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Written in 1954 and published here for the first time, The Social
Background of Delinquency deals with the social climate in which
juvenile delinquency crops up time after time. It examines
‘bad’ behaviour among people who could otherwise be classed as
‘normal’ members of ordinary English society. It attempts to
explore certain aspects of the sub-cultures within respectable
society which appear to breed behaviour officially classed as
‘delinquent’. The research is based on a working-class town in
the Midlands with a high proportion of miners and observes a pair
of similar streets in five areas of the town. Each pair of streets
containing one delinquency-free and one with a history of trouble.
Not content with a mere survey, the research design is multifaceted
and includes ethnographic observations, key informant interviews,
personal history analyses and 'the playroom method' explicitly
designed to ascertain children's views. The findings are reported
here and represent a snapshot of life in the 1950s.
Regulation by Proxy catalogues the intermediaries that are critical
to organic certification, including the National Organic Standards
Board, accredited certifying agents, organic inspectors, the
California State Organic Program, the Accredited Certifiers
Association, the International Organic Inspectors Association, and
material review organizations. Drawing on a range of evidence, from
original data to the work of prominent food policy authors, Carter
assesses each intermediary's contributions to organic standards
development, administration, and enforcement. Carter's analysis
shows that there are undeniable benefits to how organic food is
regulated in the U.S., however, relying on an assortment of
intermediaries requires multifaceted oversight for which the USDA
may not always have sufficient tools or capacity to realize.
This book deals with the behaviour of soft ground improved by
some of the more common methods, including the installation of
prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs), or the installation of
soil-cement columns formed by deep mixing, or the preloading of
soft ground by application of a vacuum pressure in addition to, or
instead of, a surcharge loading. In particular, it describes the
theories and the numerical modelling techniques that may be applied
to these soft ground improvement schemes to estimate the immediate
and time-dependent mechanical response of the in situ soil.
Particular emphasis has been placed on methods that reliably
predict ground deformations associated with ground improvement
techniques.
The book commences with a brief description of the various
ground improvement methods and then describes general techniques
for modelling the behaviour of soft clay subsoils by the finite
element method, as well as details of the methods for modelling
soft soils improved by the installation of PVDs. It also includes
chapters describing the theory of vacuum consolidation and methods
for calculating vacuum pressure-induced ground deformation, as well
as a theory which can be used to predict the response of soft
ground improved by the installation of soil-cement columns. An
important distinguishing feature of this book is the routine use of
comparisons of predictions of the proposed models with the results
of laboratory studies, and particularly field case studies, in
order to validate the proposed methods of analysis. The field case
histories are from soft soil sites at various locations around the
world.
The book is directed towards students of geotechnical
engineering as well as geotechnical practitioners. In the main it
provides complete derivations of most of the important theoretical
results, as the intention was to write a book that could be used as
both a teaching text and a reference work for students and
practitioners.
Audience The book is intended for geotechnical practitioners as
well as for students."
A sample of the most exciting developments in the cloning,
manipulation, expression and application of genetically-engineered
monoclonal antibodies. This rapidly-evolving field has witnessed
the PCR combinatorial cloning of vast immunological diversity, in
vitro mutagenesis of MAbs, MAbs created by transgenic animals,
novel expression systems in plants, animals and lower systems, as
well as a rich variety of genetically modified MAbs as potential
therapeutic agents. Leading scientists from academia and industry
present their own findings as well as short reviews of these
research areas.
This volume uses a feminist approach to examine the vast amount of
material on breast-feeding. Baby milk manufacture is usually seen
as the sole cause of the decline in breast-feeding. Using
interviews with women, the author looks at other dimensions: the
sexualization of breasts; the conditions under which the infant
feeding takes place and professional interventions into mothering.
Policy documents and popular breast-feeding books are shown to be
preoccupied with getting women to do what they deem natural rather
than with women's real needs.
This volume uses a feminist approach to examine the vast amount of
material on breast-feeding. Baby milk manufacture is usually seen
as the sole cause of the decline in breast-feeding. Using
interviews with women, the author looks at other dimensions: the
sexualization of breasts; the conditions under which the infant
feeding takes place and professional interventions into mothering.
