This book investigates the policies of the Thatcher, Major and Blair governments and their approaches towards concentration of economic and political power. The 1979-2007 British governments have variously been described as liberal or, to use a political insult and a favourite academic label, neoliberal. One of the stated objectives of the Thatcher, Major and Blair governments-albeit with differing focal points-was to disperse power and to empower the individual. This was also a consistent theme of the first generation of neoliberals, who saw monopolies, vested interests and concentration more generally as the 'great enemy of democracy'. Under Thatcher and Major, Conservatives sought to liberalize the economy and spread ownership through policies like Right to Buy and privatisation. New Labour dispersed political power with its devolution agenda, granted operational independence to the Bank of England and put in place a seemingly robust antitrust framework. All governments during the 1979-2007 period pursued choice in public services. Yet our modern discourse characterises Britain as beset by endemic power concentration, in markets and politics. What went wrong? How did so-called neoliberal governments, which invoked liberty and empowerment, fail to disperse power and allow concentration to continue, recur or arise? The book will be of interest to students and scholars of contemporary British history, political economy and politics, as well as specific areas of study such as Thatcherism and New Labour.

Using a philosophical and interdisciplinary approach, this book looks at how accountability can provide solutions to our current environmental and global political problems. When a social system has external elements imposed upon it, or presented to it, political problems are likely to emerge. This book demonstrates that what is needed are connecting social elements with a natural affinity to bring people together despite their differences. This book is different from others in the field. It provides new insights by critiquing the extant understandings of accountability and expands the possibilities by building on Charles Taylor's philosophies. Central to the argument of the book are perspectives on authenticity and expressivism which are found to provide a radical reworking of our understanding of being in the world, and a starting point for rethinking the way individuals and communities ought to be dealing politically with accountability and ecological crises. The argument builds to an accountability perspective that utilises work from interpretivism, liberalism, and postmodern theory. The book will be of interest to researchers in environmental philosophy, critical perspectives on accounting, corporate governance, corporate social reporting, and environmental accounting.

Valuation: Theories and Concepts provides an understanding on how to value companies that employ non-standard accounting procedures, particularly companies in emerging markets and those that require a wider variety of options than standard texts provide. The book offers a broader, more holistic perspective that is perfectly suited to companies and worldwide markets. By emphasizing cases on valuation, including mergers and acquisition valuation, it responds to the growing expectation that students and professionals must generate comprehensive perspectives based on thorough investigations and a library of valuation theories. Readers will gain a better understanding of the development of complete analyses, including trend analysis of financial parameters, ratio analysis, and differing perspectives on valuation and strategic initiatives. Case studies include stock market performance and synergies and the intrinsic value of the firm are compared with offer price. In addition, full data sets for each chapter are available online.

Firm valuation is currently a very exciting topic. It is interesting for those economists engaged in either practice or theory, particularly for those in finance. The literature on firm valuation recommends logical, quantitative methods, which deal with establishing today's value of future free cash flows. In this respect firm valuation is identical with the calculation of the discounted cash flow, DCF. There are, however, different coexistent versions, which seem to compete against each other. Entity approach and equity approach are thus differentiated. Acronyms are often used, such as APV (adjusted present value) or WACC (weighted average cost of capital), whereby these two concepts are classified under entity approach.

Why are there several procedures and not just one? Do they all lead to the same result? If not, where do the economic differences lie? If so, for what purpose are different methods needed? And further: do the known procedures suffice? Or are there situations where none of the concepts developed up to now delivers the correct value of the firm? If so, how is the appropriate valuation formula to be found? These questions are not just interesting for theoreticians; even the practitioner who is confronted with the task of marketing his or her results has to deal with it. The authors systematically clarify the way in which these different variations of the DCF concept are related throughout the book

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""Compared with the huge number of books on pragmatic approaches to discounted cash flow valuation, there are remarkably few that lay out the theoretical underpinnings of this technique. Kruschwitz and Loffler bringtogether the theory in this area in a consistent and rigorous way that should be useful for all serious students of the topic,""

