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The aim of the Protein Reviews is to serve as a publication vehicle
for review articles that focus on crucial current vigorous aspects
of protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volume 17
of Protein Reviews is the beginning of a new publication format.
The volumes will appear online before they are published in a
printed book. Articles will be selected according to their
importance to the understanding of biological systems, their
relevance to the unravelling of issues associated with health and
disease or their impact on scientific or technological advances and
developments. The chapters in this volume are authored by experts
in the field. They deal with aspects of structure and biological
activity of selected proteins. Specific chapters deal with the
aggregation of FET proteins (FUS, EWSR1, TAF15) as a pathological
change in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, structural changes
fundamental to gating of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane
conductance regulator anion channel pore, the dual roles for
epithelial splicing regulatory proteins 1 (ESRP1) and 2 (ESRP2) in
cancer progression, controlling autolysis during flagella insertion
in Gram-negative bacteria, the regulation of skeletal muscle
myoblast differentiation and the proliferation by pannexins,
hyaluronidase and chondroitinase, factors that control mitotic
spindle elongation, how secreted phospholipase A2 type IIA
(sPLA2-IIA) activates integrins in an allosteric manner, the simple
and unique allosteric machinery of Thermus caldophilus lactate
dehydrogenase, and the reduction of chemically stable multibonds:
Nitrogenase-like biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles. This volume is
intended for research scientists, clinicians, physicians, and
graduate students in fields of biochemistry, cell biology,
molecular biology microbiology, immunology and genetics.
The aim of the Protein Reviews is to serve as a publication vehicle
for review articles that focus on crucial current vigorous aspects
of protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. The volumes
will appear online before they are published in a printed book.
Articles are selected according to their importance to the
understanding of biological systems, their relevance to the
unravelling of issues associated with health and disease or their
impact on scientific or technological advances and developments.
Volume 19 focusses on Purinergic receptors, also termed
purinoceptors. These are plasma membrane proteins present in nearly
all mammalian tissues. They participate in a number of cell
functions that include proliferation and migration of neural stem
cells, vascular reactivity, apoptosis and cytokine secretion and
have been associated with learning and memory, feeding conduct,
movement and sleep. They facilitate relaxation of smooth muscle of
the gut in response to adenosine (P1 receptors) or ATP (P2
receptors). The chapters in this volume are authored by experts in
the field. They deal with aspects of structure and biological
activity of selected receptor proteins. The first chapter in this
volume reviews the current research on the Mechanism of channel
gating and regulation of the activity of calcium-activated chloride
channel ANO1. This is followed by a chapter dealing with Structure
and function of the two-component cytotoxins of Staphylococcus
aureus and a chapter on Membrane Fusion and Infection involving the
Influenza virus Hemagglutinin. The fourth chapter reviews the
impact of arrhythmogenic mutations through the structural
determination of the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel. Then
there is a chapter that discusses some open questions pertaining to
histone post-translational modifications and nucleosome
organization in transcriptional regulation. The next chapter deals
with regulation of the extracellular SERPINA5 (protein C inhibitor)
penetration through cellular membranes. This is followed by a
chapter on coding of Class I and II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases; a
chapter on regulation of nephrin phosphorylation in diabetes and
chronic kidney injury and a chapter on The Structure-Forming
Juncture in oxidative protein folding and the events in the ER.
Finally the last chapter deals with the polyspecificity of
anti-lipid antibodies and its relevance to the development of
autoimmunity. This volume is intended for research scientists,
clinicians, physicians and graduate students in the fields of
biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, immunology and
genetics.
The MPSA international conference is held in a different country
every two years. It is devoted to methods of determining protein
structure with emphasis on chemistry and sequence analysis. Until
the ninth conference, MPSA was an acronym for Methods in Protein
Sequence Analysis. To give the conference more flexibility and
breadth, the Scientific Advisory Committee of the lOth MPSA decided
to change the name to Methods in Protein Structure Analysis;
however, the emphasis remains on "methods" and on "chemistry. " In
fact, this is the only major conference that is devoted to methods.
