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This fifth volume on organoantimony compounds continues the
description of pentavalent antimony compounds and concludes the
entire series. The treatment of pentavalent compounds with three
Sb-C bonds began in Part 4 with the RSbX type and is now completed
with types RSb(X)Y, RR'SbX , RR'Sb(X)Y, 3 2 3 2 2 2 RR'R"SbX
(Section 2.5.1) and the corresponding bi- and trinuclear compounds
(Sec- 2 tions 2.5.2, p.87, and 2.5.3, p. 132). R, R', and R" denote
different organic groups bonded through carbon to the antimony
atom. X and Y represent inorganic or organic groups that are bonded
to antimony by an atom other than carbon. R, X, and/or Y can also
be chelating ligands. The remaining part of the volume completeLy
covers all pentavalent antimony compounds containing two Sb-C bonds
(RSbX , RSb(X )Y, RR'SbX , RR'Sb(X )Y, bi- and tetranucLear 2 3 2 2
3 2 compounds, Chapter 2.6, p. 134) and those containing one Sb-C
bond (RSbX , RSb(X )Y, 4 3 RSb(X)Y , bi- and trinucLear compounds,
Chapter 2.7, p. 237). These compounds form ad- 2 2 ducts with Lewis
bases (symbol D) and form many ionic compLexes by the addition of
saLts such as amine hydrochLorides (symbol MZ). The adducts and
ionic compLexes are described immediately after the parent
substances. The volume concludes with an Empirical Formula Index
(p. 318) and a Ligand Formula Index (p. 357).
The present volume continues the series on "Organotin Compounds"
which first appeared in 1975 and now comprises a collection of
fifteen volumes. The overallplan of the series has been given in
the preface of Volume 1. The present Volume 15 continues the
description of the mononuclear organotin compounds with tin-oxygen
bonds (Chapter 1.4.1 ). Treatment of organotin compounds with
tin-sulfur, -selenium, and -tellurium bonds appeared earlier in 9,
1982, and 10, 1983. Chapters 1.4.2 to 1.4.4 of Volumes Volume 15
contains RSn-oxygen compounds with R = butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl,
and 2 tert-butyl, covering the Literature completely to the end of
1985. Additional volumes describing tin-oxygen compounds with other
RSn and RSn groups will follow in the near future. 2 Abbreviations
and symbols are explained on pp. X/XI along with other remarks. We
thank Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Ekkehard Fluck and his coworkers at the
Gmelin Institute for their excellent cooperation. ln particular, we
thank Dr. Ulrich Kruerke for his accurate and sympathetic editing,
Mr. Edgar Rudolph for preparing the index, Dr. Grant for reading
the drawing the numerous formulas and molec English text, and Mr.
Hans-Georg Karrenberg for ular structures. We thank Mrs. Ellen
Redlinger, Miss Susanne Schumann, and Miss Stefanie Schumann for
their meticulous handling of the Literature index and the members
of the chemical department of the Library at the Technische
Universitat Berlin for their assistance in searching and acquiring
the references from the Literature."
The present volume is a continuation of Series B on the mononuclear
organoiron compounds. It covers the literature completely to the
end of 1979 and includes occa- sional references to the literature
up to 1982. This volume begins the description of compounds with 5L
ligands, i.e., ligands bonded to the iron atom by five carbon
atoms. 5LFe compounds are numerous, particu- larly those where 5L
is cyclopentadienyl. The stability of a 5LFe unit permits many
different ligands at the other three coordination sites of the iron
atom. Thus the present volume can only cover apart of the 5L
compounds. Main sections of the volume deal with 5LFe compounds
containing other ligands of the D and X type and 5LFe compounds
with an additional' L ligand, which include compounds with 5LFe(CO)
units (complete in this volume) and 5LFe(CO)2 units (to be
continued in B 12). Series B so far comprises volumes B 1 to B 7,
and a survey of this series has been given in the preface to B 7
(1981). The missing parts, B 8 to B 1 0, describe the remain- ing
4LFe compounds and will appear in the near future.
The present voLume continues the series on "Organotin Compounds"
which first appeared in 1975 and now comprises a coLLection of
fourteen voLumes. The overaLL pLan of the series has been given in
the preface of VoLume 1. The present VoLume 14 continues the
description of the mononucLear organotin compounds with tin-oxygen
bonds (Chapter 1.4.1). Treatment of organotin compounds with
tin-sulfur, -selenium, and -teLLurium bonds appeared earLier in
Chapters 1.4.2 to 1.4.4 of VoLumes 9, 1982, and 10, 1983. VoLume 14
contains RSn-oxygen compounds with R = methyL, ethyL, and prapyL,
covering 2 the Literature compLeteLy to the end of 1985. AdditionaL
voLumes describing tin-oxygen compounds with other RSn and RSn
groups with foLLow in the near future. 2 Abbreviations and symboLs
are expLained on pp. X/XI aLong with other remarks. We thank Prof.
