Speculations ESSAYS ON HUMANISM AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF ART By T. E. IIULME Edited by HERBERT READ With a Frontispiece and Foreword by JACOB EPSTEIN LONDON KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER CO., LTD. NEW YORK HARCOURT, BRACE COMPANY, INC. 1936 T. K. HULME From n Bronze by Jacob Epstein. CONTENTS Frontispiece Portrait of the Author from a Bronze by Jacob Epstein PAGE FOREWORD . . . . vii INTRODUCTION . . . ix AUTHORS PREFACE .... xvi HUMANISM AND THE RELIGIOUS ATTITUDE I MODERN ART AND ITS PHILOSOPHY . . 73 ROMANTICISM AND CLASSICISM . . Ill BERGSONS THEORY OF ART . . .141 THE PHILOSOPHY OF INTENSIVE MANIFOLDS I I CINDERS ..... 215 APPENDICES A. REFLECTIONS ON VIOLENCE . . 249 B. PLAN FOR A WORK ON MODERN THEORIES OF ART . . . .261 C. THE COMPLETE POETICAL WORKS OF T. E. HULME .... 265 INDEX ...... 269 FOREWORD HUI. ME was my very great friend, and what I can say about him is entirely personal. What appealed to me particularly in him was the vigour and sincerity of his thought. He was capable of kicking a theory as well as a man downstairs when the occasion de manded. I always felt him to be my chief bulwark against malicious criticism. He was a man who had no regard for personal fame or notoriety, and he considered that his work lay entirely in the future. His whole life was a preparation for the task of interpre tation which he had set himself. He would make reckless sacrifices to possess works of art which he could not really afford he bought not only my own works, but also those of Gaudier-Brzeska and this long before Gaudier was well known. Hulme was a terror to fumistes and charlatans of all kinds. His passion for the truth was uncontrolled. I recall dozens of little personal thingscharacteristic of the man but particularly our first meeting. I was at work on the Wilde monument. Hulme immediately put his own construction on my work turned it vii SPECULATIONS into some theory of projectiles. My sculp ture only served to start the train of his thought. Abstract art had an extraordinary attraction for him his own brain worked in that way. At one time, in company with a group of imagists, he composed some short poems with which, had he gone on, he would have made what would be called a literary success. But this seemed to him too facile. lyike Plato and Socrates, he drew the intellectual youth of his time around him. We have no one quite like him in England to-day. JACOB EPSTEIN. Vlli INTRODUCTION THOMAS ERNEST HUI ME was born on the i6th September 1883, at Gratton Hall, Endon, North Staffordshire. He was educated at the High School, Newcastle-under-L, yme, and at St Johns College, Cambridge. In March 1904 he was sent down from Cambridge, along with other undergraduates, for indulging in a brawl. He spent the next two years in L, ondon, studying in accordance witli his own inclinations. In July 1906 he went to Canada, where he stayed three months. He returned to England for a few weeks, and early in 1907 he went to Brussels, where for seven months he taught English and learned French and German. When he came back to London he began definitely to study those subjects on which his interest was settling. In April 1911 he attended the Philosophical Congress at Bologna and stayed in Italy travelling for about three months. Early in 1912 he sought to return to Cambridge, and he was readmitted largely through the intervention of Professor Bergson, whose letter ofrecommendation on that occasion is some indication of the impres sion Hulme was already creating ix SPECULATIONS Je me fais un plaisir de certifier que je considere Mr T. E. Hulme comme un esprit dune grande valeur. II apporte, a retude des questions philosophiques, de rares qualities de finesse, de vigueur, et de penetration. Ou je me trompe beaucoup, ou il est destine d produire des ceuvres inter essantes et importantes dans le doni aine de la philosophie en general, et plus particulicrement peut-etre dans celui de la philosophie de Vart...

This is the first collected edition of the writings of the poet, critic, and philosopher T. E. Hulme (1883-1917), a figure of huge importance in the formulation of modernist aesthetic and philosophical thought. This edition brings together for the first time all of Hulme's writings on poetry and language, philosophy, art, political theory, and the First World War. The volume includes thirteen works never before collected, such as Hulme's account of the 1911 Bologna Philosophical Congress, his essays critical of Bergson, his political writings, and his `War Notes'. It also restores to its original form and title Hulme's well-known `Humanism and the Religious Attitude', a piece which has until now only been generally available in a shortened and inaccurate version. The writings have been meticulously annotated and the edition is prefaced by an extensive biographical and critical introduction.