The MPSA conference is truly international, a fact clearly
reflected by the composi tion of its Scientific Advisory Committee.
The Scientific Advisory Committee oversees the scientific direction
of the MPSA and elects the chairman of the conference. Members of
the committee are elected by active members, based on scientific
standing and activity. The chairman, subject to approval of the
Scientific Advisory Committee, appoints the Organizing Committee.
It is this latter committee that puts the conference together. The
lectures of the MPSA have traditionally been published in a special
proceedings issue. This is different from, and more detailed than,
the special MPSA issue of the Journal of Protein Chemistry in which
only a brief description of the talks is given in short papers and
abstracts. In the I Oth MPSA, about half the talks are by invited
speakers and the remainder were selected from submitted short
papers and abstracts."
The immune response is largely dependent on molecular inter actions
involving proteins. The recognition of antigen molecules, whether
they are proteins or non-proteins, whether they are self or
non-self, takes place at the molecular-cellular interface through
membrane receptor molecules that are proteins. The initial step of
recognition activates a complex series of cellular events requiring
some mechanism of cell-cell interactions and communi cations,
eventually leading to antibody production. This biolo gical cascade
is controlled at several positions along its con secutive pathways
by protein molecules, either in the free form or as receptors on
membranes of cells committed to this activity. Clearly, then, the
proper understanding of the response by cells of the immune system
will depend, to a great measure, on the definition of the molecular
events involving protein interactions. Obviously, cells work via
molecules and molecules work via cells and, at this level of
functional resolution, molecular immunology and cellular immunology
will merge and will depend heavily on protein chemistry."
The articles in this volume represent papers delivered by invited
speakers at the 7th International Symposium on the Immunobiology of
Proteins and Peptides. In addition, a few of the abstracts
submitted by participants were scheduled for minisymposia and some
of the authors, whose presentations were judged by the Scientific
Council to be of high quality, were invited to submit papers for
publication in this volume. This symposium was established in 1976
for the purpose of bringing together, once every two or three
years, active investigators in the forefront of contemporary
immunology, to present their findings and discuss their
significance in the light of current concepts and to identify
important new directions of investigation. The founding of the
symposium was stimulated by the achievement of major breakthroughs
in the understanding of the immune recognition of proteins and
peptides. We believed that these breakthroughs will lead to the
creation of a new generation of peptide reagents which should have
enormous potential in biological, therapeutic, and basic
applications. This anticipated explosion has in fact since occurred
and many applications of these peptides are now being realized. The
seventh symposium focused on immune responses that have undesirable
effects on the host, hence we named them unwanted immune responses.
Two major aspects of unwanted immune responses were discussed at
the symposium: Allergy and Autoimmunity.
This volume summarizes the proceedings of the Eighth International
Symposium on the Immunobiology of Proteins and Peptides which was
held on November 16-20 in Rio Rico, Arizona. The articles represent
papers by invited speakers as well as papers selected by the
Scientific Council, from among those submitted by the participants,
on the basis of quality and timeliness. This symposium series was
established in 1976 for the purpose of bringing together, once
every two or three years, active investigators in the forefront of
contemporary immunology, to present their findings, discuss their
significance in the light of current concepts and identify
important new directions of investigation. The founding of the
symposium was stimulated by the achievement of major breakthroughs
in the understanding of the immune recognition of proteins and
peptides. We believed that these breakthroughs would lead to the
creation of a new generation of peptide reagents, which could have
enormous potential in biological, therapeutic, and basic
applications. This anticipated explosion has since occurred and
many applications ofthese peptides are now being realized. The
eighth symposium focused on the manipulation or modulation of the
immune response. This volume broadly covers the areas of adjuvants,
cytokines, vaccines, and the use of intravenous immunoglobulins for
disease management. There is a clear need to identify methods for
improving vaccine efficacy and guiding the host to respond with a
particular type of immune response.
