Nearly sixty years after Freedom Summer, its events-especially the lynching of Andrew Goodman, James Chaney, and Mickey Schwerner-stand out as a critical episode of the civil rights movement. The infamous deaths of these activists dominate not just the history but also the public memory of the Mississippi Summer Project. Beginning in the late 1970s, however, movement veterans challenged this central narrative with the shocking claim that during the search for Goodman, Chaney, and Schwerner, the FBI and other law enforcement personnel discovered many unidentified Black bodies in Mississippi's swamps, rivers, and bayous. This claim has evolved in subsequent years as activists, journalists, filmmakers, and scholars have continued to repeat it, and the number of supposed Black bodies-never identified-has grown from five to more than two dozen. In Black Bodies in the River: Searching for Freedom Summer, author Davis W. Houck sets out to answer two questions: Were Black bodies discovered that summer? And why has the shocking claim only grown in the past several decades-despite evidence to the contrary? In other words, what rhetorical work does the Black bodies claim do, and with what audiences? Houck's story begins in the murky backwaters of the Mississippi River and the discovery of the bodies of Henry Dee and Charles Moore, murdered on May 2, 1964, by the Ku Klux Klan. He pivots next to the Council of Federated Organization's voter registration efforts in Mississippi leading up to Freedom Summer. He considers the extent to which violence generally and expectations about interracial violence, in particular, serves as a critical context for the strategy and rhetoric of the Summer Project. Houck then interrogates the unnamed-Black-bodies claim from a historical and rhetorical perspective, illustrating that the historicity of the bodies in question is perhaps less the point than the critique of who we remember from that summer and how we remember them. Houck examines how different memory texts-filmic, landscape, presidential speech, and museums-function both to bolster and question the centrality of murdered white men in the legacy of Freedom Summer.

This new anthology rounds out Ronald Reagan's rhetorical persona and fills a major gap in the literature about the man by offering an unbiased and a multi-dimensional picture of his public speeches during all phases of his political life. The 52 speech texts are arranged, with short introductions, into six topical chapters covering his Hollywood years, his eight years as governor of California, his presidential campaigns of 1976 and 1980, and his two terms as president. This compact reference will be handy for professionals and students at all levels who are looking for a well-rounded collection of both obscure and well-known speeches which offers Reagan's views on major issues at different times throughout his career. The short volume is suitable for college, university, professional, and public libraries.

This representative collection shows Ronald Reagan speaking as an actor, an ideologue, and a pragmatic politician, illustrating his diverse communication styles. The anthology contains both good and bad speeches--some that are famous and others that are little-known--and includes patriotic messages, views on citizenship, politics, and governance and on important issues at different stages in his career. This handy reference is uncompromising in its impartial selection of speeches. A short bibliography points to major sources and important studies, and a full index makes the reference completely accessible.

A small band of armed insurgents fell upon Quebec in the winter of 1775. They were sent north to liberate the Canadians, but they were abandoned in the snow, denied reinforcements, and driven up the river and out of Canada. The officers and men of the Separate Army formed their brotherhood in the anguish of their defeat, established their association following the joy of victory at Saratoga, and by doing so, launched a pervasive culture and unique lifestyle that flourished in their clubs and dominated the halls of power in the state and nation unto the second and third generation. This is a tale of the second generation, the generation that followed the American Revolution. They lived in a time of uncertainty and crisis; a time when men and women struggled against convention to find out if a nation derived from deceit, created by rebellion, and governed by greed could long survive. It's the story of a young man with a desire for success and talent for trouble who stumbles forth upon a quest for personal fame and glory in the years of political intrigue, war, and conspiracy that marked the beginning of the American Empire.

Knife / Counter-Knife Combatives by W. Hock Hochheim describes offensive and defensive knife fighting tactics in all ranges of combat including standing, sitting and on the ground. This is a complete survival tactical manual for all aspects of knife combat. W. Hock Hochheim is known worldwide as an authority on knife fighting tactics and strategies. He's the author of more than a dozen books and more than 200 dvds on a broad range of self-defense subjects. He teaches military, police and citizens in 9 countries annually.

