Continuous improvements in technological applications have allowed more opportunities to develop systems with user-focused designs. This not only leads to higher success in day-to-day usage, but it increases the overall probability of technology adoption. Design Solutions for User-Centric Information Systems provides a comprehensive examination of the latest strategies and methods for creating technological systems with end users as the focal point of the design process. Highlighting innovative practices and applications across a variety of areas, such as cloud-based computing services, e-government adoption, and logistics evaluation, this book is an ideal reference source for computer engineers, practitioners, project managers, graduate students, and researchers interested in the enhancement of user-centric information system development.

This book provides a research-based analysis of public sector reforms in Pakistan. It offers a broad overview of reforms at different levels of government - including federal, provincial and local - and examines decentralization and devolution reforms in various policy sectors. It also reflects on market-oriented reforms and the steps taken to involve the private sector to build a better-governed public sector, and explores new trends in the public sector in the areas of digitalisation and disaster management. Bringing together young researchers, academics, and practitioners, the book sets a new milestone in the movement towards context-specific reform studies in both academia and the professional practice of public administration, particularly in South Asia.

This book is designed to integrate the basic concepts of food safety with current developments and challenges in food safety and authentication. The first part describes basics of food safety, classification of food toxins, regulation and risk assessment. The second part focuses on particular toxins like mycotoxins, aromatic amines, heavy metals, pesticides, and polycyclic hydrocarbons. Recent developments and improvements in the detection of these contaminants are described. The third part deals with the authenticity and adulteration of food and food products, a topic which affects food trade on a national and international level.

This book is a comprehensive analysis of the Taliban, and how it has affected post-9/11 U.S.-Pakistan relations. It analyzes the genesis of the Taliban, the rationale behind their emergence and how they consolidated their rule in Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. It examines the U.S. policies towards the Taliban in the post 9/11 era and Pakistan’s role as an ally in their efforts towards dismantling Taliban rule in Afghanistan—from Obama’s ‘fight and talk’ policy to the Doha peace agreement in 2020. It also discusses the outcomes of the Global War on Terror (GWoT), as well as the Taliban’s response to the U.S.-led ISAF and NATO forces in Afghanistan. The volume brings into focus Pakistan’s policies vis-à-vis the Taliban following the start of GWoT and how it pushed the U.S.-Pakistan relations to its lowest ebb; and then its role in bringing the Taliban to the negotiating table which resulted in the U.S.-Taliban deal in Doha in February 2020. The author introduces a ‘new balance of threat’ theory and expands on its applicability through the Taliban case study. The book will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of U.S. foreign policy, international relations, peace and conflict studies, strategic studies, history, diplomatic studies and South Asian politics.

This book is a comprehensive analysis of the Taliban, and how it has affected post-9/11 U.S.-Pakistan relations. It analyzes the genesis of the Taliban, the rationale behind their emergence and how they consolidated their rule in Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. It examines the U.S. policies towards the Taliban in the post 9/11 era and Pakistan's role as an ally in their efforts towards dismantling Taliban rule in Afghanistan-from Obama's 'fight and talk' policy to the Doha peace agreement in 2020. It also discusses the outcomes of the Global War on Terror (GWoT), as well as the Taliban's response to the U.S.-led ISAF and NATO forces in Afghanistan. The volume brings into focus Pakistan's policies vis-a-vis the Taliban following the start of GWoT and how it pushed the U.S.-Pakistan relations to its lowest ebb; and then its role in bringing the Taliban to the negotiating table which resulted in the U.S.-Taliban deal in Doha in February 2020. The author introduces a 'new balance of threat' theory and expands on its applicability through the Taliban case study. The book will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of U.S. foreign policy, international relations, peace and conflict studies, strategic studies, history, diplomatic studies and South Asian politics.

Axoplasmic transport is the intracellular movement of cellular components required for the maintenance and normal physiological functioning of neuronal cells. This book provides an up to date reference for both established investigators as well as for those entering in the field.This volume describes the history and methods of the study of transport and the involvement of energy, ions, calmodulin, microtubules and other cellular components in transport. It also discusses the transport of polypeptides, lipids, nucleic acids, neutrotransmitter containing components and various other particles in nerve fibres. A significant portion of this book is devoted to axoplasmic transport, regeneration and the relevance of transport in neurotropic functions are described in the alst four chapters, followed by a discussion on the mechanism of axoplasmic transport.

This book is designed to integrate the basic concepts of food safety with current developments and challenges in food safety and authentication. The first part describes basics of food safety, classification of food toxins, regulation and risk assessment. The second part focuses on particular toxins like mycotoxins, aromatic amines, heavy metals, pesticides, and polycyclic hydrocarbons. Recent developments and improvements in the detection of these contaminants are described. The third part deals with the authenticity and adulteration of food and food products, a topic which affects food trade on a national and international level.