This symposium was established in 1976 for the purpose of bringing
to gether once every two or three years, active investigators in
the fore front of contemporary immunology, to present their
findings and to discuss their significance in the light of current
concepts and to identify important new directions of investigation.
The founding of the symposium was stimulated by the achievement of
major breakthroughs in the under standing of the immune recognition
of proteins and peptides. We believed that these breakthroughs will
lead to the creation of a new generation of peptides which should
have enormous potential in biological, therapeutic and basic
applications. This anticipated explosion has finally occurred and
many applications of these peptides are now being realized. The
main symposia topics of the fourth symposium were: T-cell
recognition of proteins, structure and function of the T-cell
receptor, presentation of protein antigens, recycling and
activation of membrane receptor molecules, Ir-gene control of
T-cell responses and methods of cell separation. The molecular
features recognized by antibodies on proteins were the first immune
recognition sites to be local ized and confirmed by synthetic
peptides. The complete antigenic structures of several proteins
have been defined, and individual antigenic sites have been
described on many more proteins. More recently, major breakthroughs
have been reported in the immune recognition of proteins by T
cells."
The articles in this volume represent papers delivered by invited
speakers at the 6th International Symposium on the Immunobiology of
Proteins and Peptides. In addition, a few of the abstracts
submitted by participants were scheduled for minisymposia and some
of the authors, whose presentations were judged by the Scientific
Council to be of high quality, were invited to submit papers for
publication in this volume. This symposium was established in 1976
for the purpose of bringing together, once every two or three
years, active investigators in the forefront of contemporary
immunology, to present their findings and discuss t heir
significance in the light of current concepts and to identify
important new directions of investigation. The founding of the
symposium was stimulated by the achievement of major breakthroughs
in the understanding of the immune recognition of proteins and
peptides. We believed that these breakthroughs will lead to the
creation of a new generation of peptide reagents which should have
enormous potential in biological, therapeutic and basic
applications. This anticipated explosion has in fact since occurred
and many applications of these pep tides are now being realized.
The structural features responsible for the immunogenicity of
certain parts of native protein molecules have been of interest to
immunochemists and protein chemists for over three decades.
Following the early work of Land steiner in 1942, which showed that
peptide fragments from silk fibroin exhibited an inhibitory
activity toward the reaction of the protein with its antibodies,
fragments from many other protein systems have been isolated and
studied. However, no concerted effort was (or could be) devoted to
the elucidation of the complete antigenic structure of a protein.
In order for these endeavors to be successful and meaningful,
knowledge of both the amino acid sequence and the detailed
three-dimensional structure of the protein is necessary. Such
information was not available for a protein until early in the
1960s. This and the fact that protein chemistry was not in fact
sufficiently developed early in the 1960s to enable the successful
completion of the entire antigenic structure of a protein were
major contributing factors for the slow progress in this field.
Determination of the antigenic structures of proteins therefore
posed a chemical challenge of enormous proportions. For these
reasons, many investigators diverted their attention to study of
the immunochemistry of homo- or mixed amino acid polymers in the
hope that the information derived from these systems might prove
useful in the understanding of the immunochemistry of proteins."
The MPSA international conference is held in a different country
every two years. It is devoted to methods of determining protein
structure with emphasis on chemistry and sequence analysis. Until
the ninth conference, MPSA was an acronym for Methods in Protein
Sequence Analysis. To give the conference more flexibility and
breadth, the Scientific Advisory Committee of the lOth MPSA decided
to change the name to Methods in Protein Structure Analysis;
however, the emphasis remains on "methods" and on "chemistry. " In
fact, this is the only major conference that is devoted to methods.
The MPSA conference is truly international, a fact clearly
reflected by the composi tion of its Scientific Advisory Committee.