The world has changed. Two hundred years ago most people lived in small rural communities. They walked or rode a horse when they traveled. Water wheels were their only source of power. Communication was res

This rhetorical criticism of spoken discourse examines Ronald Reagan's polished attempts to persuade the public on economic matters. Amos Kiewe and Davis Houck examine the substance, style, and developmental pattern of Reagan's rhetoric on economic matters and discuss how that rhetoric informed the president's views on other issues. This book demonstrates how rhetorical forces can play a significant role in shaping and selling economic policy.

Kiewe and Houck employ a variety of theoretical perspectives for their longitudinal study of Ronald Reagan's economic discourse, beginning with the former actor/President's Hollywood years. Their analysis of close to a hundred speeches provides a chronological account of the character and development of Reagan's economic rhetoric (as opposed to a critique of its effectiveness). Synthesizing the strategies, self-contradictions, shifts, influences, and patterns in Reagan's economic discourse, Kiewe and Houck conclude that Reagan's economic discourse heavily influenced his views and rhetoric on foreign policy, national defense, the environment, and other issues--Reagan saw the world through economic lenses. This study is valuable to political scientists, economists, and scholars of rhetoric.

Thousands of men and a few women moved into the far western lands at the edge of the Great Lakes in the early eighteenth century. This is a tale of the time: an era marked by political intrigue, commercial exploitation, emerging technology, flourishing eroticism, and pursuit of power. The French had been on the lakes for a hundred and fifty years and the Dutch aristocrats still controlled the political power of the state. But a new world order emerged on the shores of the lakes. Men enjoyed many options, but women's options were limited by the law and customs.

Some women, however, achieved their aspirations within the sporting clubs that appeared in the late 17th century and flourished before being banned in 1844. These were the men and women who created the commerce, built the cities, and fostered the lifestyle that became America.

................................................................. The performance of a nonlinear programming algorithm can only be ascertained by numerical experiments requiring the collection and implementation of test examples in dependence upon the desired performance criterium. This book should be considered as an assis tance for a test designer since it presents an extensive collec tion of nonlinear programming problems which have been used in the past to test or compare optimization programs. He will be in formed about the optimal solution, about the structure of the problem in the neighbourhood of the solution, and, in addition, about the usage of the corresp, onding FORTRAN subroutines if he is interested in obtaining them -ofi a magnetic tape. Chapter I shows how the test examples are documented. In par ticular, the evaluation of computable information about the solu tion of a problem is outlined. It is explained how the optimal solution, the optimal Lagrange-multipliers, and the condition number of the projected Hessian of the Lagrangian are obtained. Furthermore, a classification number is defined allowing a formal description of a test problem, and the documentation scheme is described which is used in Chapter IV to present the problems."

Is original sin compatible with evolution? Many today believe the answer is 'No'. Engaging Aquinas's revolutionary account of the doctrine, Daniel W. Houck argues that there is not necessarily a conflict between this Christian teaching and mainstream biology. He draws on neglected texts outside the Summa Theologiae to show that Aquinas focused on humanity's loss of friendship with God - not the corruption of nature (or personal guilt). Aquinas's account is theologically attractive in its own right. Houck proposes, moreover, a new Thomist view of original sin that is consonant with evolution. This account is developed in dialogue with biblical scholarship on Jewish hamartiology and salient modern thinkers (including Kant, Schleiermacher, Barth, and Schoonenberg), and it is systematically connected to debates over nature, grace, the desire for God, and justification. In addition, the book canvasses a number of neglected premodern approaches to original sin, including those of Anselm, Abelard, and Lombard.

In pursuing a business career, each of us is writing a story - a tale of personal choices between ethical behaviour and abdication of responsibility for the ethical consequences of one's actions. In this book, 11 distinguished contributors examine such recent cases as the Exxon Valdez crisis, Johnson and Johnson's Tylenol decisions, and Procter and Gamble's Rely product recall to assess the contribution of narrative theology and theories of virtue on the current discussion of the ethics of business management.