Policy documents and popular breast-feeding books are shown to be
preoccupied with getting women to do what they deem natural rather
than with women's real needs.
Despite the enormous capacity of the human brain, we only utilise on average two per cent of our potential brainpower. There is therefore enormous potential for us to expand our brainpower considerably and regular testing is a key method of doing just that. Included in this book are 40 brand new psychometric tests and two intelligence tests. The psychometric tests cover such subjects as risk-taking, leadership, positivity, aggression, tact, ambition, tolerance and imagination. The intelligence tests use word and number puzzles, maths and diagrams to test your spatial, verbal, numerical and logical ability to the limit. There are nearly 1,000 individual questions in all. Scores and answers to all the tests are included. Use this and other books in the IQ Workout Series as a fun and informative way of testing, assessing, and expanding your brainpower! These books are suitable for anyone from 18 to 80 who wants to put themself to the test. Ken Russell and Philip Carter have written nearly 100 books on all aspects of testing, puzzles and crosswords.
Regulation by Proxy catalogues the intermediaries that are critical
organic certification, including the National Organic Standards
Board, accredited certifying agents, organic inspectors, the
California State Organic Program, the Accredited Certifiers
Association, the International Organic Inspectors Association, and
material review organizations. Drawing on a range of evidence, from
original data to the work of prominent food policy authors, Carter
assesses each intermediary’s contributions to organic standards
development, administration, and enforcement. Carter’s analysis
shows that there are undeniable benefits to how organic food is
regulated in the U.S., however, relying on an assortment of
intermediaries requires multifaceted oversight for which the USDA
may not always have sufficient tools or capacity to realize.
This book deals with the behaviour of soft ground improved by
some of the more common methods, including the installation of
prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs), or the installation of
soil-cement columns formed by deep mixing, or the preloading of
soft ground by application of a vacuum pressure in addition to, or
instead of, a surcharge loading. In particular, it describes the
theories and the numerical modelling techniques that may be applied
to these soft ground improvement schemes to estimate the immediate
and time-dependent mechanical response of the in situ soil.
Particular emphasis has been placed on methods that reliably
predict ground deformations associated with ground improvement
techniques.
The book commences with a brief description of the various
ground improvement methods and then describes general techniques
for modelling the behaviour of soft clay subsoils by the finite
element method, as well as details of the methods for modelling
soft soils improved by the installation of PVDs. It also includes
chapters describing the theory of vacuum consolidation and methods
for calculating vacuum pressure-induced ground deformation, as well
as a theory which can be used to predict the response of soft
ground improved by the installation of soil-cement columns. An
important distinguishing feature of this book is the routine use of
comparisons of predictions of the proposed models with the results
of laboratory studies, and particularly field case studies, in
order to validate the proposed methods of analysis. The field case
histories are from soft soil sites at various locations around the
world.
The book is directed towards students of geotechnical
engineering as well as geotechnical practitioners. In the main it
provides complete derivations of most of the important theoretical
results, as the intention was to write a book that could be used as
both a teaching text and a reference work for students and
practitioners.
Audience The book is intended for geotechnical practitioners as
well as for students.
In this extended essay, Nortin M. Hadler and Stephen P. Carter
introduce a new approach to reforming the American health-care
system-a plan they call the Universal Workers' Compensation Model
(UWCM). Drawing on Hadler's expertise as a physician and Carter's
as an attorney, the two have conceived the UWCM as a state-level
alternative that would supersede current solutions debated at the
national level. They begin by summarizing the history and present
complexity and irrationality of America's health-insurance system.
They then lay out the key concepts underlying the UWCM regime and
the practical policy steps necessary to enact it. At the heart of
the UWCM is a broader understanding of what constitutes worker's
health, one grounded in scientific research and cognizant of the
wide range of physical and mental illnesses that can afflict
workers. The UWCM stipulates a single policy providing rational and
reasoned recourse for universal risks: illness, injury, disability,
and death. Presenting their ideas with precision in this 34-page
pamphlet, Hadler and Carter intend to spark discussion among
health-care providers, insurers, legislators, and everyday citizens
about how we might move beyond the limits of the current debate
toward new, truly effective solutions.
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