The Scientific Advisory Committee oversees the scientific direction
of the MPSA and elects the chairman of the conference. Members of
the committee are elected by active members, based on scientific
standing and activity. The chairman, subject to approval of the
Scientific Advisory Committee, appoints the Organizing Committee.
It is this latter committee that puts the conference together. The
lectures of the MPSA have traditionally been published in a special
proceedings issue. This is different from, and more detailed than,
the special MPSA issue of the Journal of Protein Chemistry in which
only a brief description of the talks is given in short papers and
abstracts. In the I Oth MPSA, about half the talks are by invited
speakers and the remainder were selected from submitted short
papers and abstracts."
One of the central questions in immunology is the understanding in
molecular terms of antigen-antibody interactions and of the cellu
lar recognition of antigens. It is hoped that this understanding
will extend eventually to the immunobiological basis of host
defense to infectious agents and of tissue damage or deranged cell
functions which stem from these reactions. A variety of natural and
artificial substances have been used as models for these studies.
Emphasis was placed upon substances of known and relatively
uncomplicated chemical structures. These included polysaccharides,
amino acid polymers, nu cleic acids and haptens. On the other hand.
until recently there has been very little information on protein
antigens. The complexity of these molecules posed an immense
chemical obstacle to precise immuno chemical analysis. Indeed, it
is this difficulty with proteins that spurred the synthesis and
immunological studies of amino acid poly mers. The control and
normal regulation of the immune system at the cellular-molecular
interface and the great majority of antigens asso ciated with
immune disorders are attributed to protein molecules. In the last
few years great advances have been made in the analysis and
synthesis of the antigenic sites of some proteins. The entire
antigenic structures of myoglobin and lysozyme and the partial anti
genic structures of several other proteins have been determined.
Moreover, in the past seven years several biological responses
resulting from the reactions of proteins and their peptides with
cells of the immune system were described."
The Protein Reviews series serves as a publication vehicle for
reviews that focus on crucial contemporary and vital aspects of
protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volumes are
published online first, prior to publication in a printed book.
Chapters are selected according to their importance to the
understanding of biological systems, relevance to the unravelling
of issues associated with health and disease, or impact on
scientific or technological advances and developments. Volume 23
presents four review chapters authored by experts in related
fields. The first chapter covers the structure and function
of SNM1 family nucleases. Chapter two examines the molecular
details of DNA integration by CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins
during adaptation in bacteria and archaea. The third chapter
reviews the ordered motions in the nitric-oxide dioxygenase (NOD)
mechanism of flavohemoglobin and assorted globins with tightly
coupled reductases. Chapter four reviews structural analyses of the
multicopper site of CopG support a role as a redox enzyme. This
volume is intended for research scientists, clinicians, physicians
and graduate students in the fields of biochemistry, cell biology,
molecular biology, immunology and genetics.
The Protein Reviews series serves as a publication
vehicle for reviews that focus on crucial contemporary and vital
aspects of protein structure, function, evolution and
genetics. Volumes are published online first, prior to
publication in a printed book. Chapters are selected according to
their importance to the understanding of biological systems,
relevance to the unravelling of issues associated with health and
disease, or impact on scientific or technological advances and
developments. Volume 22 presents six review chapters authored by
experts in related fields. The first chapter covers
carotenoid-protein interactions. Chapter two addresses the
non-continuum of eukaryotic transcriptional regulation. The third
chapter reviews the structure of the regulatory and catalytic
domains of the photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (PDE6) holoenzyme.
Chapter four reviews the current knowledge on small molecule
compounds that have been evaluated as rhodopsin modulators to be
considered as leads for the development of novel therapies for
retinitis pigmentosa. Chapter five deals with Plasticity-associated
functionality and inhibition of the HIV protease. Finally, chapter
six covers single-run catalysis and kinetic control of human
telomerase holoenzyme. This volume is intended for research
scientists, clinicians, physicians and graduate students in the
fields of biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, immunology
and genetics. Â
The Protein Reviews series serves as a publication vehicle for
reviews that focus on crucial contemporary and vital aspects of
protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volumes are
published online first, prior to publication in a printed book.
