Sustainable Biorefining of Woody Biomass to Biofuels and Biochemicals explores various technologies and pathways for the valorization of woody biomass to produce sustainable biofuels and bioproducts. Focusing on commercialization, the book discusses woody biomass availability, including harvesting, transportation and storage, biomass structure, advanced biorefinery technologies, and the economic and environmental sustainability of woody biomass-based biorefineries. Various technologies are described and assessed from a commercial perspective and practical solutions to the latest challenges are provided. The last section of the book is dedicated to the commercialization aspects of biorefineries, providing details about the techno-economic viability and environmental impact of various biorefinery approaches.This book provides readers with a unique and comprehensive reference that will help students and researchers alike identify and overcome the challenges involved in woody-biomass biorefining for biofuels and biochemicals. It will also be of interest to researchers and professionals involved more broadly in bioenergy and renewable energy, and interdisciplinary teams working across biotechnology, chemistry and chemical engineering, environmental science, and plant sciences.

Supply chains are significant in improving business efficiency. Sustainable supply chains help industries enhance their ecological, monetary, and social performance. Innovative research frameworks as well as the modelling of sustainability issues are significant to different stakeholder's perspectives. This book guides researchers and practitioners through developing effective sustainable supply chains to meet UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

This book covers the applications of fungi used in biorefinery technology. As a great many different varieties of fungal species are available, the text focuses on the various applications of fungi for production of useful products including organic acids (lactic, citric, fumaric); hydrolytic enzymes (amylase, cellulases, xylanases, ligninases, lipases, pectinases, proteases); advanced biofuels (ethanol, single cell oils); polyols (xylitol); single cell protein (animal feed); secondary metabolites; and much more.

This book covers the theory, modeling, and implementation of different RF energy harvesting systems. RF energy harvesting is the best choice among the existing renewable energy sources, in terms of availability, cost, size, and integration with other systems. The device used for harvesting RF energy is called rectenna. A rectenna can work at the microwave, millimeter-wave, and terahertz waves. It also has the capability to operate at optical frequencies to be used for 6G and beyond communication systems. This book covers all aspects of wireless power transfer (WPT)/wireless energy harvesting (WEH), basics, theoretical concepts, and advanced developments occurring in the field of energy harvesting. It also covers the design theory for different types of antenna, rectifier, and impedance matching circuits used in RF energy harvesting systems. Different future and present applications, such as charging of vehicles, smart medical health care, self-driven e-vehicles, self-sustainable home automation system, and wireless drones, have also been discussed in detail.

This book examines the public stockholding policies of selected developing countries from the perspective of WTO rules and assesses whether the provisions of the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) could hamper these countries' efforts to address the challenges of food security. Further, it highlights the need to amend the provisions of the AoA to make WTO rules just and fair for the millions of people suffering from hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. This book highlights that 12 countries namely China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Morocco, Pakistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Zambia and Zimbabwe are facing or will face problems in implementing the food security policies due to the provisions under AoA. These provisions need to be amended for permitting developing countries to address hunger and undernourishment. Progress in WTO negotiations on public stockholding for food security purposes are also discussed and analysed. The findings of this study greatly benefit trade negotiators, policymakers, civil society, farmers groups, researchers, students and academics interested in issues related to the WTO, agriculture and food security.

This exciting book presents diverse applications of microalgal renewable resources to meet modern demands for energy and value-added products. It also comprehensively describes the role of algae in sustainable and cost-effective wastewater treatment strategies, and highlights the latest research on, advances in and biotechnological relevance of algae in the areas of bioenergy, bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and green economy. The book addresses gaps in the fields of bioenergy, waste management, health and economy by providing broad information on bioenergy production, management strategies, drug development, nutraceuticals products and biobased economy using algae at the commercial level. The book introduces researchers to key and emerging innovations in the field of algal biology research and will assist policymakers, environmentalists, scientists, students and global thinkers in defining sustainable developmental goals for the future. Accordingly, it is an extremely important read for researchers and students in the environmental sciences, life sciences and chemistry, experts in the energy sector and policymakers alike.

