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High specific activity is an important requirement for the
radiotracer for most applications in biology and medicine.
Investigations were carried out to prepare high specific activity
As-77, Tc-99m and Re-188 which have potential in radiotherapy.Many
imaging and therapeutic applications are dependent on the use of
concentrated solution of radionuclides. Concentrated solutions of
radionuclide provide good labeling yield of molecules. In this
regard the concentration techniques developed in this study for
99mTc, and 188Re will certainly increase the purity of radionuclide
as well as ensure the optimum use of generator systems in their
working life time. The Concentrated solution of these radionuclides
were successfully employed for therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals
The Book is very innovative on Pinus Forest Mycoflora of Samahni
Azad Kashmir (Pakistan). It demonstrates how fungal biodiversity is
predominantly prevailing in Samahni Forest. It demonstrates useful
and poisonous fungi of the area. moreover, it describes how
different fungal species are devastating living plants, crops and
fruit trees and their products. It cascades on pathogenic impacts
of different fungi for fauna and anthropological parameters. Some
remedial suggestions are formulated and recommended to eradicate or
reduce its injurious effects on life of man directly or
indirectly.The is very informative for mycologists, plant
pathologist, industrialists, agriculturists, forest officials and
pharmaceutist. The research students of M.Sc. M.Phil and Ph.D.may
obtain a lot assistance from this book. contact on:
[email protected] [email protected]
High specific activity is also required for isotopes meant to be
used for labeling hormones and other biological substances for
radioimmunoassays and other related assay procedures. Many imaging
and therapeutic applications are dependent on the use of
concentrated solution of radionuclides. Concentrated solutions of
radionuclide provide good labeling yield of molecules. With the
passage of time, the eluates obtained from radionuclide generator
systems yield low concentration of radionuclides, hence
concentration techniques will enhance the working life of
radionuclide generators. In this regard the concentration technique
developed in this study for Ga-68 will certainly increase the
purity of radionuclide as well as ensure the optimum use of
generator system in their working life time.
Technetium-99m is mostly eluted from 99Mo/99mTc generator system in
all nuclear medicine departments where radiopharmaceuticals are
prepared for gamma imaging purposes. The clinically useful lifetime
of a fission based 99Mo/99mTc generator is 2 weeks. At the end of
first working week, the radioactive concentration of the eluate is
about a quarter of that at the beginning of the week that places
limitations on the clinical procedures. These include
99mTc-sestamibi for myocardial perfusion studies and 99mTc-ECD
forbrain imaging. Hence safe procedure is needed for the
concentration of pertechnetate obtained from column chromatography
generators. The concentrated solution of pertechnetate obtained by
these methods were successfully employed for labeling of MIBI and
ECD kits.
Antipyretic activity of ethanol extracts of Echinops echinatus,
Alhagi maurorum, Fagonia cretica, Cymbopogon jwarancusa and Panicum
turgidum form Cholistan desert, Pakistan was determined. Plant
extracts were prepared by soaking air dried and milled plant
material in ethanol for one week, followed by filtration and
evaporation at 35oC. Treatment does with concentrations of 250, 500
and 750 mg/kg of plant extracts were prepared. Fever was produced
in rabbits, weighting 1000-1200 grams by injecting Escherichia coli
suspension at a concentration of 0.01 ml/kg of body weight. The
ethanol extracts of Fagonia cretica, at the dose of 500 mg/kg and
Pancium turgidum, at the dose of 500 and 750 mg/kg showed
significant antipyretic activity as compared to positive and
negative control. The extracts of Cymbopogon jwarancusa, Alhagi
maurorum and Echinops chinatus showed antipyretic activity but less
than positive control. These results showed that ethanol extracts
of Fagonia cretica and Panicum turgidum are more effective in
lowering temperature as compared to Echinops echinatus, Alhagi
maurorum and Cymbopogon jwarancusa.
The domestic water buffalo is a major source of milk, meat,
draught, hide and employment to the small farmers in many Asian
countries especially Pakistan. The phylogeny and genetic structure
of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is still not explored well in
Nili, Ravi, Nili-Ravi, Kundi and Azakheli buffalo breeds of
Pakistan. The genetic characterization of these breeds were
completed using mitochondrial D-loop region and FAO/ISAG
recommended microsatellite markers through sequencing and
genotyping respectively. A reasonable number of SNPs and Allele
variations were identified. The phylogenetic relationships among
these breeds as well as with other breeds of the world were
constructed using certain Bioinformatics softwares. This revealed
very interesting information about phylogeny, history of
domestication and origin of water buffalo in Pakistan and added
valuable to the AnGR of the region. The work provided the basic
data which is very helpful for determining the genetic diversity of
buffaloes, breed identification, forensic and paternity tests and
designing effective breeding and conservational policies in future.
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