Ruggiero, andP.
Silvestrini SolidStateAnalogueofDoubleSlitInterferometer...43 K.
Yu. Arutyunov, T. T. Hongisto,andJ. P. Pekola
NoiseandMicrowavePropertiesofSET-Transistors...53 M. Ejrnres,M. T.
Savolainen,andJ. Mygind UseofSmallThnnelJunctionsOperatingatT=0. 3K
63 R. Leoni,M. G. Castellano,F. Chiarello,andG. Torrioli
AHystericSingleCooperPairTransistorforSingleShotReadingof 73
aCharge-Qubit A. Cottet,D. Vion,P. Joyez,D. Esteve,andM. H. Devoret
SingleCooperPairElectrometerBasedonaRadio-Frequency-SQUID Scheme 87
A. B. Zorin vii viii CONTENTS
PossibilityofSingle-ElectronDevicesandSuperconductingCoherence 97
Yu. A. Pashkin, Y. Nakamura,T. Yamamoto,andJ. S. Tsai
Frequency-LockedCurrentofCooperPairsinSuperconductingSingle
ElectronTransistorwithOhmicResistor...105 S. V. Lotkhov,S. A.
Bogoslovsky, A. B. Zorin,andJ. Niemeyer
SetupforExperimentsontheSupercurrent-PhaseRelationinBloch
Transistors-StatusandPossibleApplications 115 M. Gotz, V. V.
Khanin, A. B. Zorin,E. Il'ichev,S. A. Bogoslovsky, andJ. Niemeyer
Single-ElectronTransistorsintheRegimeofHighConductance...123 C.
Wallisser,B;Limblach,P. yomStein,and R. Schiifer
SuperconductingTransistor-EdgeSensorsforTime&EnergyResolved
Single-PhotonCountersandforDarkMatterSearches 133 B. Cabrera
OptimizationoftheHot-ElectronBolometerandaCascadeQuasiparticle 145
L. Kuzrnin
NoiseinRefrigeratingTunnelJunctionsandinMicrobolometers...153 D. V.
Anghel NonequilibriumQuasiparticlesandElectronCoolingbyNormalMetal-
SuperconductorTunnelJunctions...165 D. Golubevand A. Vasenko
MesoscopicJosephsonJunctionsCoupledtoWeakCoherentFields:
AnExampleofReciprocalDetection 175 R. Miglioreand A. Messina
DynamicsofSuperconductingInterferometersContainingPi-Junctions 183
V. K. Kornev, I. I. Soloviev, I. V. Borisenko,P. B. Mozhaev, andG.
A.
Thisvolumereportsthemajorpartofthescientificcontributionsofthefirstinternational
workshoponSuperconductingNano-ElectronicsDevices(SNED)heldinNapoli,Italy,at
theendofMay2001.
Theaimoftheworkshopwastofocusonrecentexperimentalandtheoreticalresultsin
thefieldofsuperconductingnano-electronicsdevices.
Itcombinedphysicswithpresent
andfuturetechnologicalapplications:bothfundamentalandappliedaspectswerecovered.
SpecialemphasiswasgiventoquantumcoherenceandcomputationusingsmallJosephson
junctions,noiseinultrasensitivenanodevicesandpossibilitiesofmakinguseofsupercon-
ductivityinvariouson-chipdevices.
Withtheseattributesandwithrecognizedinvited
speakersintheirspecialtiestheworkshopmanagedtobringtogetheracollectionof
scientistsfromnearbybutdistinctresearchcommunities.
Thiswaytheatmosphereofthe
workshopbecameveryopenanddiscussionswerelivelybothduringandoutsidethe
sessions.
Thisfreshdiscussionhopefullygaveeveryparticipantalotofnewideasfor
furtherworkbackintheirhomeinstitutes.
OneofthecentraltopicsintheworkshopwastheuseofdifferentJosephsonjunction
configurationsasimplementationsofquantumbits.
Atthetimeoftheworkshopwewere
justwaitingforthesecondwaveofbreakthroughsinthisfield:theresultsemergingfrom
theparticipatinglaboratoriesoftheworkshopjustatthetimeofthewritingofthispreface
perhapsalsoprovetheusefulnessofourworkshop.
Anotherfocuswasonvarioustopicsrelatedtoultrasensativedetectors.
Theybring
quantumlimitationstoapplications,andmanydeviceconceptsareresultsofunderstanding
fundamentalandexcitingphenomenainsuperconductivity.
Noiseandon-chipcooling
wereexplicitlydiscussedinthedetectorsessionsaswell.
ThechoiceofthelocationrecognizestheroleandthetraditionsofNapoliespeciallyin
thefieldofmacroscopicquantumcoherence,oneofthemainissuesoftheworkshop.
