This volume details up-to-date information and attempts to take the reader into the exciting realm of TGF- from the basic principles to the practical applications. Chapters provide basic introduction of TGF- signaling from the cell surface to the nucleus, methods and techniques for the investigation of TGF- signaling mechanism including receptors, Smads, intracellular kinases, microRNA, epigenetic regulation, post-translational regulations, non-Smad pathway; the physiological implications including those in cell cycle arrest, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, endothelial cells, adipogenesis, Th differentiation, stem cell, bone remodeling, ovary, zebrofish development, and frog animal capping; and the methodologies including metastasis imaging, 3D morphogenesis, membrane receptor quantification, conditional knockout, bone remodeling, kinase and phosphatase assays, BiFC interaction assays, and genome-wide siRNA screen. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, TGF-Beta Signaling: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.

Information Architecture is about organizing and simplifying information, designing and integrating information spaces/systems, and creating ways for people to find and interact with information content. Its goal is to help people understand and manage information and make the right decisions accordingly. This updated and revised edition of the book looks at integrated information spaces in the web context and beyond, with a focus on putting theories and principles into practice. In the ever-changing social, organizational, and technological contexts, information architects not only design individual information spaces (e.g., websites, software applications, and mobile devices), but also tackle strategic aggregation and integration of multiple information spaces across websites, channels, modalities, and platforms. Not only do they create predetermined navigation pathways, but they also provide tools and rules for people to organize information on their own and get connected with others. Information architects work with multi-disciplinary teams to determine the user experience strategy based on user needs and business goals, and make sure the strategy gets carried out by following the user-centered design (UCD) process via close collaboration with others. Drawing on the authors' extensive experience as HCI researchers, User Experience Design practitioners, and Information Architecture instructors, this book provides a balanced view of the IA discipline by applying theories, design principles, and guidelines to IA and UX practices. It also covers advanced topics such as iterative design, UX decision support, and global and mobile IA considerations. Major revisions include moving away from a web-centric view toward multi-channel, multi-device experiences. Concepts such as responsive design, emerging design principles, and user-centered methods such as Agile, Lean UX, and Design Thinking are discussed and related to IA processes and practices.

Historically, the theory of stability is based on linear differential systems, which are simple and important systems in ordinary differential equations. The research on differential equations and on the theory of stability will, to a certain extent, be influenced by the research on linear differential systems. For differential linear equation systems, there are still many historical open questions attracting mathematicians. This book deals with the theory of linear differential systems developed around the notion of exponential dichotomies. The authors advance the theory of stability through their research in this field.

Several new important results on linear differential systems are presented. They concern exponential dichotomy and the structure of the sets of hyperbolic points. The book has five chapters: Chapter 1 introduces some necessary classical results on the linear differential systems, and the following chapters discuss exponential dichotomy, spectra of almost periodic linear systems, the Floquet theory for quasi periodic linear systems and the structure of sets of hyperbolic points. This book is a very useful reference in the area of the stability theory of ordinary differential equations and the theory of dynamic systems.