Patrice Lumumba's legacy continues to fire the imagination of politicians, activists, and artists. But women have been missing from accounts of the Congo's decolonization. What new ideals of masculinity and femininity were generated in this struggle? Were masculinist biases re-inscribed in later depictions of the martyred nationalist? Through analysis of Lumumba's writings and speeches, the life stories of women activists, and literary and cinematic works, "Gender and Decolonization in the Congo: The Legacy of Patrice Lumumba" challenges male-centered interpretations of Congolese nationalism and illustrates how generic conventions both reinforced and undercut gender bias in representations of Lumumba and his female contemporaries.

The purpose of the Strategies for Teaching series is to help music teachers implement the K-12 National Music Education Standards and MENC's Prekindergarten Standards. Hundreds of music teachers across the country participated in this project, the largest such participation in an MENC publishing endeavor. Each publication focuses on a specific curricular area and a particular level. Each includes teaching strategies based on the content and achievement standards, a preface and an introduction, and a resource list.

The contributors to this volume -- including Carolyn G. Heilbrun, Janet Egleson Dunleavy, James R. Kincaid and Joseph Wiesenfarth -- focus on how men and (particularly) women respond to the ideological pressure of manners for their gender and class as they attempt to define themselves in the novel of manners. Focusing on literary, feminist, and general political concerns, the essays explore the relationships between society's and literature's conventions in works by Jane Austen, Anthony Trollope, George Eliot, Henry James, Virginia Woolf and Barbara Pym, among others. Bege K. Bowers is Associate Provost at Youngstown State University. Barbara Brothers is Professor Emeritus, Youngstown State University.

Bouwer draws on literary criticism, a thorough grounding in the historical literature, and her own interviews with one of Lumumba's wives in her efforts to use gender as a means of understanding Lumumba's life and legacy. Her book is an exemplary example of interdisciplinary scholarship and provides a model for scholars seeking to weave literary and historical methods together. This outstanding work deserves a wide audience of scholars. Essential. - CHOICE 'Although a significant amount of writing exists on the history of Congo's decolonization, almost all of it focuses on the political process. With this book, Karen Bouwer adds a much needed gender perspective to this body of work. Gender and Decolonization in the Congo is both a book about women and one that seeks to employ a gender analysis to understand Patrice Lumumba's writings and his life's legacy. In all, this book makes a significant contribution to the scholarship on Congo's decolonization from an understudied perspective, and demonstrates how political legacies are shaped.'

Patrice Lumumba s legacy continues to fire the imagination of politicians, activists, and artists. But women have been missing from accounts of the Congo s decolonization. What new ideals of masculinity and femininity were generated in this struggle? Were masculinist biases re-inscribed in later depictions of the martyred nationalist? Through analysis of Lumumba s writings and speeches, the life stories of women activists, and literary and cinematic works, Gender and Decolonization in the Congo: The Legacy of Patrice Lumumba challenges male-centered interpretations of Congolese nationalism and illustrates how generic conventions both reinforced and undercut gender bias in representations of Lumumba and his female contemporaries.

On present-day Earth, an alien artifact is discovered that was recently manufactured with materials from beyond our solar system. An investigation leads the FBI to a human who helps the aliens speculate in the commodities market.

With discovery imminent, the aliens reveal themselves by sending a videotape to the news media. This date becomes known as The Day Everything Changed. On the tape, an alien announces that it is an ambassador from the Traders, who wish to colonize Mars. Although individual Traders aren't as intelligent as humans, over millions of years they have slowly built an advanced technology that they propose trading for commodities and human intellectual creativity. They initially offer a device that uses hydrogen fusion to produce electric power, which crashes the energy markets.

Humans display a wide range of reactions to the Traders. A company is set up to supervise the distribution of Trader technology, collect royalties for its use, and reduce the corruption that the Traders see as a great obstacle to human progress. This organization encounters industrial spies and rogue governments trying to subvert its mission. Traders fear humans will surpass their technology, so they try to withhold their ultimate secret.

Many organizations develop their new products and services according to intuitive, informal methods. Substantial benefits can be obtained by upgrading these methods to formal alternatives. Improvements in product quality and significant reductions in time to market and development cost are reported as developers increase the maturity of their methods. However, organizations that imitate superficial aspects of formal systems while actually continuing informal development pay most of the costs of formality while receiving few of its benefits.

Theoretical and Computational Aspects of Feedback in Structural Systems with Piezoceramic Controllers.- Modeling and Approximation of a Coupled 3-D Structural Acoustics Problem.- Parameter Identification in the Frequency Domain.- On Model Identification of Gaussian Reciprocal Processes from the Eigenstructure of Their Covariances.- An Inverse Problem in Thermal Imaging.- Optimal Fixed-Finite-Dimensional Compensator for Burgers' Equation with Unbounded Input/Output Operators.- Boundary Control and Stabilization for a Viscous Burgers' Equation.- A Sinc-Galerkin Method for Convection Dominated Transport.- Discrete Observability of the Wave Equation on Bounded Domains in Euclidean Space.- A New Algorithm for Nonlinear Filtering.- Continuation Methods for Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problems via a Sinc-Galerkin Scheme.- On the Kalman-Yacubovich-Popov Lemma for Nonlinear Systems.- Robust Control of Distributed Parameter Systems with Structured Uncertainty.- On the Phase Portrait of the Karmarkar's Flow.- The Reduced Basis Method in Control Problems.- Numerical Treatment of Oscillating Integrals Appearing in Heat Conduction Problems.- Root Locus for Control Systems with Completely Separated Boundary Conditions.- On the Problem of Parameter Identification in Perspective Systems and its Application to Motion Estimation Problems in Computer Vision.- Over-Regularization of Ill-Posed Problems.- A Model for the Optimal Control of a Measles Epidemic.- Condition Numbers for the Sinc Matrices Associated with Discretizing the Second-Order Differential Operator.- Computational Models for Lattice Structures.- The Partial Differential Equations of Controlled Invariance.- What is the Distance Between Two Autoregressive Systems?.- Sinc Convolution Approximate Solution of Burgers' Equation.- Sinc-Galerkin Collocation Method for Parabolic Equations in Finite Space-Time Regions.- A Modified Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm for Large-Scale Inverse Problems.- A Local Sampling Scheme for Invariant Evolution Equations on a Compact Symmetric Space, Especially the Sphere.- Hasse Diagram and Dynamic Feedback of Linear Systems.- Point Placement for Observation of the Heat Equation on the Sphere.

This useful book is the compilation of bibliographical information accumulated over eleven years (1986-1996) in the annual publication of the New Chaucer Society, Studies in the Age of Chaucer. Features of this comprehensive work include an extensive subject index and a descriptive annotation for each entry that identifies the nature of the study and clarifies its utility or argument. These annotations are the work of a large number of scholars and have been carefully updated, corrected, and supplemented.

An important component of the Annotated Chaucer Bibliography is its single-codex format, which enables users to peruse eleven years of Chaucer bibliography comprehensively. This is especially valuable for recognizing patterns or trends in individual works or topics. The majority of the entries and their annotations are also available in the electronic format of the Chaucer Online Bibliography, making possible title, author, and keyword searches of the data included in this volume.