Chapters are selected according to their importance to the
understanding of biological systems, relevance to the unravelling
of issues associated with health and disease, or impact on
scientific or technological advances and developments. Volume 22
presents six review chapters authored by experts in related fields.
The first chapter covers carotenoid-protein interactions. Chapter
two addresses the non-continuum of eukaryotic transcriptional
regulation. The third chapter reviews the structure of the
regulatory and catalytic domains of the photoreceptor
phosphodiesterase (PDE6) holoenzyme. Chapter four reviews the
current knowledge on small molecule compounds that have been
evaluated as rhodopsin modulators to be considered as leads for the
development of novel therapies for retinitis pigmentosa. Chapter
five deals with Plasticity-associated functionality and inhibition
of the HIV protease. Finally, chapter six covers single-run
catalysis and kinetic control of human telomerase holoenzyme. This
volume is intended for research scientists, clinicians, physicians
and graduate students in the fields of biochemistry, cell biology,
molecular biology, immunology and genetics.
The Protein Reviews series serves as a publication vehicle for
reviews that focus on crucial contemporary and vital aspects of
protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volumes are
published online first, prior to publication in a printed book.
Chapters are selected according to their importance to the
understanding of biological systems, relevance to the unravelling
of issues associated with health and disease, or impact on
scientific or technological advances and developments. Volume 21
presents eight review chapters authored by experts in the related
fields. The first chapter covers the enzyme squalene monooxygenase
and lipid levels and its relevance in health and disease. Chapter
two presents a systematic analysis of the structural and functional
aspects of heteromeric solute carriers. The third chapter provides
a review of the role of CI- in type IV collagen assembly, function,
and disease, including future directions for studies. This is
followed by a summary in chapter four about the recent progress on
defining the roles of the Slit-Robo signaling in bone metabolism
and the possible roles of the interaction between Robo and neural
epidermal growth factor-like proteins. Chapter five discusses
recent data about the evolutionary aspects on structural
differences between humans and the nematode in relation to previous
knowledge of core proteins and GAG-attachment sites in Chn and CS
proteoglycans of C.elegans and humans. The sixth chapter summarizes
the immunochemical character of the IGHV1-69-derived RFs and the
recognition mechanism of the IGHV1-69-derived RFs. Chapter seven
covers regulated alternative translocation and its role as an
emerging mechanism to regulate transmembrane proteins. Finally,
chapter eight reviews current progress on IL-36 protein and biology
and novel investigative tools. This volume is intended for research
scientists, clinicians, physicians and graduate students in the
fields of biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, immunology
and genetics.
The Protein Reviews series serves as a publication vehicle for
reviews that focus on crucial contemporary and vital aspects of
protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volume 20,
Purinergic Receptors, has ten chapters. The first five chapters
deal with various aspects of membrane binding. The first chapter
focuses on the phox-homology (PX) domain, which is a
phosphoinositide-binding domain conserved in all eukaryotes and
present in forty-nine human proteins. The next chapter deals with
the modeling of PH domains/phosphoinositides interactions. This is
followed by a chapter on BAR domain proteins regulate Rho GTPase
signaling. The BAR (Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs) domain is a membrane lipid
binding domain present in a wide variety of proteins, often
proteins with a role in Rho-regulated signaling pathways. The
fourth article presents AP180 N-terminal homology (ANTH) and Epsin
N-terminal homology (ENTH) domains and discusses their
physiological functions and involvement in disease. The fifth
article reviews the polyphosphoinositide-binding domains and
presents insights from peripheral membrane and lipid-transfer
proteins. This is followed by a chapter on the physiological
functions of phosphoinositide-modifying enzymes and their
interacting proteins in Arabidopsis, then by a chapter on the
molecular mechanisms of Vaspin action in various tissues such as
adipose tissue, skin, bone, blood vessels, and the brain. The
eighth chapter deals with exceptionally selective substrate
targeting by the metalloprotease anthrax lethal factor followed by
an article on Salmonella, E. coli, and Citrobacter type III
secretion system effector proteins that alter host innate immunity.
