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"Summa Theologica" is considered Aquinas' greatest work and most
complete explanation of his theology. Part 3 focuses on Christ
being the way to God and the necessity of the incarnation.
The Book of Causes, highly influential in the medieval university,
was commonly but incorrectly understood to be the completion of
Aristotle's metaphysics. It was Thomas Aquinas who first judged it
to have been abstracted from Proclus's Elements of Theology,
presumably by an unknown Arabic author, who added to it ideas of
his own. The Book of Causes is of particular interest because
themes that appear in it are echoed in the metaphysics of Aquinas:
its treatment of being (esse) as proceeding from the First Creating
Cause; the triadic scheme of being, living, and knowing; and the
general scheme of participation in which "all is in all." Thus, the
Book of Causes provides a historical backdrop for understanding and
appreciating Aquinas's development of these themes in his
metaphysics. Thomas's Commentary on the Book of Causes, composed
during the first half of 1272, is a distinct philosophical work in
its own right. It provides an extended view of his approach to
Neoplatonic thought and functions as a guide to his metaphysics.
Though long neglected and, until now, never translated into
English, it deserves an equal place alongside his commentaries on
Aristotle and Boethius. In addition to the extensive annotation,
bibliography, and thorough introduction, this translation is
accompanied by two valuable appendices. The first provides a
translation of another version of proposition 29 of the Book of
Causes, which was not known to St. Thomas. The second lists
citations of the Book of Causes found in the works of St. Thomas
and cross-references these to a list showing the works, and the
exact location within them, where the citations can be found.
Among the great works of Thomas Aquinas, the ""Commentary on the
Sentences of Peter Lombard"" has suffered almost total neglect
among translators. Such neglect is surprising, considering that the
massive Commentary - more than 4,000 pages in the last printed
edition - is not only Aquinas' first systematic engagement with all
the philosophical and theological topics on which he expended his
energy over the span of a short career but is also characterized by
an exuberance and elaborateness seldom found in his subsequent
writings. Although Chenu had already drawn attention decades ago to
the importance of studying this youthful tour de force for a fuller
understanding of Thomas' more mature work, the ""Commentary on the
Sentences"" has remained a closed book for many modern students of
Thomistic and medieval thought because of its relative
inaccessibility in English or in Latin.The present volume,
containing all the major texts on love and charity, makes available
what is by far the most extensive translation ever to be made from
the Commentary with the added benefit that the better part of the
translation is based on the (as yet unpublished) critical edition
of the Leonine Commission. The collection of texts from all four
books has a tight thematic coherence that makes it invaluable to
students of Thomas' moral philosophy, moral theology, and
philosophical theology. In addition, the inclusion of parallel
texts from Aquinas' first (Parisian) Commentary as well as from his
second (Roman) attempt at a commentary, the recently rediscovered
""Lectura Romana"", makes this edition all the more valuable for
those who wish to track the internal development of Thomas'
thinking on these matters.The new availability of so many rich
passages from the ""Commentary on the Sentences"" will encourage
and facilitate use of a magnificent resource that deserves to be
better known.
"An Introduction to the Metaphysics of St. Thomas Aquinas" is an
accessible Aquinas and a solid entry into his work. The format is
manageable, and the scope, appropriately limited. James F.
Anderson's skillful collection and lucid translation makes the
pleasure of reading Aquinas available as it has not been before.
" All I have written seems chaff to me." Thus six months before his
death spoke the greatest mind of the Middle Ages. He had up to this
time lived a life full of labour, lecturing, writing, dictating,
and praying; and now after having received a revelation he laid
aside his pen and would write no more. His favourite disciple, with
a directness characteristic of him, asked him why he would not
write when he was in the midst of a great work; to which he simply
replied, "I cannot." Being pressed still further he again said, " I
cannot, for all that I have written seems chaff to me." This
incident, well attested as it is, is so clearly sincere that no
interpretation of it can rob it of its grandeur and pathos. The
words were spoken by a man still only in his prime, as far as years
go, but one whom incessant labour and devotion to a high cause had
brought, at the age of forty nine, into the valley of the shadow.