--Ian Cooper, London Business School

""This treatise on the market valuation of corporate cash flows offers the first reconciliation of conventional cost-of-capital valuation models from the corporate finance literature with state-pricing (or 'risk-neutral' pricing) models subsequently developed on the basis of multi-period no-arbitrage theories. Using an entertaining style, Kruschwitz and Loffler develop a precise and theoretically consistent definition of 'cost of capital', and provoke readers to drop vague or contradictory alternatives,""

--Darrell Duffie, Stanford University

""Handling firm and personal income taxes properly in valuation involves complex considerations. This book offers a new, precise, clear and concise theoretical path that is pleasant to read. Now it is the practitioners task to translate this approach into real-world applications"!"

--Wolfgang Wagner, PricewaterhouseCoopers

""It is an interesting book, which has some new results and it fills a gap in the literature between the usual undergraduate material and the very abstract PhD material in such books as that of Duffie (Dynamic Asset Pricing Theory). The style is very engaging, which is rare in books pitched at this level,""

--Martin Lally, University of Wellington

* The only book that offers a new, easily understandable conceptual framework with which to identify, assess, and help remedy inequities in public funding. * Addresses both the inequities in public school funding and the wider societal and cultural issues that make it "normal" to underfund high-poverty schools and to expect low-income children and children of color to perform poorly in school. * Introduces a new theory with practical application and is grounded in contemporary research. * Explores how school district leaders, building principals, and policy makers can conduct meaningful "equity audits" in their schools and districts to determine equitable resource allocations.

Discover everything you need to know to take control of your accounts and manage the success of your business or personal finances. Brilliant Accounting is the practical, step-by-step guide that will help you get to grips with accounting basics. Written by an accounting expert with years of experience, Brilliant Accounting is free from technical jargon and theory and is packed with practical examples and expert tips and tricks. This book covers everything you need to know, from understanding reports to using accounting information to manage and develop your business.

This book analyses the methods used to assess financial sustainability as defined by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). Recently, there have been calls to consider sustainability as a fundamental guiding principle in public management. The financial and economic crisis has spurred a demand for greater financial sustainability in public administrations. Although the concept of sustainability has been traditionally associated with three dimensions (environmental, social and economic), this book is focuses on the metrics used to evaluate financial sustainability and explores the concept of financial health. It will be of interest to researchers and academics in the field of financial sustainability.

This volume, More Accounting Changes, is a revised and updated edition of Herz's earlier work, reflecting: developments in financial reporting (including those relating to international convergence of accounting standards); global developments regarding the use of International Financial Reporting Standards; current efforts at disclosure modernization and simplification by the SEC and FASB; a discussion of whether the U.S. is falling behind in corporate reporting ; the rise of 'Integrated Reporting'; the work of the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (chaired by Michael Bloomberg); and recent regulatory developments emanating from the financial crisis and their interrelationship with financial reporting.

Practical Financial Modelling, 3e is a book on model development and model assurance. It enhances the modelling process by emphasizing controls and checks for accuracy and reliability. New content on validation and verification, model use and sensitivity analysis is presented alongside a modelling methodology that underpins the various proprietary standards used in financial modelling today. It provides more details than other books and yet is general enough for applying its methodology to many applications. This book isn't just about the details of building cash flow models, it's about building better cash flow models.

Corporate governance and corporate reporting are closely linked to each other, and their respective evolutionary patterns are mutually influencing. Along with the recent expansion of company disclosure, a growing attention is being paid to corporate governance determinants and mechanisms underpinning the decision to voluntarily adopt non-financial disclosure formats, such as integrated reporting. At institutional level, several national corporate governance codes have been changed towards the recognition and inclusion of this innovative, non-financial language. In academic research, the influence of corporate governance variables vis-a-vis the choice to embrace such reporting practices has been subject to a long scrutiny. However, only a little inquiry has so far analysed the influence of corporate governance factors on integrated reporting adoption, quality, and credibility. Accordingly, the aim of the book is to investigate if, and to what extent, corporate board composition and characteristics can affect, at the same time, the decision to voluntarily adopt integrated reporting by companies as well as their financial performance. The study carries out an empirical analysis of the professional features of board members at the time of their decision to implement integrated reporting as a new form of company accountability. The work provides innovative insights into the articulated relationships between the quantitative and qualitative composition of corporate boards and the latter's choice to uptake this advanced form of reporting to represent the wider value creation processes of their organisations.