The last chapter presents New techniques to study intracellular
receptors in living cells, with insights into RIG-I-like receptor
signaling. Volume 20 is intended for research scientists,
clinicians, physicians and graduate students in the fields of
biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, immunology and
genetics.
The Protein Reviews series serves as a publication vehicle for
reviews that focus on crucial contemporary and vital aspects of
protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volumes are
published online first, prior to publication in a printed book.
Chapters are selected according to their importance to the
understanding of biological systems, relevance to the unravelling
of issues associated with health and disease, or impact on
scientific or technological advances and developments. Volume 21
presents eight review chapters authored by experts in the related
fields. The first chapter covers the enzyme squalene monooxygenase
and lipid levels and its relevance in health and disease. Chapter
two presents a systematic analysis of the structural and functional
aspects of heteromeric solute carriers. The third chapter provides
a review of the role of CI- in type IV collagen assembly, function,
and disease, including future directions for studies. This is
followed by a summary in chapter four about the recent progress on
defining the roles of the Slit-Robo signaling in bone metabolism
and the possible roles of the interaction between Robo and neural
epidermal growth factor-like proteins. Chapter five discusses
recent data about the evolutionary aspects on structural
differences between humans and the nematode in relation to previous
knowledge of core proteins and GAG-attachment sites in Chn and CS
proteoglycans of C.elegans and humans. The sixth chapter summarizes
the immunochemical character of the IGHV1-69-derived RFs and the
recognition mechanism of the IGHV1-69-derived RFs. Chapter seven
covers regulated alternative translocation and its role as an
emerging mechanism to regulate transmembrane proteins. Finally,
chapter eight reviews current progress on IL-36 protein and biology
and novel investigative tools. This volume is intended for research
scientists, clinicians, physicians and graduate students in the
fields of biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, immunology
and genetics.
The Protein Reviews series serves as a publication vehicle for
reviews that focus on crucial contemporary and vital aspects of
protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volume 20,
Purinergic Receptors, has ten chapters. The first five chapters
deal with various aspects of membrane binding. The first chapter
focuses on the phox-homology (PX) domain, which is a
phosphoinositide-binding domain conserved in all eukaryotes and
present in forty-nine human proteins. The next chapter deals with
the modeling of PH domains/phosphoinositides interactions. This is
followed by a chapter on BAR domain proteins regulate Rho GTPase
signaling. The BAR (Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs) domain is a membrane lipid
binding domain present in a wide variety of proteins, often
proteins with a role in Rho-regulated signaling pathways. The
fourth article presents AP180 N-terminal homology (ANTH) and Epsin
N-terminal homology (ENTH) domains and discusses their
physiological functions and involvement in disease. The fifth
article reviews the polyphosphoinositide-binding domains and
presents insights from peripheral membrane and lipid-transfer
proteins. This is followed by a chapter on the physiological
functions of phosphoinositide-modifying enzymes and their
interacting proteins in Arabidopsis, then by a chapter on the
molecular mechanisms of Vaspin action in various tissues such as
adipose tissue, skin, bone, blood vessels, and the brain. The
eighth chapter deals with exceptionally selective substrate
targeting by the metalloprotease anthrax lethal factor followed by
an article on Salmonella, E. coli, and Citrobacter type III
secretion system effector proteins that alter host innate immunity.
The last chapter presents New techniques to study intracellular
receptors in living cells, with insights into RIG-I-like receptor
signaling. Volume 20 is intended for research scientists,
clinicians, physicians and graduate students in the fields of
biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, immunology and
genetics.
