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For over a quarter of a century, echocardiography has made an
unparalleled contribution to clinical cardiology as a major tool
for real-time imaging of cardiac dynamics. Echocardiography is
widely used to assess cardiac function, and provides noninvasive
information which is invaluable for the diagnosis of various
disease states. In spite of its numerous advantages, in the
clinical arena echocardiography has remained mostly qualitative and
subjective. However, continued progress in our understanding of the
interactions between ultrasound and tissue characteristics have
brought about several new developments which allow quantitative
analysis of ultrasound data. Among these new developments are
endocardial boundary detection (frequently referred to as Acoustic
Quantification), Color Kinesis and Doppler myocardial imaging. The
purpose of this book is to provide the reader with the background
necessary to understand and successfully utilize these
methodologies. Chapters summarize in detail the studies that have
validated these techniques thus far, and discuss their future
applications.
A decade ago, James Lang banned cell phones in his classroom.
Frustrated by how easily they could sidetrack his students, Lang
sought out a distraction-free environment, hoping it would help his
students pay attention to his lessons. But after just a few years,
Lang gave in. Not only was his no-cellphones policy ineffective
(even his best students ignored it), he realized that he, like many
of his fellow teachers, was missing an important point. The problem
isn't phones. It's our antiquated notions of the brain. In
Distracted, Lang makes the case for a new way of thinking about how
to teach young minds based on the emerging neuroscience of
attention. Although we have long prized the ability to focus, the
most natural way of thinking is distraction. Our brains are
designed to continually scan our environment, looking for new
information, occasionally wandering off in different directions in
search of new insights. This is not to say that iPhones are not
good at distracting us, but that what they represent is in
principle nothing new, because sustained periods of intense focus
are not what humans are good at. Of course, we still do need to pay
attention to learn. The problem is that we think of learning as a
matter of managing distraction, when we should instead think of it
as actively cultivating attention. This starts with letting go of
technology bans, which are little more than a fig leaf applied to
the objective difficulty of paying attention. But it involves more
active ways of rethinking classroom conventions too. For example,
rather than structuring lessons as 45 or 60-minute blocks of
lecturing, teachers could segment their classes into a series of
smaller lessons, with regular shifts in focus, appealing to the
brain's interest in novelty. Simple changes can drastically improve
students' performance, and in Distracted, Lang takes readers on a
sprawling tour of how some of America's best teachers are improving
student performance using concepts such as modular classrooms, flow
states, and student-directed learning. Together, these insights
offer a new way of thinking about how to not only more effectively
teach a lesson plan, but to teach students the most important
lesson of all: how to learn.
A freshly updated edition featuring research-based teaching
techniques that faculty in any discipline can easily implement
Research into how we learn can help facilitate better student
learning--if we know how to apply it. Small Teaching fills the gap
in higher education literature between the primary research in
cognitive theory and the classroom environment. In this book, James
Lang presents a strategy for improving student learning with a
series of small but powerful changes that make a big difference
many of which can be put into practice in a single class period.
These are simple interventions that can be integrated into
pre-existing techniques, along with clear descriptions of how to do
so. Inside, you'll find brief classroom or online learning
activities, one-time interventions, and small modifications in
course design or student communication. These small tweaks will
bring your classroom into alignment with the latest evidence in
cognitive research. Each chapter introduces a basic concept in
cognitive research that has implications for classroom teaching,
explains the rationale for offering it within a specific time
period in a typical class, and then provides concrete examples of
how this intervention has been used or could be used by faculty in
a variety of disciplines. The second edition features revised and
updated content including a newly authored preface, new examples
and techniques, updated research, and updated resources. How can
you make small tweaks to your teaching to bring the latest
cognitive science into the classroom? How can you help students
become good at retrieving knowledge from memory? How does making
predictions now help us learn in the future? How can you build
community in the classroom? Higher education faculty and
administrators, as well as K-12 teachers and teacher trainers, will
love the easy-to-implement, evidence-based techniques in Small
Teaching.