Bloechl (philosophy, Catholic U. of Leuven, Belgium) provides an introduction to this collection of 12 essays, all of which are published here for the first time in English (some have appeared previously in other languages or have been delivered as lectures). Arrangement is in sections on relations with others, and the question of God. A sampling of topics: the alterity of the stranger and the experience of the alien (Robert Bernasconi), Levinas from phenomenology to the immemorial (Michael Newman), and Levinas's God and Freud's trauma (Rudi Visker). The volume is not indexed.

"With its signal distinction between 'intuition' and 'analysis' and its exploration of the different levels of Duration (Bergson's term for Heraclitean flux), An Introduction to Metaphysics has had a significant impact on subsequent twentieth century thought. The arts, from post-impressionist painting to the stream of consciousness novel, and philosophies as diverse as pragmatism, process philosophy, and existentialism bear its imprint. Consigned for a while to the margins of philosophy, Bergson's thought is making its way back to the mainstream. The reissue of this important work comes at an opportune time, and will be welcomed by teachers and scholars alike." --Peter A. Y. Gunter, University of North Texas

This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

Speculations ESSAYS ON HUMANISM AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF ART By T. E. IIULME Edited by HERBERT READ With a Frontispiece and Foreword by JACOB EPSTEIN LONDON KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER CO., LTD. NEW YORK HARCOURT, BRACE COMPANY, INC. 1936 T. K. HULME From n Bronze by Jacob Epstein. CONTENTS Frontispiece Portrait of the Author from a Bronze by Jacob Epstein PAGE FOREWORD . . . . vii INTRODUCTION . . . ix AUTHORS PREFACE .... xvi HUMANISM AND THE RELIGIOUS ATTITUDE I MODERN ART AND ITS PHILOSOPHY . . 73 ROMANTICISM AND CLASSICISM . . Ill BERGSONS THEORY OF ART . . .141 THE PHILOSOPHY OF INTENSIVE MANIFOLDS I I CINDERS ..... 215 APPENDICES A. REFLECTIONS ON VIOLENCE . . 249 B. PLAN FOR A WORK ON MODERN THEORIES OF ART . . . .261 C. THE COMPLETE POETICAL WORKS OF T. E. HULME .... 265 INDEX ...... 269 FOREWORD HUI. ME was my very great friend, and what I can say about him is entirely personal. What appealed to me particularly in him was the vigour and sincerity of his thought. He was capable of kicking a theory as well as a man downstairs when the occasion de manded. I always felt him to be my chief bulwark against malicious criticism. He was a man who had no regard for personal fame or notoriety, and he considered that his work lay entirely in the future. His whole life was a preparation for the task of interpre tation which he had set himself. He would make reckless sacrifices to possess works of art which he could not really afford he bought not only my own works, but also those of Gaudier-Brzeska and this long before Gaudier was well known. Hulme was a terror to fumistes and charlatans of all kinds. His passion for the truth was uncontrolled. I recall dozens of little personal thingscharacteristic of the man but particularly our first meeting. I was at work on the Wilde monument. Hulme immediately put his own construction on my work turned it vii SPECULATIONS into some theory of projectiles. My sculp ture only served to start the train of his thought. Abstract art had an extraordinary attraction for him his own brain worked in that way. At one time, in company with a group of imagists, he composed some short poems with which, had he gone on, he would have made what would be called a literary success. But this seemed to him too facile. lyike Plato and Socrates, he drew the intellectual youth of his time around him. We have no one quite like him in England to-day. JACOB EPSTEIN. Vlli INTRODUCTION THOMAS ERNEST HUI ME was born on the i6th September 1883, at Gratton Hall, Endon, North Staffordshire. He was educated at the High School, Newcastle-under-L, yme, and at St Johns College, Cambridge. In March 1904 he was sent down from Cambridge, along with other undergraduates, for indulging in a brawl. He spent the next two years in L, ondon, studying in accordance witli his own inclinations. In July 1906 he went to Canada, where he stayed three months. He returned to England for a few weeks, and early in 1907 he went to Brussels, where for seven months he taught English and learned French and German. When he came back to London he began definitely to study those subjects on which his interest was settling. In April 1911 he attended the Philosophical Congress at Bologna and stayed in Italy travelling for about three months. Early in 1912 he sought to return to Cambridge, and he was readmitted largely through the intervention of Professor Bergson, whose letter ofrecommendation on that occasion is some indication of the impres sion Hulme was already creating ix SPECULATIONS Je me fais un plaisir de certifier que je considere Mr T. E. Hulme comme un esprit dune grande valeur. II apporte, a retude des questions philosophiques, de rares qualities de finesse, de vigueur, et de penetration. Ou je me trompe beaucoup, ou il est destine d produire des ceuvres inter essantes et importantes dans le doni aine de la philosophie en general, et plus particulicrement peut-etre dans celui de la philosophie de Vart...