The aim of the Protein Reviews is to serve as a publication vehicle
for review articles that focus on crucial current vigorous aspects
of protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. The volumes
will appear online before they are published in a printed book.
Articles are selected according to their importance to the
understanding of biological systems, their relevance to the
unravelling of issues associated with health and disease or their
impact on scientific or technological advances and developments.
The chapters in volume 18 are authored by experts in the field.
They deal with aspects of structure and/or biological activity of
selected proteins. The chapters review current research of the
following topics: the Mechanism of channel gating and regulation of
the activity of calcium-activated chloride channel ANO1, Structure
and function of the two-component cytotoxins of Staphylococcus
aureus, Membrane Fusion and Infection involving the influenza virus
hemagglutinin, The impact of arrhythmogenic mutations through the
structural determination of the L-type voltage-gated calcium
channel, Discussion of some open questions pertaining to histone
post-translational modifications and nucleosome organization in
transcriptional regulation, Regulation of the extracellular
SERPINA5 (protein C inhibitor) penetration through cellular
membranes, Coding of Class I and II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases,
Nephrin phosphorylation in diabetes and chronic kidney injury, The
structure-forming juncture in oxidative protein folding and the
events in the ER, The polyspecificity of anti-lipid antibodies and
its relevance to the development of autoimmunity. This volume is
intended for research scientists, clinicians, physicians and
graduate students in the fields of biochemistry, cell biology,
molecular biology, immunology and genetics.
The aim of the Protein Reviews is to serve as a publication vehicle
for review articles that focus on crucial current vigorous aspects
of protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. The volumes
will appear online before they are published in a printed book.
Articles are selected according to their importance to the
understanding of biological systems, their relevance to the
unravelling of issues associated with health and disease or their
impact on scientific or technological advances and developments.
The chapters in volume 18 are authored by experts in the field.
They deal with aspects of structure and/or biological activity of
selected proteins. The chapters review current research of the
following topics: the Mechanism of channel gating and regulation of
the activity of calcium-activated chloride channel ANO1, Structure
and function of the two-component cytotoxins of Staphylococcus
aureus, Membrane Fusion and Infection involving the influenza virus
hemagglutinin, The impact of arrhythmogenic mutations through the
structural determination of the L-type voltage-gated calcium
channel, Discussion of some open questions pertaining to histone
post-translational modifications and nucleosome organization in
transcriptional regulation, Regulation of the extracellular
SERPINA5 (protein C inhibitor) penetration through cellular
membranes, Coding of Class I and II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases,
Nephrin phosphorylation in diabetes and chronic kidney injury, The
structure-forming juncture in oxidative protein folding and the
events in the ER, The polyspecificity of anti-lipid antibodies and
its relevance to the development of autoimmunity. This volume is
intended for research scientists, clinicians, physicians and
graduate students in the fields of biochemistry, cell biology,
molecular biology, immunology and genetics.
The aim of the Protein Reviews is to serve as a publication vehicle
for review articles that focus on crucial current vigorous aspects
of protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volume 17
of Protein Reviews is the beginning of a new publication format.
The volumes will appear online before they are published in a
printed book. Articles will be selected according to their
importance to the understanding of biological systems, their
relevance to the unravelling of issues associated with health and
disease or their impact on scientific or technological advances and
developments. The chapters in this volume are authored by experts
in the field. They deal with aspects of structure and biological
activity of selected proteins. Specific chapters deal with the
aggregation of FET proteins (FUS, EWSR1, TAF15) as a pathological
change in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, structural changes
fundamental to gating of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane
conductance regulator anion channel pore, the dual roles for
epithelial splicing regulatory proteins 1 (ESRP1) and 2 (ESRP2) in
cancer progression, controlling autolysis during flagella insertion
in Gram-negative bacteria, the regulation of skeletal muscle
myoblast differentiation and the proliferation by pannexins,
hyaluronidase and chondroitinase, factors that control mitotic
spindle elongation, how secreted phospholipase A2 type IIA
(sPLA2-IIA) activates integrins in an allosteric manner, the simple
and unique allosteric machinery of Thermus caldophilus lactate
dehydrogenase, and the reduction of chemically stable multibonds:
Nitrogenase-like biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles. This volume is
intended for research scientists, clinicians, physicians, and
graduate students in fields of biochemistry, cell biology,
molecular biology microbiology, immunology and genetics.