The Virtual JFK DVD is now available For more information on the
film companion to the book, visit http: //www.virtualjfk.com/ It
Matters Who Is President Then and Now At the heart of this
provocative book lies the fundamental question: Does it matter who
is president on issues of war and peace? The Vietnam War was one of
the most catastrophic and bloody in living memory, and its lessons
take on resonance in light of America's current devastating
involvement in Iraq. Tackling head-on the most controversial and
debated "what if" in U.S. foreign policy, this unique work explores
what President John F. Kennedy would have done in Vietnam if he had
not been assassinated in 1963. Drawing on a wealth of recently
declassified documents, frank oral testimony of White House
officials from both the Kennedy and Johnson administrations, and
the analysis of top historians, this book presents compelling
evidence that JFK was ready to end U.S. involvement well before the
conflict escalated. With vivid immediacy, readers will feel they
are in the president's war room as the debates raged that forever
changed the course of American history and continue to affect us
profoundly today as the shadows of Vietnam stretch into Iraq."
In October, 1962, the Cuban missile crisis brought human
civilization to the brink of destruction. On the 50th anniversary
of the most dangerous confrontation of the nuclear era, two of the
leading experts on the crisis recreate the drama of those
tumultuous days as experienced by the leaders of the three
countries directly involved: U.S. President John F. Kennedy, Soviet
Premier Nikita Khrushchev, and Cuban President Fidel Castro.
Organized around the letters exchanged among the leaders as the
crisis developed and augmented with many personal details of the
circumstances under which they were written, considered, and
received, Blight and Lang poignantly document the rapidly shifting
physical and psychological realities faced in Washington, Moscow,
and Havana. The result is a revolving stage that allows the reader
to experience the Cuban missile crisis as never before-through the
eyes of each leader as they move through the crisis. The Armageddon
Letters: Kennedy, Khrushchev, Castro in the Cuban Missile Crisis
transports the reader back to October 1962, telling a story as
gripping as any fictional apocalyptic novel.
Becoming Enemies brings the unique methods of critical oral
history, developed to study flashpoints from the Cold War such as
the Cuban Missile Crisis, to understand U.S. and Iranian relations
from the fall of the Shah in 1978 through the Iranian hostage
crisis and the Iran-Iraq war. Scholars and former officials
involved with U.S. and UN policy take a fresh look at U.S and
Iranian relations during this time, with special emphasis on the
U.S. role in the Iran-Iraq War. With its remarkable declassified
documentation and oral testimony that bear directly on questions of
U.S. policymaking with regard to the Iran-Iraq War, Becoming
Enemies reveals much that was previously unknown about U.S. policy
before, during, and after the war. They go beyond mere reportage to
offer lessons regarding fundamental foreign policy challenges to
the U.S. that transcend time and place.
The Virtual JFK DVD is now available For more information on the
film companion to the book, visit http: //www.virtualjfk.com/ It
Matters Who Is President Then and Now At the heart of this
provocative book lies the fundamental question: Does it matter who
is president on issues of war and peace? The Vietnam War was one of
the most catastrophic and bloody in living memory, and its lessons
take on resonance in light of America's current devastating
involvement in Iraq. Tackling head-on the most controversial and
debated "what if" in U.S. foreign policy, this unique work explores
what President John F. Kennedy would have done in Vietnam if he had
not been assassinated in 1963. Drawing on a wealth of recently
declassified documents, frank oral testimony of White House
officials from both the Kennedy and Johnson administrations, and
the analysis of top historians, this book presents compelling
evidence that JFK was ready to end U.S. involvement well before the
conflict escalated. With vivid immediacy, readers will feel they
are in the president's war room as the debates raged that forever
changed the course of American history and continue to affect us
profoundly today as the shadows of Vietnam stretch into Iraq."
This volume contains invited and contributed papers presented at
the NATO Advanced study Insti tute on "Recent Advances in Speech
Understanding and Dialog systems" held in Bad Windsheim, Federal
Republic of Germany, July 5 to July 18, 1987. It is divided into
the three parts Speech coding and Segmentation, Word Recognition,
and Linguistic Processing. Although this can only be a rough
organization showing some overlap, the editors felt that it most
naturally represents the bottom-up strategy of speech understanding
and, therefore, should be useful for the reader. Part 1, SPEECH
CODING AND SEGMENTATION, contains 4 invited and 14 contributed
papers. The first invited paper summarizes basic properties of
speech signals, reviews coding schemes, and describes a particular
solution which guarantees high speech quality at low data rates.