Is original sin compatible with evolution? Many today believe the answer is 'No'. Engaging Aquinas's revolutionary account of the doctrine, Daniel W. Houck argues that there is not necessarily a conflict between this Christian teaching and mainstream biology. He draws on neglected texts outside the Summa Theologiae to show that Aquinas focused on humanity's loss of friendship with God - not the corruption of nature (or personal guilt). Aquinas's account is theologically attractive in its own right. Houck proposes, moreover, a new Thomist view of original sin that is consonant with evolution. This account is developed in dialogue with biblical scholarship on Jewish hamartiology and salient modern thinkers (including Kant, Schleiermacher, Barth, and Schoonenberg), and it is systematically connected to debates over nature, grace, the desire for God, and justification. In addition, the book canvasses a number of neglected premodern approaches to original sin, including those of Anselm, Abelard, and Lombard.

Nearly sixty years after Freedom Summer, its events-especially the lynching of Andrew Goodman, James Chaney, and Mickey Schwerner-stand out as a critical episode of the civil rights movement. The infamous deaths of these activists dominate not just the history but also the public memory of the Mississippi Summer Project. Beginning in the late 1970s, however, movement veterans challenged this central narrative with the shocking claim that during the search for Goodman, Chaney, and Schwerner, the FBI and other law enforcement personnel discovered many unidentified Black bodies in Mississippi's swamps, rivers, and bayous. This claim has evolved in subsequent years as activists, journalists, filmmakers, and scholars have continued to repeat it, and the number of supposed Black bodies-never identified-has grown from five to more than two dozen. In Black Bodies in the River: Searching for Freedom Summer, author Davis W. Houck sets out to answer two questions: Were Black bodies discovered that summer? And why has the shocking claim only grown in the past several decades-despite evidence to the contrary? In other words, what rhetorical work does the Black bodies claim do, and with what audiences? Houck's story begins in the murky backwaters of the Mississippi River and the discovery of the bodies of Henry Dee and Charles Moore, murdered on May 2, 1964, by the Ku Klux Klan. He pivots next to the Council of Federated Organization's voter registration efforts in Mississippi leading up to Freedom Summer. He considers the extent to which violence generally and expectations about interracial violence, in particular, serves as a critical context for the strategy and rhetoric of the Summer Project. Houck then interrogates the unnamed-Black-bodies claim from a historical and rhetorical perspective, illustrating that the historicity of the bodies in question is perhaps less the point than the critique of who we remember from that summer and how we remember them. Houck examines how different memory texts-filmic, landscape, presidential speech, and museums-function both to bolster and question the centrality of murdered white men in the legacy of Freedom Summer.

The Effects of Rhetoric and the Rhetoric of Effects tackles one of the thorniest and longest-standing issues in the discipline of rhetoric - the issue of effects. While the field's founders valued the assessment of a speech's effects, later scholars moved away from it, privileging textual analysis, symbols, and meaning. Though situated and strategic oral rhetoric is created for instrumental ends, its study has been limited in recent decades. Editors Amos Kiewe and Davis W. Houck seek to resurrect the study of effects and consider it as the cornerstone of the rhetorical critic's enterprise - what rhetoric actually does. In 1925, when Herbert Wichelns essentially created the field of rhetorical criticism, he founded it on the cornerstone of effect: what did oral rhetoric do to an observable audience? Wichelns's founding statement held sway for decades, even as rhetorical critics struggled doggedly to determine "causes" to rhetoric's effects. As the speech discipline matured and cast off the ghost of Aristotelian criticism and its seeming obsession with effect, critics eventually adopted the study of symbol systems as a guiding thematic. That thematic, while enormously productive, never resolved larger questions of what these symbol systems might be doing - beyond their incipient meaning. In this volume scholars across several subfields of rhetorical criticism return to the study of effect in a world impossibly different from pre-World War II era scholarship. With the rhetorical revolution and the linguistic turn across the humanities and social sciences, effects can and should be reconceptualized to engage the myriad ways that rhetoric matters to audiences - whether in the form of listening to a speech or reading an online script for a documentary. Rhetoricians have always known that rhetoric matters; this volume asks how and how we might demonstrate that.