Provides insight to extremophiles. Unveils the mysticism of extreme environments. Explores applications of extremophiles in biorefineries. Throws light on the advancement of industrially important extremozymes. Explores applications in biofilms and microbial corrosion.

1) This book addresses the need of niche promotional and marketing strategies in the new emerging markets. 2) With case studies from India and Kuwait, it showcases the use of promotion perspectives in strategical business decisions. 3) This book will be of interest to departments of business analytics and business management in UK.

Sustainable procurement is the pursuit of sustainable development objectives through the purchasing and supply process, while balancing environmental, social, and economic objectives. This book will help readers develop new contemporary knowledge about frameworks, innovative tools and techniques to achieve sustainability in public as well as private procurement practices. The book will enable scholars and practitioners working in the domain of sustainable procurement to improve the overall performance of the supply chain and further achieve UN SDGs, by making various decisions at the planning and strategic phase of the business. Features Discusses theoretical, decision making and related business management models Assists to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Provides qualitative/quantitative frameworks Covers quality innovations sustainability in sourcing Examines measurement drivers, indicators and metrics

This book 'Extremophiles: Wastewater and Algal Biorefinery' explores the potential of extremophiles/extremotolerant organisms in wastewater treatment, biorefining of algal biomass and in the treatment of industrial waste effluent. The book provides a holistic overview about the current status of extremophiles in waste water treatment and various industrial processes. The chapters comprehensively cover the scientific and research findings on various industrial applications of extremophiles such as biofuels, extremozymes, electricity generation, biofilms, microbial corrosion and waste water treatment etc. This book is an integrated source of literature for the scientists, engineers, academicians, and students working in the area of extremophiles, microbial technology and biorefinery.

The book provides an introduction of surface plasmons and presents its applications in the sensing of various chemical and biological analyses using optical fiber technology. The field is developed by introducing the surface plasmons for semi-infinite metal-dielectric interface with discussion of their propagation length and penetration depth. Practical issues with the excitation of surface plasmons in different configurations and in various geometries including various means of their excitation have also been included. The book discusses the essential components of fiber optic sensors, their functions and the performance parameters along with the theoretical description of fiber optic Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensors with respect to various light launching conditions. The fabrication methods and protocols used for the fabrication of the fiber optic SPR chemical and biosensors have been described. Some fiber optic sensing applications based on SPR phenomena and various issues, such as sensitivity enhancement, influence of external stimuli etc, have been an important part of the book.The book will help beginners as well as established researchers in understanding the fundamentals and advancements of optical fiber plasmonic sensor technology. The book contains both the rigorous theory and the experimental techniques of SPR and related variety of sensors.

Bioreactor Design Concepts for Viral Vaccine Production covers a range of interdisciplinary chapters from the engineering perspective of bioreactor design to the biotechnological perspectives of vector design for vaccine development. The book covers bioreactor concepts such as static systems, single-use systems, stirred tanks, perfusion, wave and packed-beds. It reviews options for efficient and economical production of human vaccines and discusses basic factors relevant for viral antigen production in mammalian cells, avian cells, and insect cells. This book will be a great resource for those interested in implemented novel bioreactor design or experimental schemes towards intensified or/and enhanced vaccine production.

This book covers the theory, modeling, and implementation of different RF energy harvesting systems. RF energy harvesting is the best choice among the existing renewable energy sources, in terms of availability, cost, size, and integration with other systems. The device used for harvesting RF energy is called rectenna. A rectenna can work at the microwave, millimeter-wave, and terahertz waves. It also has the capability to operate at optical frequencies to be used for 6G and beyond communication systems. This book covers all aspects of wireless power transfer (WPT)/wireless energy harvesting (WEH), basics, theoretical concepts, and advanced developments occurring in the field of energy harvesting. It also covers the design theory for different types of antenna, rectifier, and impedance matching circuits used in RF energy harvesting systems. Different future and present applications, such as charging of vehicles, smart medical health care, self-driven e-vehicles, self-sustainable home automation system, and wireless drones, have also been discussed in detail.