His name is one that all men of education profess to know. His fame
is noised abroad scarcely less by those who ignorantly contemn,
than by those who injudiciously worship him. But his life, his real
concrete life, is still in many ways a closed book. For while one
class of men look on him as a great intellect, and another as a
great holiness, the human lines of Aquinas have been singularly
neglected. His holiness and his greatness in the eyes of a critical
generation will depend, not on the mysteries of his extraordinary
raptures, but on the way in which he a man bore himself in the
jostle of life with men. If this has not been overlooked by his
many biographers it has, for the most part, been undervalued, and
it is fitting that in this age, which bears some resemblance to the
Renaissance in the re-discovery of the enduring masterpieces of
olden time either from neglect or undiscerning attention, some
attempt should be made to show Aquinas to the world, not as a saint
on a pedestal or a statue above the rostrum, but as one faring in
the road of life and faring manfully. This work contains: OFFICE OF
CORPUS CHRISTI THE EFFICACY OF PRAYER THE NATURE OF TRUTH
DETERMISISM Os GRACE CHARITY ASD FRIESDSHIP RELIGIOS ASD HOLISESS
THE SERVICE OF GOD PURITY THE SAISTS THE INCARNATIOS Os FAITH THE
TEACHINGS OF PHILOSOPHY ASD FAITH. SUPERSTITION PAPAL POWER THE
VIRGIN MARY THE RELATIONS OF MATTER ASD FORM PRIMARY MATTER FORM
ASD NATURE OF UNITY OF FORM THE SOUL OF GOD CONTEMPLATION THOUGHT,
MEDITATION, AND CONTEMPLATION THE MODE OF CREATION THE INTELLECT
AND KNOWLEDGE KNOWLEDGE AND THE SENSES SENSE AND UNDERSTANDING THE
PRINCIPLES OF GOVERNANCE MORALITY OF BUYING ASD SELLING USURY
NATIONALITY AND THE STATE THE RIGHTS OF PROPERTY FAVOURITISM DUTY
OF A CITIZEN IN REGARD TO KNOWN CRIME THE COMMON GOOD WAR THE LOVE
OF OUR NEIGHBOUR FRIENDSHIP HABITS THE SCOPE OF NATURAL SCIENCE
SEMI ; AL CAUSES. THE ELEMENTS NATURAL SELECTION AND PURPOSE ACTION
THROUGH A MEDIUM PLANTS AND SEX WEIGHT AND DENSITY ACCIDIA WOMAN
BEAUTY PERFECTION AND MARRIAGE. LANGUAGE THE USE OF ANIMALS SIMONY
SCANDAL WHETHER WE ALWAYS WISH FOR WHAT IS GOOD LETTER OF SAINT
THOMAS NON-BAPTISED INFANTS AND THE VISION OF GOD APPENDIX
In his sixth-century work commonly known as the De hebdomadibus,
Boethius (ca. 480-524) poses the question of how created things or
substances can be good just as they are - that is, good just by
existing - without being the same as the source of all goodness,
God, who is understood to be Goodness Itself. In his commentary
written in the thirteenth century, St. Thomas Aquinas sets out to
explain the problem Boethius is treating as well as to explicate
Boethius's solution. In doing so, however, the Angelic Doctor
suggests a more developed analysis of goodness, based on his own
metaphysical perspective. Still, his view can be seen to continue
the emphasis Boethius himself placed on the notion of creation -
bringing into being - as crucial to understanding the issues at
hand. The introduction to this translation provides critical
historical background, including an account of the influence of
Cicero and Augustine, for understanding Boethius's view of being,
or esse. Based on historical and textual analysis, the authors
reaffirm the ""traditional"" interpretation, which holds that for
Boethius esse indicates form rather than a distinct act of being.
In articulating the difference between Boethius's and Aquinas's
positions on esse and on goodness, and hence the relation of esse
and goodness, Schultz and Synan show not only that Aquinas was
respectful of Boethius's stance, but that his own position could be
seen as a development in harmony with his predecessor's thought.
The English translation itself, in facing-page format with the 1992
Leonine critical edition of Aquinas's Latin text, remains faithful
to the text and at the same time clear and readable.
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