Silicone Gels as Adjuvants: Effects on Humoral and Cellmediated
Immune Responses; J.O. Naim, C.J. van Oss The Effect of Molecular
Weight and Gel Preparation on Humoral Adjuvancy of Silicone Oils
and Silicone Gels; J.O. Naim, C.J. van Oss Glucans as Immunological
Adjuvants; N. Mohagheghpour, et al. Copolymer Adjuvants; R.N. Brey
Regulation of Il4 and Il5 Secretion by Histamine and PGE2; M.M.
Khan Immunoglobulin Isotype Modulation after Administration of
Il12; V. Van Cleave, et al. Substance P Mediated Stimulation of
Cytokine Levels in Cultured Murine Bone Marrow Stromal Cells; J.M.
Manske, et al. Malaria Transmissionblocking Immunity:
Identification of Epitopes and Evaluation of Immunogenicity; N.
Kumar, et al. Experimental Feline Lyme Borreliosis As a Model for
Testing Borrelia burgdorferi Vaccines; M.D. Gibson, et al. Liposoma
Vaccines; S. Green, et al. Protection Strategies against Botulinum
Toxin; L. Middlebrook Collagen Arthritis in T Cell Receptor
Congenic Mice: A Unique Approach to Study the Role of T Cell
Receptor Genotypes in Autoimmune Arthritis; G.H.H. Nabozny, C.S.
David The Blood-Brain Barrier in Virusinduced Demyelination; C.J.R.
Welsh, et al. 14 additional articles. Index.
Is There a Link between the Nature of Agents That Trigger Mast
Cells and the Induction of Immunoglobulin (IG)E Synthesis?.-
Immunogenetic Aspects of IgE-Mediated Responses.- Structure and
Function of the Low Affinity IgE Receptor.- Characterization of the
Human IgE Fc-Fce RIa Interaction.- The Analysis of Mast Cell
Function in Vivo Using Mast Cell-Deficient Mice.- The Immunogenetic
Basis of Collagen Induced Arthritis in Mice: An Experimental Model
for the Rational Design of Immunomodulatory Treatments of
Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Suppression of Experimental Autoimmune
Myasthenia Gravis by Epitope-Specific Neonatal Tolerance.- T Cell
Reactivity to Self and Allogeneic MHC-Peptides.- Antiribosomal
Antibodies in SLE, Infection, and Following Deliberate
Immunization.- Cross-Reactions of Anti-Immunoglobulin Sera with
Synthetic T-Cell Receptor ? Peptides: Mapping on a 3-Dimension
Model.- Stress Proteins in Autoimmunity.- Polyclonal B Cell
Activation and B Cell Cross-Reactivity During Autoantibody
Production in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.- Autoantibody Activity
and V Gene Usage by B-Cell Malignancies.- Naturally Occurring Human
Autoantibodies to Defend T-Cell Receptor and Light Chain Peptides.-
Natural Autoantibodies.- Regulatory Autoantibody and Cellular Aging
and Removal.- B-Cell Origin of Cold Agglutinins.- Initiation of
Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes and Molecular Cloning of a Gene Encoding
for Islet Cell-Specific 37KD Autoantigen.- Mapping of the
Polypeptide Chain Organization of the Main Extracellular Domain of
the ?-Subunit in Membrane-Bound Acetylcholine Receptor by
Anti-Peptide Antibodies Spanning the Entire Domain.
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