For Management Accounting modules on undergraduate and MBA courses. Understand management accounting principles and techniques, and develop skills to make informed business decisions Management Accounting for Decision Makers 10th Edition by Peter Atrill and Eddie McLaney teaches you how to make the best choices in business and management roles, and introduces you to essential management accounting concepts and methods with a focus on their significance to real-life decision making. It has never been more important for businesses to operate within a framework of strategic planning and decision making. This popular text makes management accounting relevant and practical through its use of real numerical accounting techniques, an increased number of exercises that encourage you to learn in an active way, and through a range of relevant, real-world examples, many of which are new to this edition. Reach every student by pairing this text with MyLab Accounting MyLab (TM) is the teaching and learning platform that empowers you to reach every student. By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, MyLab personalizes the learning experience and improves results for each student. MyLab Accounting for this textbook includes 945 questions to assign to your students, now including a larger number of algorithmic questions (more than 350) that require different numerical responses from different individuals. This package is 1292349530 / 9781292349534 Management Accounting for Decision Makers 10th Edition with MyLab Accounting Package consists of: 1292204575 / 9781292349459 Management Accounting for Decision Makers 10th Edition 1292349476 / 9781292349473 Management Accounting for Decision Makers 10th Edition MyLab Accounting 1292349484 / 9781292349480 Management Accounting for Decision Makers 10th Edition Pearson eText NOTE: Before purchasing, check with your instructor to confirm the correct ISBN. Several versions of the MyLab (TM) platform exist for each title, and registrations are not transferable. To register for and use MyLab Accounting, you may also need a Course ID, which your instructor will provide. Used books, rentals, and purchases made outside of Pearson: If purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson, the access codes for the MyLab platform may not be included, may be incorrect, or may be previously redeemed. Check with the seller before completing your purchase. Pearson, the world's learning company.

Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research promotes research across all areas of accounting, incorporating theory from, and contributing knowledge to, the fields of applied psychology, sociology, management science, ethics and economics. Focusing on research that examines both individual and organizational behavior relative to accounting, the series provides a unique opportunity for the exchange of peer reviewed knowledge across all areas of accounting behavioral research and the development, discussion and expansion of theories from psychology, sociology and related disciplines. Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research encourages research that tests theory, explains theory, and develops theory that can be applied to better understand accounting domains. Accordingly, reviews of established theory and how that theory has and could be used in accounting are also strongly encouraged.

Applied Financial Accounting: Implications for Analysts presents an analytical explanation as well as practical examples of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), written in a clear, lucid style for readers of all levels. Comprehensive coverage is provided for all accounting and reporting issues that are critical to the financial and credit analyst, with the exposition of GAAP made without the use of mechanical bookkeeping procedures. This is accomplished through an analysis of the financial accounting issue; the effects of GAAP on the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows; numerical illustrations; alternative treatments; and the impact of GAAP on financial ratios and analytical statistics. The book offers a survey of basic financial statements, related footnote disclosures, and the general concepts underlying financial statements, as well as analyzes of specific statement items. The first three chapters discuss the conceptual foundation of the three basic financial statements, current assets, and noncurrent assets, and provide an analysis of liabilities and stockholders' equity. The study then turns to more complex accounting and reporting problems, including accounting for income taxes, computing earnings per share, and accounting for intercorporate investments, business combinations, pensions, employee options and leases. Professionals in the banking, investment, and accounting fields will find this work to be an effective resource, as will professors and students in business, accounting, and finance courses.

This book describes the functions frequently used in deep neural networks. For this purpose, 37 activation functions are explained both mathematically and visually, and given with their LaTeX implementations due to their common use in scientific articles.