The second and third invited papers are concerned with
acoustic-phonetic decoding. Techniques to integrate knowledge
sources into speech recognition systems are presented and
demonstrated by experimental systems. The fourth invited paper
gives an overview of approaches for using prosodic knowledge in
automatic speech recogni tion systems, and a method for assigning a
stress score to every syllable in an utterance of German speech is
reported in a contributed paper. A set of contributed papers treats
the problem of automatic segmentation, and several authors
successfully apply knowledge-based methods for interpreting speech
signals and spectrograms. The last three papers investigate
phonetic models, Markov models and fuzzy quantization techniques
and provide a transi tion to Part 2 ."
One of the most important issues in comparative politics is the
relationship between the state and society and the implications of
different relationships for long-term social and economic
development. Exploring the contribution states can make to
overcoming collective action problems and creating collective goods
favourable to social, economic, and political development, the
contributors to this significant volume examine how state-society
relations as well as features of state structure shape the
conditions under which states seek to advance development and the
conditions that make success more or less likely. Particular focus
is given to bureaucratic oversight, market functioning, and the
assertion of democratic demands discipline state actions and
contribute to state effectiveness. These propositions and the
social mechanisms underlying them are examined in comparative
historical and cross-national statistical analyses. The conclusion
will also evaluate the results for current policy concerns.
Robert S. McNamara is one of modern America's most controversial
figures. His opinions, policies, and actions have led to a
firestorm of debate, ignited most recently by Errol Morris's
Academy Award-winning film, The Fog of War. In the companion book,
editors James G. Blight and janet M. Lang use lessons from
McNamara's life to examine issues of war and peace in the 20th
century. McNamara's career spans some of America's defining
events--from the end of World War I, through the course of World
War II, and the unfolding of the Cold War in Cuba, Vietnam, and
around the world. The Fog of War brings together film transcripts,
documents, dialogues, and essays to explore what the horrors and
triumphs of the 20th century can teach us about the future.
Teaching the Literature Survey Course makes the case for
maintaining--even while re-imagining and re-inventing--the place of
the survey as a transformative experience for literature students.
Through essays both practical and theoretical, the collection
presents survey teachers with an exciting range of new strategies
for energizing their teaching and engaging their students in this
vital encounter with our evolving literary traditions. ?From
mapping early English literature to a team-based approach to the
American survey, and from multimedia galleries to a "blank
syllabus," contributors propose alternatives to the traditional
emphasis on lectures and breadth of coverage. The volume is at once
a set of practical suggestions for working teachers (including
sample documents like worksheets and syllabi) and a provocative
engagement with the question of what introductory courses can and
should be.
Find out how to apply learning science in online classes The
concept of small teaching is simple: small and strategic changes
have enormous power to improve student learning. Instructors face
unique and specific challenges when teaching an online course. This
book offers small teaching strategies that will positively impact
the online classroom. This book outlines practical and feasible
applications of theoretical principles to help your online students
learn. It includes current best practices around educational
technologies, strategies to build community and collaboration, and
minor changes you can make in your online teaching practice, small
but impactful adjustments that result in significant learning
gains. Explains how you can support your online students Helps your
students find success in this non-traditional learning environment
Covers online and blended learning Addresses specific challenges
that online instructors face in higher education Small Teaching
Online presents research-based teaching techniques from an online
instructional design expert and the bestselling author of Small
Teaching.
ORTSBESTIMMUNG DER PHILOSOPHISCHEN GRAMMATIK I. Absicht dieser
Arbeit ist es, ein wenig Licht in die teils komischen, teils
lebensgefahrlichen Aspekte der Aufsplitterung unseres Lebens in h
eines vor und in eines nach 17 zu bringen, und zwar anhand des Ent-
wicklungsgangs der Wittgensteinschen Philosophischen Grammatik. Das
aufgezeigte Problem kursiert unter vielen Titeln und Etiketten:
Theorie und Praxis, Wissen und Glauben, Beruf und Freizeit o. a.