Building upon their critically acclaimed first volume, Davis W. Houck and David E. Dixon's new Rhetoric, Religion, and the Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1965 is a recovery project of enormous proportions. Houck and Dixon have again combed church archives, government documents, university libraries, and private collections in pursuit of the civil rights movement's long-buried eloquence. Their new work presents fifty new speeches and sermons delivered by both famed leaders and little-known civil rights activists, on national stages and in quiet shacks. The speeches carry novel insights into the ways in which individuals and communities utilized religious rhetoric to upset the racial status quo in divided America during the civil rights era. Houck and Dixon's work illustrates again how a movement so prominent in historical scholarship still has much to teach us.

Once an NYPD detective, Rusty was a rising rock star in the Organized Crimes Unit. Then, Mob members and corrupt cops lure Rusty to Grant's Tomb and shoot him in the head. The detective in Rusty dies. The meat puppet Rusty is all that remains, now a brain damaged, paranoid, criminal, psychopath terrorizing the streets of Newark, NJ. Years later, Alphonso "The Crepe hanger," one of the hit men who lured Rusty to Grant's Tomb, reveals the old China Doll case Rusty solved was an elaborate con, executed by the Mob in an international drug smuggling conspiracy. Soon the State will execute Steverino Downing, the man convicted, for a crime he didn't commit. And shooting Rusty was the Mob's way of clearing up loose ends. This news ignites something deep in Rusty's exploded brain. He must find a way to free Downing. His obsession leads him to the Freedom Science Foundation, a group run by the internationally renowned Dr. Sad Prevell and Peter, a former SAS South African commando. Both cut their teeth on such cases during African Apartheid. Rusty's quest will take him from New York to the shipyards of South Africa and Shanghai. Can Rusty nail the pieces of his shattered mind back together? Can he beat the Mafia, corrupt cops, a Chinese Triad and Somalia pirates in time to save Downing's life, and still somehow redeem his own?

This book is the fifth level in a series of Training Mission Group levels. No one in history has ever amassed such a comprehensive encyclopedia on this collective body of hand, stick, knife and gun CQC combatives, all a forged hybrid from military, police, martial arts and medical, historical and psychological disciplines. Every citizen, martial artist, soldier, guard and cop must study Hock's courses and own these books. They provide information and insight available no where else. With all his experience, research, his books, DVDs and extensive international seminar schedule, Hock has become an institution. This book contains vital tactics, drills, scenarios, strategies and psychology on: . The Level Five Unarmed Combatives Module . SDMS Stick Disarming and Retention . The Saber Grip Stabbing Module . Long Gun Disarming and Retention W. Hock Hochheim has instructed the U.S. Marines, Army, Navy, Air Force, allied troops, SWAT teams and police officers from over 280 police academies and agencies as well as thousands of citizens and martial artists around the world. He is a commendated Texas police and U.S. Army military vet with three decades of experience, a former private investigator and a graduate of many academies, street survival courses and combat schools. With Black Belts in Filipino, Japanese and Hawaiian systems, Hock was inducted into the prestigious Black Belt Magazine Hall of Fame. He was awarded the title of Guro in Manila, the Philippines in 1993. Author of the Knife Fighting Encyclopedia series, and this Training Mission Series Hock has produced more than 200 acclaimed training videos and DVDs. With all this education, research and experience, Hock founded his international martial Congress, and he is the architect of several modern, practical martial courses culminating in this CQC Group program.

Training Mission Four by W. Hock Hochheim contains Level Four training information in hand, stick, knife and gun close quarter combat. The book compliments the Training Mission Four DVD, or stands alone as a teaching aid in self-defense tactics and strategies. This book contains an unbelievable collection of practical, modern, strategies and tactics forged from police, military, security, martial arts and citizenry experience and research. Here you will find vital tactics, strategies drills, scenarios and psychology on topics like Unarmed Combatives Modules of The Hammer Fist, The Round Kick Strike and The Bent and Straight Arm Takedowns, The Pistol Disarm Module, The Knife Hacking Module and Spartan Combat Module, The Stick, Hardcore Block and Strike Drill Combat Module and much more. The material is presented in Hock's innovative, well organized, easy to understand and learn format. Whether you are a novice or already have significant self-defense, military experience, you'll learn new material and new applications from this book.

