In recent years, low power design has become one of the focuses of digital VLSI circuits. As technology scales, leakage currents in contemporary CMOS logic have become one of the main power consumers. Contrary to conventional methods for power reduction, operation of digital circuits in the subthreshold region minimizes power consumption in low-frequency systems. This book presents pre-layout and post-layout simulations of existing 8T Latch and proposed latch designs in sub-threshold region. The proposed circuits consist of pass transistor gate logic. Proposed designs are area efficient so useful for portable devices. The proposed designs remarkably reduce power consumption and delay hence reduces power-delay product (PDP). Comparison with the existing design and proposed latch designs are performed at 65nm and 45nm to show technology independence. Comparative simulation results show that proposed 7T latch design with delay is better choice for portable applications. Therefore, the proposed 7T latch design with delay proves to be a viable option for low power and energy efficient applications.

In recent years, low power design has become one of the prime focuses for digital VLSI circuits. As technology scales down, leakage currents in contemporary CMOS logic have become one of the main power consumers. Contrary to conventional methods for power reduction, operation of digital circuits in the subthreshold region minimizes power consumption in low-frequency systems. This book is based on pre-layout and post-layout simulations of a modified 9T full adder and 9T full adder circuit in subthreshold as well as super threshold region. The 9T circuit consists of a new logic, which is used to implement Sum module. This design remarkably reduces power consumption hence improves power-delay product (PDP) and temperature sustainability along with noise immunity and threshold loss when compared with the modified 8T adder. This book, therefore, provides a new metric of implementing high performance full adder circuit. This analysis should help shed some light on the new and exciting approach for achieving low power and high throughput adder cell and should be especially useful to post graduate students and research scholars in VLSI circuit design field.

The advancement of CMOS technologies paved the road for a growing market of mobile and portable electronic devices. This growth is driven by the continual integration of complex analog and digital building blocks on a single chip, so silicon area and power consumption are the two most valued aspects of the design. Compared to static CMOS logic, dynamic logic offers good performance. Wide fan-in logic such as domino circuits is used in high-performance applications. Dynamic domino logic circuits are widely used in modern digital VLSI circuits. These dynamic circuits are often favored in high performance designs because of the speed advantage offered over static CMOS logic circuits. In this dissertation, 2:1 multiplexer and 1:2 decoder is proposed. The proposed 2:1 multiplexer and 1:2 decoder design based on proposed high performance domino logic circuit are tested in 45nm and 65nm technologies to prove its technology independence. Design is also experimented under various substrate-biasing schemes and then the best substrate biasing technique is implemented. The proposed design is better in terms of power, delay and power delay product in comparison to other biasing conditions.

Arithmetic circuits, like adders and multipliers, are one of the basic components in the design of communication circuits. In fact 8.72% of all instructions in a typical scientific program are multiplies. The multiplier is a fairly large block of a computing system. Multiplier is not only a high-delay block but also a significant source of power dissipation. That's why, if one also aims to minimize power consumption, it is of great interest to identify the techniques to be applied to reduce delay by using various delay optimizations. Array architecture is a popular technique to implement the multipliers due to its compact structure. In this book, six array multiplier circuits using different AND cells and XOR gates have been designed, simulated, analyzed and compared. This analysis should help shed some light on the low power and high throughput 2x2 array multiplier cells and should be especially useful for post graduate students and research scholars working in low power VLSI circuit design field."

Full adder is an essential component for designing all types of processors viz. digital signal processors (DSP), microprocessors etc. In most of the digital systems adder lies in the critical path that affects the overall speed of the system. So enhancing the performance of the 1-bit full adder cell is of prime concern. This book presents the general methodology to modify performance of full adder by adding an extra transistor to the node causing loss. The introduced design of full adder cell remarkably reduces power consumption hence PDP, improves noise immunity and temperature sustainability in comparison to the conventional design. All simulations are performed on 45nm and 90nm standard models on Tanned EDA tool version 12.6. This book, therefore, provides a new metric of implementing high performance technology independent full adder circuit and the Ripple Carry Adder as its application. The analysis should help shed some light on the new and exciting approach for achieving low power and high throughput adder cell and should be especially useful to post graduate students and research scholars in VLSI circuit design field.