Zafar Iqbal and Mervyn K. Lewis examine, from an Islamic perspective, some central issues in public, economic and corporate governance. Amongst topics analysed are theories of justice, taxation, budget deficits, Islamic financing modes, public and private accountability, and corruption. The authors' starting point is that the Islamic perspective on governance and its differences from Western approaches requires an understanding of the basic tenets, philosophy and legal traditions of Islam. They develop the Islamic position on matters widely acknowledged as being under-researched in Islamic social enquiry, bringing a fresh and contemporary slant to governance issues by drawing insights from modern theory and practice, and combining them with classical and modern Muslim interpretations. Their analysis explicitly acknowledges self-interested behaviour, adding a public choice dimension to the limitations and workability of any governance arrangements. This unique and highly innovative book will have strong appeal for those with an interest in Islamic economics, public policy, banking, and Asian and Middle Eastern studies.

This book provides a research-based analysis of public sector reforms in Pakistan. It offers a broad overview of reforms at different levels of government – including federal, provincial and local – and examines decentralization and devolution reforms in various policy sectors. It also reflects on market-oriented reforms and the steps taken to involve the private sector to build a better-governed public sector, and explores new trends in the public sector in the areas of digitalisation and disaster management. Bringing together young researchers, academics, and practitioners, the book sets a new milestone in the movement towards context-specific reform studies in both academia and the professional practice of public administration, particularly in South Asia.

Bangldesh has numerous rivers which are carried out over it. Among these rivers, only three rivers are dominated all over the country which are comes from Himalaya. Due to the denudation process, about 2 billion tones of sediments are carried per year, and about 40% of them are deposited in fluvial system and forming numerous bar. The most of the bar deposits along the three major rivers (The Padma, The Brahmaputra-Jamuna and The Meghna) are comprises heavy and light minerals. The heavy minerals are consist of non-opaque (zircon, tourmaline, rutile, epidote, staurolite, garnet, chlorite, monazite, biotite, hornblende, kyanite and leucoxene) and opaque (ilmenite, magnetite, hematite, and limonite). But this report is mainly emphasis on five economic minerals concentration, variation and their reserve. A total of 4,54,253 tons of crude sands containing 1,58,988 tons of heavy minerals are available in the Alatuli char deposits of the Padma River. In the Mahongonj char, total of 6,11,632 tons crude sand containing 1,10,093 tons of heavy minerals. And in the Srinagar char of the Meghna River, the total of 2,97,768 tons crude sand containing 41,687 ton of heavy minerals.

The present research was conducted to investigate the impacts of oxytocin injection on lactating buffaloes. One group of buffaloes was injected with 30 IU of oxytocin at each milking, while second group was kept as control without any treatment. A significant higher level (P 0.01) of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, total proteins and CRP was found in oxytocin injected lactating buffaloes. The serum total oxidant status and total antioxidant status were found to be significantly higher and lower respectively in the oxytocin injected lactating buffaloes. The overall mean serum PON1 and arylesterase concentration was significantly lower while malondialdehyde, total homocysteine and ceruloplasmin was increased significantly in the oxytocin injected lactating buffaloes. The liver enzymes like serum AST and ALT concentration did increase significantly in the oxytocin treated group. Serum T3, estradiol and progesterone was significantly (P 0.05) high in the oxytocin injected lactating buffaloes. Long use of oxytocin did effect the serum composition and animal health.

Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) is a fast growing area of personal development. In NLP, there are many strategies which can help in enhancing language learning skills. Though the subject is new and has not yet been explored by many, some NLP principles and techniques are being used effectively in teaching English as a foreign language. Anchoring, modeling, reframing, meta-modeling, calibrating, eye accessing cues and metaphors are some of the very effective NLP areas that can be useful tremendously for English language teachers in their various classroom situations. This book has two main parts: while the first one explains various facets and areas of NLP in a general sense, the second one tries to elaborate the practical application of NLP in ELT. The book contains numerous practical exercises which language learners can use on their own as well as EFL/ESL teachers may employ them in their different classroom situations.

Learning is most powerful when it is both hard work and fun. This usually means that it is interactive and based on experience, challenging but at the same time possible. This book presents a wide variety of games, activities and techniques that any teacher, tutor or team leader can use to help others learn. Each of the chapters has a short introduction followed by several exercises that are interactive, fun and will reinforce learning in knowledge, skills and attitudes. The tools provided describe not only how to do an exercise, but also when, with whom, what will make it work well, what can go wrong and give insights into the impact it might make. The authors are experienced in leading teams, planning and providing education, and the tools are tried and tested in real teaching and learning situations. The ideas can be used in and across all disciplines and settings.