This exciting book presents diverse applications of microalgal renewable resources to meet modern demands for energy and value-added products. It also comprehensively describes the role of algae in sustainable and cost-effective wastewater treatment strategies, and highlights the latest research on, advances in and biotechnological relevance of algae in the areas of bioenergy, bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and green economy. The book addresses gaps in the fields of bioenergy, waste management, health and economy by providing broad information on bioenergy production, management strategies, drug development, nutraceuticals products and biobased economy using algae at the commercial level. The book introduces researchers to key and emerging innovations in the field of algal biology research and will assist policymakers, environmentalists, scientists, students and global thinkers in defining sustainable developmental goals for the future. Accordingly, it is an extremely important read for researchers and students in the environmental sciences, life sciences and chemistry, experts in the energy sector and policymakers alike.

This book examines the various issues and concerns faced by Indian agriculture under the obligations of WTO and the Free Trade Agreements. While the issues discussed pertain mainly to India, the lessons can also be derived for many other similarly placed developing countries. The book delves into various aspects of Indian agricultural trade and evaluates the domestic policies and regulations of government while also looking at external factors like WTO, free trade agreements and non-tariff barriers. Chapters of this book have been contributed by eminent agricultural economists, lawyers and social scientists providing the perspective from their sector. This book highlights the challenges and opportunities for agriculture sector under the rapidly growing regional trade agreements and results of negotiations under the WTO. It also provides critical insights into the ongoing fisheries subsidies negotiations at the WTO and issues relating to non-tariff measures. The findings have broad implications for developing countries in general and India in particular. This book will greatly benefit trade negotiators, policymakers, civil society, farmer groups, researchers, students, and academics interested in issues related to the WTO, FTAs, tariff and non-tariff barriers and other allied issues concerning Indian agriculture. The techniques used in analytical part will mostly benefit the researchers as they can not only use these techniques and methodologies for their future research, but to also carry the research forward. The book is useful for many educational institutes which teach international trade, agricultural economics, and WTO and FTAs studies.

This book covers the applications of fungi used in biorefinery technology. As a great many different varieties of fungal species are available, the text focuses on the various applications of fungi for production of useful products including organic acids (lactic, citric, fumaric); hydrolytic enzymes (amylase, cellulases, xylanases, ligninases, lipases, pectinases, proteases); advanced biofuels (ethanol, single cell oils); polyols (xylitol); single cell protein (animal feed); secondary metabolites; and much more.

This book examines the public stockholding policies of selected developing countries from the perspective of WTO rules and assesses whether the provisions of the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) could hamper these countries' efforts to address the challenges of food security. Further, it highlights the need to amend the provisions of the AoA to make WTO rules just and fair for the millions of people suffering from hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. This book highlights that 12 countries namely China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Morocco, Pakistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Zambia and Zimbabwe are facing or will face problems in implementing the food security policies due to the provisions under AoA. These provisions need to be amended for permitting developing countries to address hunger and undernourishment. Progress in WTO negotiations on public stockholding for food security purposes are also discussed and analysed. The findings of this study greatly benefit trade negotiators, policymakers, civil society, farmers groups, researchers, students and academics interested in issues related to the WTO, agriculture and food security.

Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Colonic Disorders present the current state of the art methods for targeted drug delivery to the colon. These methods can prolong drug half-lives, improve bioavailability, optimize pharmacokinetics, and reduce medication dosing frequency. Chapters are written in a way that allows the audience to not only become familiar with the most recent advancement in the field, but to better understand them by referring to various illustrations, figures, and informative tables. The contents cover an overview of colonic diseases, the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved, current and traditional therapeutic approaches, biomaterials, oral drug delivery methods, targeted drug delivery, nutraceuticals and herbal medicine approaches, prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics, nanomedicine approaches, and the current status of clinical trials in the area. Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Colonic Disorders is the perfect resources for researchers in pharma, biomaterials, and nutrition to familiarize themselves with new and upcoming therapeutic methods. Research physicians in GI can also benefit from reading this book for its clinical applications. 

