William Blair's Virginia's Private War is a close study of the home front in the Confederacy and a significant contribution to our understanding of the Confederate defeat. Blair challenges and effectively overturns the dominant assumption that internal stresses and conflicts, particularly along lines of class and race, undermined the Confederacy. Rather, he shows that for most of the South the centripetal forces of Confederate nationalism and defence of home and hearth against an invading enemy were more powerful. Internal problems, including dissent, wracked the state of Virginia, yet these private wars actually helped prolong the conflict as they forced authorities to turn the war into more of a rich man's fight.

The global financial crisis highlighted the corrosive effects of unethical behaviour within the banking industry. This edited collection focuses on the role that ethics, as well as the law, can play to prevent such behaviour from reoccurring. It also examines the effectiveness of newly introduced regulations and supervisory actions in fostering ethical conduct with the aim of realigning the interests of financiers with those of society as a whole. Featuring contributions from authors in academia, central banks, and professional practice, this Research Handbook presents a comprehensive assessment of law, regulation and professional and market standards in the financial industry. The chapters discuss the philosophical foundations of ethics in financial law, the existence of a social licence to operate and how to nudge banks to be more inclusive. They also critically evaluate some of the key topics in the debate, including fiduciary duties and enforcement measures. The Research Handbook will be of great interest to academics, policy makers and practitioners in financial law and banking law, as well as legal ethics. Those working within the financial industry with an interest in corporate conduct and culture, will find the Handbook to be an invaluable source of information.

When English surgeon William Blair (1766-1822) embarked on his career, he became familiar with the devastation caused by smallpox in urban areas. The virus was lethal to more than a fifth of the people infected, and the rest were at risk of long-term complications. The first effective vaccine against the disease had been developed by Edward Jenner, who had been made aware that smallpox infection was uncommon among milkmaids who had been exposed to a milder form of pox contracted from cows. Although Jenner's vaccine was made available soon after its public announcement in 1798, the objections by various sceptics deterred many from embracing the procedure. In this 1806 pamphlet, Blair employs the format of a dialogue between an anxious parent and an ardent vaccination opponent to convince Londoners of the benefits offered by the new vaccine. His account is complemented by a report from the Royal Jennerian Society.

Providing a close study of the home front in the Confederacy, William Blair offers a significant contribution to our understanding of the Confederate defeat. He challenges the dominant assumption that internal stresses and conflicts, particularly in reference to class and race, undermined the Confederacy. Rather, he shows that for most of the South the centripetal forces of Confederate nationalism and defense of home and hearth against an invading enemy were far more powerful. Internal problems, including dissent, wracked the state of Virginia, yet these private wars actually helped prolong the conflict as they forced authorities to turn the war into more of a rich man's fight.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the global response to it has led to a major upheaval of the international banking sector. This book has an international reach and constitutes a blend between theory and international, EU, comparative and national law and practice, with the primary purpose to review the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the architecture and content of international monetary and banking law. Part I is focused on this aspect, considering the response of international financial fora and some major central banks all over the globe to the crisis. A secondary purpose is considered in Parts II and III, offering a thorough overview, analysis, and discussion of two main issues which currently are of a significant importance for, and have heavy impact on, the law governing monetary policy and relations, banking regulation and payment systems law: (i) digitalisation of money and finance and (ii) sustainable finance. Other selected legal aspects relating to central banking, as well as to banking regulation and supervision are finally discussed in Part IV, and in particular central banks' independence and accountability, unconventional monetary policies, comparative aspects of central banking and banking failures, legal aspects of monetary integration, and the legal nature of financial standards. The individual Chapters are written, exclusively, by members of the Committee on International Monetary Law of the International Law Association (MOCOMILA) and reflect the global composition of this Committee of leading experts in international monetary and banking law from international financial institutions, central banks, the academia, the judiciary, and legal practice.

"This excellent collection offers a host of new insights into the impact of the Civil War on civilian life. The essays on subjects ranging from race relations to family life, changes in the role of women, and the war in popular memory, make clear that some of the war's most profound consequences for American history took place away from the battlefield."--Eric Foner, DeWitt Clinton Professor of History, Columbia University

"[This is] an outstanding and very original collection of fifteen essays about the Civil War, including the latest and best scholarship on the North, South, and border states, soldiers and civilians, men and women. Readable and thought provoking, this is a book all students of the Civil War should have in their libraries."--Jean H. Baker, author of "The Stevensons of Illinois"

"Joan Cashin has assembled a stellar cast of historians to probe different aspects of civilian life during and after the Civil War. The happy result is a collection of essays that brims with innovative questions, new information, and fresh insights."--Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History, Langbourne M. Williams Professor of American History, University of Virginia

"This collection's great strength is that it addresses a subject that has been inexplicably understudied: the impact of war on civilians. The contributors are among the leading younger figures in the field, and the essays are grounded in extensive archival research. They show that the Civil War was just as disruptive on the homefront as it was on the battlefield. "--Steven Mintz, University of Houston

"The collection offers an excellent introduction to an enormously complex story, shedding light on how women andmen, black and white, North and South were shaped by--and helped shape--the great sectional bloodletting."--Gary W. Gallagher, John L. Nau III Professor of History, University of Virginia, author of "The Confederate War and Lee and His Army in Confederate History"

This thoroughly revised and updated new edition provides a practical guide for banks and their lawyers in respect of their regulatory responsibilities, their private law duties, their liabilities to third parties, and their obligations to assist persons seeking the recovery of assets (including regulatory bodies within and without the jurisdiction) as they relate to "tainted money". It also sets the law in its national and international policy context and pays particular attention to the international sources of the relevant law. It draws on the expertise of civil and criminal practitioners, public international lawyers, and overseas (in particular US) lawyers. The second edition addresses recent practice under the main international conventions, including the Sixth Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (October 2012) and the Fifth Session of the Conference of States Parties to the UN Convention against Corruption (November 2013). UN Security Council Resolutions, in particular resolution 1904 of 17 December 2009 which established the delisting ombudsperson (in response to criticism by national courts), have been considered. The book considers the work of international bodies such as the Financial Action Task Force and new primary legislation at domestic and European level, including the Fourth Money Laundering Directive. Additionally, decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Union and national courts are analysed and explained. It also provides a further assessment of the extent to which there has emerged an international law of tainted money to complement the emergence of an international financial system. In a concluding chapter, it gives an overview of the emerging response of courts and regulators (national, EU, and international) to the challenges presented by new technologies such as Bitcoin and other virtual currencies.