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Emerging Nanotechnologies in Immunology aims to deliver a
systematic and comprehensive review of data concerning the nature
of interaction and nano-related risks between the
nanophamaceuticals currently in the pipeline of S&T development
for skin, ocular, and nasal drug delivery, including absorption,
toxicity, and the ability to distribute after systemic exposure.
The scientific development of manufactured nanomaterials for drug
delivery is increasing rapidly. One of the most prominent
applications is topical drug delivery, where cutaneous, ocular, and
nasal exposure becomes even more relevant. These targets are the
first barrier that nanoparticles encounter when in contact with the
human body. The contributors addresses a representative set of the
broad spectrum of nanopharmaceuticals currently being used,
including cationic lipid nanoparticles, polymeric PLGA, PLA
nanoparticles, biomacromolecules-based nanoparticles, and other
scaffolds tissue engineered skin substitutes. Regulation and risk
is also covered, since the safety of these nanophamaceuticals still
represents a barrier to their wide innovative use.
"Cell niches" are present in several human body tissues as a
dynamic microenvironment essential to modulate stem cells' behavior
in health, under injury, and in regenerative processes. The
interplay between stem cells and their niche is necessary for
sustaining tissues. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the crucial
component of the stem cell. It defines the architectural space,
physical binding to the cell membrane, and interactions with the
neighborhood cells and supports physical stress. Domains with nano
or micrometric sizes define the surface and topology of the ECM,
mediating cell interactions and macrophage recruitment to injured
sites. Over the last two decades, the integration of biomedicine
with other engineering and biomaterial sciences promoted the
development of nanotechnology and regenerative medicine toward
mimicking the specialized stem cell niches to treat diseases with
less invasive and efficient therapies. Innovative approaches in
nanotechnology, such as targeting the immunological system,
transporting drugs across blood-brain/BBB and blood-retinal
barriers/BRB, directing active moiety to specific disease
location/organs, encapsulation of multiple components, and
promoting signalization and pathway-specific surfaces for cell
interactions and growth, are indeed promising. On the other side,
developments of biomaterial scaffolds to mimic the cell niches for
interactions with stem cells in vitro or in vivo have tremendous
potential. The three-dimensional printing technology offers a base
for a wide array of applications, for example, developing tissue
constructs, mimetic organs, organoids, and organ-on-a-chip, thus
avoiding the differences between animal model species and humans.
Aiming closer to the natural environments, fresh autologous
products from the blood, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP),
contain platelets and leukocytes, providing growth factors,
cytokines, and proteins for the resident stem cells in the stages
of regeneration. PRP also provides pain relief, reducing
disabilities in elderly or diseased people. This book brings
thought-provoking multidisciplinary topics on the diverse aspects
of basic and applied sciences. The prime focus of the compilation
is to understand the challenges researchers encounter in combining
nanotechnology and regenerative medicine, ultimately integrating
both disciplines for the benefit of the patient and offering them a
ray of hope to be cured.
Completely dedicated to the biomedical applications of metal
nanoparticles, this book covers the different toxicity problems
found in healthcare situations and also provides comprehensive info
on the use of metal nanoparticles in treating various diseases.
Metal Nanoparticles in Pharma is the first edited volume to set up
the discussion for a clinical setting and to target a
pharmaceutical audience of academic and industry-based researchers.
The Peritoneal cavity (PC) is key metastatic site for
intra-abdominal malignancies (e.g. GI tract and rectal cancer). PC
site can be used to target several other diseases where lymphatic
drug delivery is desired without dumping large amount of drug. Till
recently, it was thought that treatment with curative intent was
impossible but that was challenged by the introduction of
cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy
(HIPEC) and PIPAC (pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol
chemotherapy). Recently, a growing number of preclinical and
clinical studies advocate intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy as an
alternative post-operative therapy cancer. Although their
effectiveness has been proven both experimentally and clinically,
there is still little understanding on role of drug delivery
systems (DDS) for targeting drugs to IP cavity. Nevertheless, IP
chemotherapy has not yet been adopted widely in practice for the
ovarian cancer treatment, and there are several challenges in IP
drug delivery.There are two main challenges one posed by IP cavity
where the residence time of a small molecular weight drug (<20
kDa) is not sufficiently long to maintain therapeutic effect. This
leads to frequent or continuous dosing. Another challenge is
device related: catheter-related problems, such as catheter
obstruction, increased risk of infection, and bowel complications.
