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Glycosmis is a clearly defined genus within the tribe Clauseneae of
the Aurantioideae subfamily of the family Rutaceae comprising about
40 species (1). Its range of distribution is centered in south and
southeast Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia,
Indonesia) and extends to south China and Taiwan as well as to New
Guinea and north Australia. Exceptions are only cultivated species
like the Chinese G. parvijiora (Sims) Little, formerly called G.
citrifolia (Willd. ) Lindley, which became naturalized in tropical
America and Africa (Angola) (1). The shrubs or small trees are
unarmed and possess pinnate or simple leaves with translucent
punctate glands emitting an aromatic odor when crushed. The
axillary inflorescences are usually dispersed closed panicles with
small white flowers. The fruits are mostly pink, reddish or white
berries of about I cm in diameter with only one or two seeds. The
genus name Glycosmis originates from the sweet smell of the flowers
and the sweet taste of the fleshy pericarp of the fruits. A good
field and herbarium character of the genus is that the buds of new
leaves are usually covered with short rusty-red hairs. In spite of
the good delimitation of Glycosmis from the other closely related
Clauseneae genera Clausena, Micromelum, Murraya, and Merrillia and
the already existing subrevisionary treatment by Stone (1), there
are still many unresolved taxonomic problems at the species level.
The use of ion beams for the modification of the structure and
properties of the near-surface region of ceramics began in earnest
in the early 19805. Since the mechanical properties of such
materials are dominated by surface flaws and the surface stress
state, the use of surface modification tech niques would appear to
be an obvious application. As is often the case in research and
development, most of the initial studies can be characterized as
cataloging the response of various ceramic materials to a range of
ion beam treatments. The systematic study of material and ion beam
parameters is well underway and we are now designing experiments to
provide specific information about the processing parameter -
structure-property rela tionships. This NATO-Advanced Study
Institute was convened in order to assess our current state of
knowledge in this field, to identify opportunities and needs for
further research, and to identify the potential of such processes
for technological application. It became apparent that this class
of inorganic compounds, loosely termed ceramics, presents many
challenges to the understanding of ion-solid inter actions, the
relationships among ion-beam parameters, materials parameters, and
the resulting structures, as well as relationships between
structure and properties. In many instances, this understanding
will represent a major extension of that learned from the study of
metals and semiconductors."
The volumes of this classic series, now referred to simply as Zechmeister after its founder, L. Zechmeister, have appeared under the Springer Imprint ever since the series inauguration in 1938. The volumes contain contributions on various topics related to the origin, distribution, chemistry, synthesis, biochemistry, function or use of various classes of naturally occurring substances ranging from small molecules to biopolymers. Each contribution is written by a recognized authority in his field and provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the topic in question. Addressed to biologists, technologists, and chemists alike, the series can be used by the expert as a source of information and literature citations and by the non-expert as a means of orientation in a rapidly developing discipline.
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