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For over 100 years, the evolution of modern survey
methodology--using the theory of representative sampling to make
inferences from a part of the population to the whole--has been
paralleled by a drive toward automation, harnessing technology and
computerization to make parts of the survey process easier, faster,
and better. The availability of portable computers in the late
1980s ushered in computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPl), in
which interviewers administer a survey instrument to respondents
using a computerized version of the questionnaire on a portable
laptop computer. Computer assisted interviewing (CAI) methods have
proven to be extremely useful and beneficial in survey
administration. However, the practical problems encountered in
documentation and testing CAI instruments suggest that this is an
opportune time to reexamine not only the process of developing CAI
instruments but also the future directions of survey automation
writ large.
The Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT) convened a workshop
on November 4-5, 1999, to identify new directions for health
statistics and the implications for health data of changes in the
health arena faced by DHHS; state and local health departments; the
consumers, developers, and providers of health care products and
services; and other health policy makers. Changes in our
understanding of health, in health care (managed care, Medicaid,
Medicare), in welfare reform, in federal-state relations, in the
availability of administrative data, in advanced genetic data, in
information technology, in confidentiality issues, and in data
integration are examples of recent developments that may play a
significant role for DHHS in making future policy decisions.
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Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault (Paperback)
National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on National Statistics, Panel on Measuring Rape and Sexual Assault in Bureau of Justice Statistics Household Surveys; Edited by Carol C. House, …
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R1,442
Discovery Miles 14 420
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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The Bureau of Justice Statistics' (BJS) National Crime
Victimization Survey (NCVS) measures the rates at which Americans
are victims of crimes, including rape and sexual assault, but there
is concern that rape and sexual assault are undercounted on this
survey. BJS asked the National Research Council to investigate this
issue and recommend best practices for measuring rape and sexual
assault on their household surveys. Estimating the Incidence of
Rape and Sexual Assault concludes that it is likely that the NCVS
is undercounting rape and sexual assault. The most accurate counts
of rape and sexual assault cannot be achieved without measuring
them separately from other victimizations, the report says. It
recommends that BJS develop a separate survey for measuring rape
and sexual assault. The new survey should more precisely define
ambiguous words such as "rape," give more privacy to respondents,
and take other steps that would improve the accuracy of responses.
Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault takes a fresh
look at the problem of measuring incidents of rape and sexual
assault from the criminal justice perspective. This report examines
issues such as the legal definitions in use by the states for these
crimes, best methods for representing the definitions in survey
instruments so that their meaning is clear to respondents, and best
methods for obtaining as complete reporting as possible of these
crimes in surveys, including methods whereby respondents may report
anonymously. Rape and sexual assault are among the most injurious
crimes a person can inflict on another. The effects are
devastating, extending beyond the initial victimization to
consequences such as unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted
infections, sleep and eating disorders, and other emotional and
physical problems. Understanding the frequency and context under
which rape and sexual assault are committed is vital in directing
resources for law enforcement and support for victims. These data
can influence public health and mental health policies and help
identify interventions that will reduce the risk of future attacks.
Sadly, accurate information about the extent of sexual assault and
rape is difficult to obtain because most of these crimes go
unreported to police. Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual
Assault focuses on methodology and vehicles used to measure rape
and sexual assaults, reviews potential sources of error within the
NCVS survey, and assesses the training and monitoring of
interviewers in an effort to improve reporting of these crimes.
Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Legal
Definitions and Context 3 Data from Law Enforcement Agencies 4
National Crime Victimization Survey 5 Selected Other Surveys on
Rape and Sexual Assault 6 Comparison of Rape and Sexual Assault
Across Data Sources 7 Potential Sources of Error in the NCVS:
Sampling, Frame, and Processing 8 Potential Sources of Error:
Nonresponse, Specification, and Measurement 9 Synopsis of Potential
Errors in the National Crime Victimization Survey 10 New Directions
for Measuring Rape and Sexual Assault References Appendix A: Need
for the Study Appendix B: Workshop and Public Meetings: Agendas and
Participants Appendix C: Links to Questionnaires of the National
Crime Victimization Survey Appendix D: Selected Surveys Measuring
Rape: An Overview Appendix E: Statistical Rationale Behind Some
Initial Findings on the Relative Statistical Plausibility of a
Multiple-Frame Approach to Estimating the Victimization Rate of
Rape and Sexual Assault Appendix F: Biographical Sketches of Panel
Members and Staff Committee on National Statistics
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Measuring Respirator Use in the Workplace (Paperback, New)
National Research Council, Committee on National Statistics, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, Division on Earth and Life Studies, …
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R801
Discovery Miles 8 010
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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Respirators are used in a variety of workplaces including emergency
response, mining operations, construction, manufacturing, and
hospitals. In 2001, National Institute of Occupational Safety and
Health (NIOSH) and Bureau of Labor Statistics commissioned a
nationwide survey of respirator use in the workplace, the results
of which were published in the 2003 report Respirator Usage in
Private Sector Firms. The purpose of the survey was to evaluate
respirator use and practices, including training practices and the
value of respirator manufacturer's instruction, in order to help
guide NIOSH respirator certification and research. This National
Research Council (NRC) report evaluates the survey in terms of
several measures such as the adequacy and appropriateness of the
survey instrument, the survey methodology, data analysis, and the
conclusions drawn from the data. The NRC report finds that the
survey was an important first step in collecting respiratory
protection data from a probability sample but that several
improvements could be made in survey design and analysis. Based on
the review of the survey, the NRC report concludes that data on
respirator use would be best provided by employers and employees in
the context of the work setting. Table of Contents Front Matter
Summary 1 A Significant Undertaking 2 A Program in Transformation 3
The Survey of Respirator Use and Practices: A Learning Experience 4
Lessons Learned 5 Planning for the Future Appendix A Statement of
Task Appendix B Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and
Staff Appendix C Meeting Agenda Appendix D Acronyms and
Abbreviations Appendix E Interagency Agreement between CDC/NIOSH
and BLS
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