Overall literature shows that IP site is satisfactory explored by
clinician but in terms of drug delivery not that much. One can see
clear cut gap of expertise exchange between two fields, and guiding
regulatory law makers on new medications.In summary, challenges
like delivery to IP cavity, tumor or organ specific targeting,
efficient tissue penetration, optimal cellular uptake and
intracellular residence of a drug, biocompatibility, toxicity etc
can be easily solved by smartly designing functional drug delivery
systems (both nano and micro). Nanotechnologies have always
fascinated human since several decades and are now widely explored
in biomedical field. Diverse types of nanoparticles are being
explored around the world, some examples include biodegradable
nanoparticles, green nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, lipid
nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, graphene, carbon nanotubes and
several others. Now a day's nanoparticles are gaining interest for
drug targeting of chemotherapeutic drugs, immunotherapy and gene
delivery. Whereas microparticles can be explored for delayed drug
delivery to peritoneal cavity due to relatively slowly removal from
IP fluid. Hydrogels or other adhesive drug delivery may help to
enhance peritoneal adhesions; thereby maintaining the balance
between benefit-and-risk. Overall, drug delivery systems are key in
IP targeting. That means drug delivery specialist and clinician
needs to be connected to get best out of this route of drug
administration.Present books, is a link between pharmaceutical
scientist (delivery formulators), clinicians, toxicologist and
regulatory experts. This book also provides new perspective to
researchers to divert or guide their research in optimal way.
Exploring Drug Delivery to the Peritoneum serves as a platform for
upcoming technologies especially in medical devices sector to face
up and show potential in delivering drug. It is a chance for
commercial partners like insurance companies and pharma industry to
explore in this direction.
The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is a generic measure of
health effect that can be used in cost-effectiveness analysis as an
alternative to the quality-adjusted life year (QALY). Infectious
diseases are one of the major to cause significant losses of DALY
and QALY. Human infectious diseases are disorders that are
triggered by the micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses,
or parasites. The majority of such diseases are contagious and
create a public health menace. There are several reasons why
infectious diseases are deadly diseases, and one of the primary
reasons is the drug resistance developed over time. Drug
resistance-associated mutations are linked to increasing drug
efflux, modifications of the drugs, or their targets. Every year,
new drugs are being approved by FDA to treat infectious diseases.
Nonetheless, the infectious diseases will undoubtedly persist as
permanent and main threats to humanity for now and in the future. A
total of four books are covered under the series of Infectious drug
diseases. - Malarial drug delivery systems - Tubercular drug
delivery systems - Viral drug delivery systems - Infectious disease
drug delivery systems Infectious diseases are the world’s
greatest killers that present one of the most significant health
and security challenges. Humans have lived with emerging and
re-emerging pathogens since before the documented history of
civilization. The only determining fact today is - If the situation
is “worse” or “better” than in past. The answer is probably
“worse”, may be due significant increase in human population,
increased cross-continent mobility, imbalanced (stressed) life
style, irregular food habits leading to compromised innate immunity
and over or under practiced hygiene routine. When the incidence of
such a disease in people increases over 20 years or threatens to
increase, it is called an “emerging” disease, and a growing
number have made watch lists and headlines in nearly every country
-like highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza, severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS), Ebola virus, food- and waterborne
illnesses, and a range of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial
diseases TB. This book addresses current and new therapy
developments in treating such infectious diseases, updates on
finding new drugs, identification of innovative diagnostic methods,
understanding of disease research models and clinical trials
performances of new treatment modalities. Audiences from a broad
range of groups, from researchers, academicians, and public health
bodies to regulatory experts, can benefit from the compiled
information to learn more about patient needs and current research
advances in the field of infectious diseases and related research.
