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Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault (Paperback)
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Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault (Paperback)
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The Bureau of Justice Statistics' (BJS) National Crime
Victimization Survey (NCVS) measures the rates at which Americans
are victims of crimes, including rape and sexual assault, but there
is concern that rape and sexual assault are undercounted on this
survey. BJS asked the National Research Council to investigate this
issue and recommend best practices for measuring rape and sexual
assault on their household surveys. Estimating the Incidence of
Rape and Sexual Assault concludes that it is likely that the NCVS
is undercounting rape and sexual assault. The most accurate counts
of rape and sexual assault cannot be achieved without measuring
them separately from other victimizations, the report says. It
recommends that BJS develop a separate survey for measuring rape
and sexual assault. The new survey should more precisely define
ambiguous words such as "rape," give more privacy to respondents,
and take other steps that would improve the accuracy of responses.
Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault takes a fresh
look at the problem of measuring incidents of rape and sexual
assault from the criminal justice perspective. This report examines
issues such as the legal definitions in use by the states for these
crimes, best methods for representing the definitions in survey
instruments so that their meaning is clear to respondents, and best
methods for obtaining as complete reporting as possible of these
crimes in surveys, including methods whereby respondents may report
anonymously. Rape and sexual assault are among the most injurious
crimes a person can inflict on another. The effects are
devastating, extending beyond the initial victimization to
consequences such as unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted
infections, sleep and eating disorders, and other emotional and
physical problems. Understanding the frequency and context under
which rape and sexual assault are committed is vital in directing
resources for law enforcement and support for victims. These data
can influence public health and mental health policies and help
identify interventions that will reduce the risk of future attacks.
Sadly, accurate information about the extent of sexual assault and
rape is difficult to obtain because most of these crimes go
unreported to police. Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual
Assault focuses on methodology and vehicles used to measure rape
and sexual assaults, reviews potential sources of error within the
NCVS survey, and assesses the training and monitoring of
interviewers in an effort to improve reporting of these crimes.
Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Legal
Definitions and Context 3 Data from Law Enforcement Agencies 4
National Crime Victimization Survey 5 Selected Other Surveys on
Rape and Sexual Assault 6 Comparison of Rape and Sexual Assault
Across Data Sources 7 Potential Sources of Error in the NCVS:
Sampling, Frame, and Processing 8 Potential Sources of Error:
Nonresponse, Specification, and Measurement 9 Synopsis of Potential
Errors in the National Crime Victimization Survey 10 New Directions
for Measuring Rape and Sexual Assault References Appendix A: Need
for the Study Appendix B: Workshop and Public Meetings: Agendas and
Participants Appendix C: Links to Questionnaires of the National
Crime Victimization Survey Appendix D: Selected Surveys Measuring
Rape: An Overview Appendix E: Statistical Rationale Behind Some
Initial Findings on the Relative Statistical Plausibility of a
Multiple-Frame Approach to Estimating the Victimization Rate of
Rape and Sexual Assault Appendix F: Biographical Sketches of Panel
Members and Staff Committee on National Statistics
General
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