No one in history has ever amassed such a comprehensive encyclopedia on this collective body of hand, stick, knife and gun CQC combatives, all a forged hybrid from military, police, martial arts and medical, historical and psychological disciplines.

A small band of armed insurgents fell upon Quebec in the winter of 1775. They were sent north to liberate the Canadians, but they were abandoned in the snow, denied reinforcements, and driven up the river and out of Canada. The officers and men of the Separate Army formed their brotherhood in the anguish of their defeat, established their association following the joy of victory at Saratoga, and by doing so, launched a pervasive culture and unique lifestyle that flourished in their clubs and dominated the halls of power in the state and nation unto the second and third generation. This is a tale of the second generation, the generation that followed the American Revolution. They lived in a time of uncertainty and crisis; a time when men and women struggled against convention to find out if a nation derived from deceit, created by rebellion, and governed by greed could long survive. It's the story of a young man with a desire for success and talent for trouble who stumbles forth upon a quest for personal fame and glory in the years of political intrigue, war, and conspiracy that marked the beginning of the American Empire.

The Civil Rights Movement succeeded in large measure because of rhetorical appeals grounded in the Judeo-Christian religion. While movement leaders often used America's founding documents and ideals to depict Jim Crow's contradictory ways, the language and lessons of both the Old and New Testaments were often brought to bear on many civil rights events and issuesafrom local desegregation to national policy matters. This volume chronicles how national movement leaders and local activists moved a nation to live up to the biblical ideals it often professed but infrequently practiced.

Thousands of men and a few women moved into the far western lands at the edge of the Great Lakes in the early eighteenth century. This is a tale of the time: an era marked by political intrigue, commercial exploitation, emerging technology, flourishing eroticism, and pursuit of power. The French had been on the lakes for a hundred and fifty years and the Dutch aristocrats still controlled the political power of the state. But a new world order emerged on the shores of the lakes. Men enjoyed many options, but women's options were limited by the law and customs.

Some women, however, achieved their aspirations within the sporting clubs that appeared in the late 17th century and flourished before being banned in 1844. These were the men and women who created the commerce, built the cities, and fostered the lifestyle that became America.

The world has changed. Two hundred years ago most people lived in small rural communities. They walked or rode a horse when they traveled. Water wheels were their only source of power. Communication was restricted to the spoken and printed word.

But everything changed. The change started slowly in the forests of western New York. Visionaries used the technology of the 1800's to manufacture potash from ashes, used the technology of the 1820's to collect and market natural gas, and used the technology of the 1840's to make kerosene from petroleum. Advances in engineering made it possible to dig canals and build railroads to get these products to market. These canals and railroads accelerated the pace of change. Merchants then learned to protect their interests by influencing public policy and funding decisions being made in the state legislatures and in the United States Congress.

This resulting combination of technology, engineering, and public policy impacted the lives of those who lived in Chautauqua County many years ago, and it still impacts our lives today.

Historians have long agreed that women--black and white--were instrumental in shaping the civil rights movement. Until recently, though, such claims have not been supported by easily accessed texts of speeches and addresses. With this first-of-its-kind anthology, Davis W. Houck and David E. Dixon present thirty-nine full-text addresses by women who spoke out while the struggle was at its most intense.

Beginning with the Brown decision in 1954 and extending through the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the editors chronicle the unique and important rhetorical contributions made by such well-known activists as Ella Baker, Fannie Lou Hamer, Daisy Bates, Lillian Smith, Mamie Till-Mobley, Lorraine Hansberry, Dorothy Height, and Rosa Parks. They also include speeches from lesser-known but influential leaders such as Della Sullins, Marie Foster, Johnnie Carr, Jane Schutt, and Barbara Posey.

Nearly every speech was discovered in local, regional, or national archives, and many are published or transcribed from audiotape here for the first time. Houck and Dixon introduce each speaker and occasion with a headnote highlighting key biographical and background details. The editors also provide a general introduction that places these public addresses in context. "Women and the Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1965" gives voice to stalwarts whose passionate orations were vital to every phase of a movement that changed America.