It
furtherguaranteedtheparticipantsastimulatingatmosphereatthemeeting.
Inconclusion,wewishtothanktheIstitutoItalianopergliStudiFilosofici,theIstituto
diCiberneticadelConsiglioNazionaledelleRicerche,theUniversityofJyviiskylii,the
IstitutoNazionalediFisicaNucleare,theIstitutoNazionalediFisicadellaMateria,the
DipartimentoScienzeFisiche,andtheRettoratodell'UniversitadiNapoli"FedericoII"
fortheirsupport.
ThanksarealsoduetoAirLiquide,CRY,Nanoway,OxfordInstruments,
andRaith.
ThisinitiativeisintheframeoftheinternationalactivityofMQC2Association
on"MacroscopicQuantumCoherenceandComputing. "WeareindebtedtoC.
Granata v vi PREFACE and V. Coratoforscientificassistance,andtoF.
Caiazzo,E. DeGrazia,andA. M.
Mazzarellafortheirvaluableassistanceinallthetasksconnectedtotheorganizationofthe
Workshop. WearealsogratefultoL. Longobardi,A. Monaco,S.
Piscitelli,andS. Rombetto forhintsandhelpduringtheWorkshop.
ThanksareduetoL. DeFelice,S. Luongo,and V.
Sindonifortheorganizationofthesocialevent. J. Pekola B. Ruggiero P.
Silvestrini CONTENTS QuantumNondemolitionMeasurementsofaQubit . D.
V. Averin BayesianQuantumMeasurementofaSingle-Cooper-PairQubit 11
A. Korotkov lIfNoiseinJosephsonQubits 15 E. Paladino, L. Faoro,G.
Falci,and R. Fazio
SwitchingCurrentsandQuasi-ParticlePoisoningintheSuperconducting
SingleElectronTransistor 25 P. Agren,J. Walter,V. Sch611mann,andD.
B. Haviland JosephsonSystemsforQuantumCoherenceExperiments 33 V.
Corato,C. Granata, L. Longobardi,M. Russo,B. Ruggiero, andP.
Silvestrini SolidStateAnalogueofDoubleSlitInterferometer...43 K.
Yu. Arutyunov, T. T. Hongisto,andJ. P. Pekola
NoiseandMicrowavePropertiesofSET-Transistors...53 M. Ejrnres,M. T.
Savolainen,andJ. Mygind UseofSmallThnnelJunctionsOperatingatT=0. 3K
63 R. Leoni,M. G. Castellano,F. Chiarello,andG. Torrioli
AHystericSingleCooperPairTransistorforSingleShotReadingof 73
aCharge-Qubit A. Cottet,D. Vion,P. Joyez,D. Esteve,andM. H. Devoret
SingleCooperPairElectrometerBasedonaRadio-Frequency-SQUID Scheme 87
A. B. Zorin vii viii CONTENTS
PossibilityofSingle-ElectronDevicesandSuperconductingCoherence 97
Yu. A. Pashkin, Y. Nakamura,T. Yamamoto,andJ. S. Tsai
Frequency-LockedCurrentofCooperPairsinSuperconductingSingle
ElectronTransistorwithOhmicResistor...105 S. V. Lotkhov,S. A.
Bogoslovsky, A. B. Zorin,andJ. Niemeyer
SetupforExperimentsontheSupercurrent-PhaseRelationinBloch
Transistors-StatusandPossibleApplications 115 M. Gotz, V. V.
Khanin, A. B. Zorin,E. Il'ichev,S. A. Bogoslovsky, andJ. Niemeyer
Single-ElectronTransistorsintheRegimeofHighConductance...123 C.
Wallisser,B;Limblach,P. yomStein,and R. Schiifer
SuperconductingTransistor-EdgeSensorsforTime&EnergyResolved
Single-PhotonCountersandforDarkMatterSearches 133 B. Cabrera
OptimizationoftheHot-ElectronBolometerandaCascadeQuasiparticle 145
L. Kuzrnin
NoiseinRefrigeratingTunnelJunctionsandinMicrobolometers...153 D. V.
Anghel NonequilibriumQuasiparticlesandElectronCoolingbyNormalMetal-
SuperconductorTunnelJunctions...165 D. Golubevand A. Vasenko
MesoscopicJosephsonJunctionsCoupledtoWeakCoherentFields:
AnExampleofReciprocalDetection 175 R. Miglioreand A. Messina
DynamicsofSuperconductingInterferometersContainingPi-Junctions 183
V. K. Kornev, I. I. Soloviev, I. V. Borisenko,P. B. Mozhaev, andG.
A.
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