The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is a generic measure of
health effect that can be used in cost-effectiveness analysis as an
alternative to the quality-adjusted life year (QALY). Infectious
diseases are one of the major to cause significant losses of DALY
and QALY. Human infectious diseases are disorders that are
triggered by the micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses,
or parasites. The majority of such diseases are contagious and
create a public health menace. There are several reasons why
infectious diseases are deadly diseases, and one of the primary
reasons is the drug resistance developed over time. Drug
resistance-associated mutations are linked to increasing drug
efflux, modifications of the drugs, or their targets. Every year,
new drugs are being approved by FDA to treat infectious diseases.
Nonetheless, the infectious diseases will undoubtedly persist as
permanent and main threats to humanity for now and in the future,
primarily due to increased longevity that almost always comes at a
cost of impaired immunity. A total of four books are covered under
the series of Infectious drug diseases. - Malarial drug delivery
systems - Tubercular drug delivery systems - Viral drug delivery
systems - Infectious disease drug delivery systems The third volume
of series is focused on viral drug delivery systems. Typically,
virus attaches to the cells (referred as host cell) and releases
its DNA or RNA inside the cell. In second stage, virus’s genetic
material takes control of the cell and forces it to replicate the
virus leading to onset of disease symptoms. DNA class of viruses
include Herpes, Papilloma and Adeno viruses. RNA class of viruses
include retroviruses, such as HIV immunodeficiency virus and SARS
COV – 2 / Corona virus. This book addresses recent developments
in viral drug delivery systems. It covers many different aspects of
viral infections, ways to treat them using modern drug delivery
systems like nano particulate carriers. The choice of viral
delivery systems mainly depends upon the type of virus, duration of
life cycle, presence of drug resistance, cellular and mucosal
interaction of virus, accordingly gene or non-gene drug delivery
systems are selected. Besides that, this book also reports global
dynamics of viral diseases, future predictions of infection rate,
current treatment options, details of drug carriers like
nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, role of
biofunctionalization, and phyto-molecules in treatment of viral
infections particularly herpes, Covid-19, Ebola, HIV/AIDS,
influenza and viral hepatitis. Audiences from a broad range of
groups, from researchers, academicians, and public health bodies to
regulatory experts, can benefit from the compiled information to
learn more about patient needs and current research advances in the
field of viral drug delivery research.
This book targets new advances in areas of treatment and drug
delivery sciences for Malaria. This is the only published book
which compiles the complete road map of malarial drug delivery
systems along with an overview on the pathology, current state of
malaria across the globe, new clinical trials, emerging drugs and
evolving novel drug delivery platforms. A wide variety of novel
micro-and nano-formulations using promising technologies are being
explored to deliver the malarial drug via different administration
routes. This book addresses the gap between new approaches and old
treatment modalities and how the former is superior in
pharmacological performance when tested in in-vitro and in-vivo.
Audience from wide range group like from researchers to regulatory
bodies can benefit from the compiled information to find out
patient needs and addresses a much-needed update to the existing
malaria drug delivery research.
The book targets new advances in areas of treatment and drug
delivery sciences for tuberculosis. It covers advances in drug
therapy and drug targeting that focus on innovative trend defining
technologies and drug delivery platforms in the understanding of
host-pathogens relationship for providing better therapy. A wide
variety of novel and nano-formulations using promising technologies
are being explored to deliver the drug via different administration
routes. This book It addresses the gap between new approaches and
old treatment modalities and how they are superior in
pharmacological performance when tested in in-vitro and in-vivo.
Audience from wide range group like from researchers to regulatory
bodies can benefit from the compiled information to find out
patient needs and current research advances in the field of
tuberculosis research.