Dr. Dr. h. c. Ekkehard FLuck and his coworkers at the GmeLin
Institute for their exceLLent cooperation. In particuLar, we thank
Dr. ULrich Kruerke for his accurate and sympathetic editing, Mr.
Edgar RudoLph for preparing the index, Dr. Grant for reading the
EngLish text, and Mr. Hans-Georg Karrenberg for drawing the
numerous formuLas and moLec uLar structures. We thank Mrs. ELLen
Redlinger, Miss Susanne Schumann, and Miss Stefanie Schumann for
their meticuLous handling of the Literature index and the members
of the chemicaL department of the Library at the Technische
Universitat Berlin for their assistance in searching and acquiring
the references fram the Literature."
This fourth volume on organoantimony compounds describes
pentavalent antimony com- pounds of the type R and R . The R
denotes an organic group bonded by carbon 3SbX2 3Sb=X to the
antimony atom. X represents a group, inorganic or organic, which is
bonded to the antimony by an atom other than carbon. The X atoms in
R may be part of a 3SbX2 ring system. In the case of bidentate X
ligands like 02- , S2-, SO~-, CO~-, and others, the compounds are
placed with the mononuclear RssbX compounds. 2 I once again thank
Dr. Margot Becke and Dr. Ekkehard Fluck for the stimulus that led
to this book. To the editor of the former volumes, Dr. Hubert
Bitterert gratitude and memory are due. I especially thank Drs.
Ulrich Kruerke and Marlies Mirbach for editing this volume, Mrs.
Ursula Hettwer for systematically arranging the compounds, and Mr.
Edgar Rudolph for preparing the index. Last but not least I thank
my wife Sigrid for putting my handwritten manuscript into legible
form. Gramschatz, Altes Forsthaus, June 1986 Markus Wieber x
Explanations, Abbreviations, and Units Many eompounds in this
voLume are presented in tabLes in whieh abbreviations are used and
the units are omitted for the sake of eoneiseness. This
neeessitates the foLLowing ctarifieation.
The present volume in the organogermanium series describes
mononuclear compounds containing only germanium-carbon and
germanium-hydrogen bonds (Chapter 1.3). Germanium hydrides with
other additional non-carbon ligands, such as halogen or oxygen
bonded groups, appear in later chapters according to the Gmelin
principle of the last posi tion. Compounds with Ge-H and Ge-O bonds
have already been described in Volume 5, Section 1.5.1.4, pp.
50/62. The present volume covers the literature to the end of 1992
and includes many references up to 1994. The nomenclature
recommended by IUPAC has been generally adhered to. However,
compound names were largely avoided, as most of the compounds are
presented in tables and are only identified by their formulas. Many
of the data in the tables appear in abbreviated form without units;
general explanations are given on pp. X/XI. The volume contains an
empirical formula index (p. 327) and a ligand formula index
(p.341). The editor wishes to express his gratitude to the former
author, Professor J. E. Drake, and to Professor J. Satge for his
kind advice and fruitful collaboration. Thanks are due also to Dr.
A. R. Pebler for editing the English text and to Mr. H.-G.
Karrenberg for drawing the numerous formulas and molecular
structures.
The present volume describes organoberyllium compounds containing
at least one berylli um-carbon bond, except the beryllium carbides
and cyanides. It covers the literature com pletely to the end of
1986 and includes most of the references up to mid-1987. This
Gmelin volume is different from all other volumes of the series on
organometallic compounds in that it is dedicated to an area of
research which has virtually come to a complete standstill.
Organoberyllium chemistry has never been a very popular field, and
only few workers have contributed to its slow growth, as is seen by
the relatively small number of publications in the field. This very
modest development became stagnant in the early 1970's and was
followed by a rapid decline. This exceptional fate of a branch of
organometallic chemistry is only partly due to the very limited
number of potential application~ of beryllium and its compounds.
The compounds of this element are, in principle, at least as
interesting and intriguing to scientists as those of other metals
in the Periodic Table. No doubt the main reason for the apparent
ban of all experimental organoberyllium chemistry is to be found in
the established, and alleged, hazardous properties of beryllium
compounds. Although similar hazards have been established for other
organometallics where active research is still in process, e. g. ,
mercury and lead, these observations were absolutely lethaI for
organoberyllium research.
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