Diese Auf- zahlungen mochten allerdings kein Unvermogen des
Verfassers andeuten, sich auf einen Titel festzulegen. Vielmehr ist
es ein wichtiges Resultat Wittgensteinschen Philosophierens, dass
verschiedene Sinne nicht selbiges vermeinen, insofern sie denselben
Gegenstand meinen, sondern sofern sich der Sinn als Sinn durchhalt,
d. i. als Gebrauch im umlaufist. Insofern der Verfasser mit
Wittgenstein die Partikel "d. h. ", "d. i. ", "m. a. W. " und
ahnliche flir das Philosophieren flir konstitutiv und eigentlimlich
halt, also, mithin die Bestimmung "Sinn ist Sinn als Sinn"l zu
erfiillen ver- sucht (trotz der penetranten Haufung in einer
derartigen Exposition), konnen die Untersuchungen zunachst als
"subjektiv", bzw. "transzen- dental" bezeichnet werden. Die nahere
Lokalisierung des Themas wird in drei Zligen vorgenommen: das
populare Gegensatzpaar "Ideologie" und "Wissenschaft" fiihrt uns zu
den in einer bestimmten philosophischen Tradition fixierten
Begriffen "Lebenswelt" und "technische Welt", deren Widerstreit
wiederum von L. GBPley auf das ungeklarte Verhaltnis von
Phanomenologie und Logik zurlickgefUhrt worden ist. Nach dieser
Orts- bestimmung wird hoffentlich einigermassen verstandlich, dass
die Kenn- zeichnung Wittgensteins als eines Aufldarers nicht nur
nicht logische Untersuchungen verbietet, sondern sie vielmehr
notwendig macht.
This book combines physics, history, and philosophy in a radical
new approach to introducing the philosophy of physics.
Accessible to readers with little background in physics or
philosophy, this book allows the reader to wrestle with the
metaphysical and conceptual problems that drove innovation in
physics, from nineteenth-century electromagnetic field theory
through relativity and quantum mechanics. Among the topics treated
are locality, causality, and scientific explanation; relativity,
energy, mass, and the reality of fields; and quantum
metaphysics.
The book's engaging, non-technical style makes it ideal for
those who want to go beyond the equations and discover what physics
reveals about reality.
You go into teaching with high hopes: to inspire students, to
motivate them to learn, to help them love your subject. Then you
find yourself facing a crowd of expectant faces on the first day of
the first semester, and you think Now what do I do?
Practical and lively, "On Course" is full of experience-tested,
research-based advice for graduate students and new teaching
faculty. It provides a range of innovative and traditional
strategies that work well without requiring extensive preparation
or long grading sessions when you re trying to meet your own
demanding research and service requirements. What do you put on the
syllabus? How do you balance lectures with group assignments or
discussions and how do you get a dialogue going when the students
won t participate? What grading system is fairest and most
efficient for your class? Should you post lecture notes on a
website? How do you prevent cheating, and what do you do if it
occurs? How can you help the student with serious personal problems
without becoming overly involved? And what do you do about the
student who won t turn off his cell phone?
Packed with anecdotes and concrete suggestions, this book will
keep both inexperienced and veteran teachers on course as they
navigate the calms and storms of classroom life.
For over a quarter of a century, echocardiography has made an
unparalleled contribution to clinical cardiology as a major tool
for real-time imaging of cardiac dynamics. Echocardiography is
widely used to assess cardiac function, and provides noninvasive
information which is invaluable for the diagnosis of various
disease states. In spite of its numerous advantages, in the
clinical arena echocardiography has remained mostly qualitative and
subjective. However, continued progress in our understanding of the
interactions between ultrasound and tissue characteristics have
brought about several new developments which allow quantitative
analysis of ultrasound data. Among these new developments are
endocardial boundary detection (frequently referred to as Acoustic
Quantification), Color Kinesis and Doppler myocardial imaging. The
purpose of this book is to provide the reader with the background
necessary to understand and successfully utilize these
methodologies. Chapters summarize in detail the studies that have
validated these techniques thus far, and discuss their future
applications.
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