Nanopharmaceuticals reviews advances in the drug delivery field via
nanovehicles or nanocarriers that offer benefits like targeted
therapy and serves as a single dose magic bullet for multiple drug
delivery with improved drug efficiency at a lower dose,
transportation of the drug across physiological barriers as well as
reduced drug-related toxicity. The chapters are written by a
diverse group of international researchers from industry and
academia. The series Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional
Drug Delivery Systems examines the fabrication, optimization,
biological aspects, regulatory and clinical success of wide range
of drug delivery carriers. This series reviews multifunctionality
and applications of drug delivery systems, industrial trends,
regulatory challenges and in vivo success stories. Throughout the
volumes discussions on diverse aspects of drug delivery carriers,
such as clinical, engineering, and regulatory, facilitate insight
sharing across expertise area and form a link for collaborations
between industry-academic scientists and clinical researchers.
Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems
connects formulation scientists, regulatory experts, engineers,
clinical experts and regulatory stake holders. The wide scope of
the book ensures it as a valuable reference resource for
researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who
want to learn more about drug delivery systems. Other volumes in
the Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery
Systems book series: Delivery of Drugs, Volume 2, 9780128177761
Drug Delivery Trends, Volume 3, 9780128178706 Drug Delivery
Aspects, Volume 4, 9780128212226
Drug Delivery Aspects reviews additional features of drug delivery
systems, along with the standard formulation development, like
preclinical testing, conversion into solid dosage forms, roles of
excipients and polymers used on stability and sterile processing.
There is a focus on formulation engineering and related large scale
(GMP) manufacturing, regulatory, and functional aspects of drug
delivery systems. A detailed discussion on biologics and vaccines
gives insights to readers on new developments in this direction.
The series Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug
Delivery Systems examines the fabrication, optimization, biological
aspects, regulatory and clinical success of wide range of drug
delivery carriers. This series reviews multifunctionality and
applications of drug delivery systems, industrial trends,
regulatory challenges and in vivo success stories. Throughout the
volumes discussions on diverse aspects of drug delivery carriers,
such as clinical, engineering, and regulatory, facilitate insight
sharing across expertise area and form a link for collaborations
between industry-academic scientists and clinical researchers.
Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems
connects formulation scientists, regulatory experts, engineers,
clinical experts and regulatory stake holders. The wide scope of
the book ensures it as a valuable reference resource for
researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who
want to learn more about drug delivery systems.
Drug Delivery Trends examines a drift in the pharmaceutical field
across the wide range of dosage forms, drug delivery systems (micro
and nanoparticulate), at the regulatory front and on new types of
therapies in the market. This volume additionally covers the
challenges on drug delivery systems in terms of preclinical and
current ways of determining quality and the options to solve the
challenges associated with this. Most small-medium scale industries
and academics struggle with initial regulatory challenges so a
detailed discussion on regulatory trend covers the necessary basic
understanding of regulatory procedures and provides the required
guidance. The series Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional
Drug Delivery Systems examines the fabrication, optimization,
biological aspects, regulatory and clinical success of wide range
of drug delivery carriers. This series reviews multifunctionality
and applications of drug delivery systems, industrial trends,
regulatory challenges and in vivo success stories. Throughout the
volumes discussions on diverse aspects of drug delivery carriers,
such as clinical, engineering, and regulatory, facilitate insight
sharing across expertise area and form a link for collaborations
between industry-academic scientists and clinical researchers.
Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems
connects formulation scientists, regulatory experts, engineers,
clinical experts and regulatory stake holders. The wide scope of
the book ensures it as a valuable reference resource for
researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who
want to learn more about drug delivery systems.
Delivery of Drugs: Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional
Drug Delivery Systems, Volume Two examines the formulation of
micro-nanosized drug delivery systems and recaps opportunities for
using physical methods to improve efficacy via mechano-,
electroporation. The book highlights innovative delivery methods
like PIPAC, including discussions on the regulatory aspects of
complex injectables. Written by a diverse range of international
researchers from industry and academia, the chapters examine
specific aspects of characterization and manufacturing for
pharmaceutical applications as well as regulatory and policy
aspects. This book connects formulation scientists, regulatory
experts, engineers, clinical experts and regulatory stakeholders.
This level of discussion makes it a valuable reference resource for
researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who
want to learn more about the status of drug delivery systems.
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