This book thoroughly reviews the advancements in design and applications of Polymeric Micelles (PMs) in drug delivery. It provides information on the synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers and their types, functional chemistry for targeting and sensing, and biomedical applications. The book further provides the possibilities for designing PMs in a range of drug delivery approaches. The book addresses the molecular parameters of amphiphilic block copolymers that are required for functionalizing PMs for drug delivery applications. Additionally, the book presents recent advances in applications of PMs such as co-delivery, sensing, theranostics, delivery of nucleic acids, and proteins. Towards the end, it discusses different physico-chemical strategies to enhance the stability and drug retention of polymeric micelles and reviews the preclinical and clinical toxicity and immunogenicity-related aspects of polymeric micelles. This book is an invaluable source for academics, research, and industry professionals working in the field of polymeric micelles and drug delivery.

This book presents how federated learning helps to understand and learn from user activity in Internet of Things (IoT) applications while protecting user privacy. The authors first show how federated learning provides a unique way to build personalized models using data without intruding on users' privacy. The authors then provide a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art research on federated learning, giving the reader a general overview of the field. The book also investigates how a personalized federated learning framework is needed in cloud-edge architecture as well as in wireless-edge architecture for intelligent IoT applications. To cope with the heterogeneity issues in IoT environments, the book investigates emerging personalized federated learning methods that are able to mitigate the negative effects caused by heterogeneities in different aspects. The book provides case studies of IoT based human activity recognition to demonstrate the effectiveness of personalized federated learning for intelligent IoT applications, as well as multiple controller design and system analysis tools including model predictive control, linear matrix inequalities, optimal control, etc. This unique and complete co-design framework will benefit researchers, graduate students and engineers in the fields of control theory and engineering.

This book examines the various issues and concerns faced by Indian agriculture under the obligations of WTO and the Free Trade Agreements. While the issues discussed pertain mainly to India, the lessons can also be derived for many other similarly placed developing countries. The book delves into various aspects of Indian agricultural trade and evaluates the domestic policies and regulations of government while also looking at external factors like WTO, free trade agreements and non-tariff barriers. Chapters of this book have been contributed by eminent agricultural economists, lawyers and social scientists providing the perspective from their sector. This book highlights the challenges and opportunities for agriculture sector under the rapidly growing regional trade agreements and results of negotiations under the WTO. It also provides critical insights into the ongoing fisheries subsidies negotiations at the WTO and issues relating to non-tariff measures. The findings have broad implications for developing countries in general and India in particular. This book will greatly benefit trade negotiators, policymakers, civil society, farmer groups, researchers, students, and academics interested in issues related to the WTO, FTAs, tariff and non-tariff barriers and other allied issues concerning Indian agriculture. The techniques used in analytical part will mostly benefit the researchers as they can not only use these techniques and methodologies for their future research, but to also carry the research forward. The book is useful for many educational institutes which teach international trade, agricultural economics, and WTO and FTAs studies.

This book uncovers the stakes and possibilities of handling pandemic diseases with the help of Computational Intelligence, using cases and applications from the current Covid-19 pandemic. The book chapters will focus on the application of CI and its related fields in managing different aspects of Covid-19, including modelling of the disease spread, data-driven prediction, identification of disease hotspots, and medical decision support.

Sustainable procurement is the pursuit of sustainable development objectives through the purchasing and supply process, while balancing environmental, social, and economic objectives. This book will help readers develop new contemporary knowledge about frameworks, innovative tools and techniques to achieve sustainability in public as well as private procurement practices. The book will enable scholars and practitioners working in the domain of sustainable procurement to improve the overall performance of the supply chain and further achieve UN SDGs, by making various decisions at the planning and strategic phase of the business. Features Discusses theoretical, decision making and related business management models Assists to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Provides qualitative/quantitative frameworks Covers quality innovations sustainability in sourcing Examines measurement drivers, indicators and metrics