Essential guidance on the new fair value rules for accounting managers, auditors, and fraud investigators

Fair Value accounting is emerging as the next prime opportunity for financial statement fraud. Explaining the many complex applications of fair value accounting in the preparation of financial statements, "Fair Value Accounting Fraud" offers timely guidance on an up-and-coming issue as U.S. and international accounting rules pertaining to the use of fair value accounting continue to change.

You'll find discussion of
U.S. GAAP and IFRS rules on fair value accounting issues, highlighting the areas most vulnerable to fraudExplanations of 75 categories of fair value accounting fraud schemesFraud risk checklist that you can put to immediate usePractical detection techniques useful for auditors, investigators and others who rely on financial statementsExpert advice from Gerard Zack, CFE, CPA, author of "Fraud and Abuse in Nonprofit Organizations: A Guide to Prevention and Detection"

Comparing US accounting standards to International Financial Reporting Standards-thereby making this book useful worldwide- "Fair Value Accounting Fraud" helps you understand the new rules and develop new auditing and investigative techniques to enable you to detect potential fraud.

Sustainability Accounting, Management Control and Reporting: A European Perspective traces a picture of innovative performance measurement tools and approaches to drive organizations to implement their shared value and sustainability strategy, considering different perspectives around accounting, managerial control and reporting. In recent years, organizations managing their responsible approach with relevance and pressure from stakeholders and regulations has proven to be a major challenge. During the first two decades of the 21st century, many companies have reached a real maturity in this area and have deployed coherent responsible approaches that are integrated into their overall strategy. It is now a matter of steering these responsible approaches from an accounting and managerial standpoint, but also of reporting on them. It requires the simultaneous use of comprehensive accounting, controlling and reporting tools. This book provides an innovative perspective on sustainable management control, comprehensive accounting and integrated reporting, presenting the most recent proposals and the main critical issues. Aimed at researchers, academics, managers, business leaders and advanced students, the book will be especially valuable to those in the fields of corporate social responsibility, strategic management, and accounting.

* Universally regarded as the most readable and student friendly school finance book on the market. * Includes strong explanations of budgets and budgetary processes. * More manageable and accessible than other texts, while maintaining comprehensive coverage * Authored by three of the nation's top school finance scholars with elite credentials and widespread name recognition. * Rich cases and point-counterpoint feature

This series arose out of the belief that the international accounting literature should devote more attention to the study of the accounting problems and issues of emerging economies (developing and newly industrialized countries).
Through an increasing awareness of the real issues and the accounting practices advocated in it, these works have become relevant to the actual needs of its readers, and is making real contributions to the accounting development process of emerging economies.
The volumes presented aim to:
*Raise the level of interest in the specific problems of accounting in emerging economies
*Increase awareness of real issues, so that accounting in these countries will not just be seen as a matter of copying what is done in the industrialized countries
*Provides an authoritative overview of the research and progress in this field

This book reveals the surprising role that credit, money created ex nihilo by financiers, played in raising the British government's war loans between 1793 and 1815. Using often overlooked contemporary objections to the National Debt a startling paradox is revealed as it is shown how the government's ostensible creditors had, in fact, very little "real" money to lend and were instead often reliant for their own solvency upon the very government they were lending to. By following the careers of unsuccessful loan-contractors, who went bankrupt lending to the government, to the triumphant career of the House of Rothschild; who successfully "exported" the British system of war-financing abroad with the coming of peace, the symbiotic relationship that existed between the British government and their ostensible creditors is revealed. Also highlighted is the power granted to the (technically bankrupt) Bank of England over credit and the money supply, an unprecedented and highly influential development that filled many contemporaries with horror. This is a tale of bankruptcy, stock market manipulation, bribery and institutional corruption that continues to exert its influence today and will be of interest to anyone interested in government financing, debt and the origins of modern finance.

The perspective of this book is to present "ethics" as a conversation about how we decide what is good or bad, right or wrong. It is a collection of conversations employed by educators to assist accounting students in developing their understanding of accounting's ethical aspects and to help them develop into critical thinkers who consider the ethical complexities of the function of accounting in human society. Because we are social beings, ethics is a central human concern, since it involves determining the ethicality of human actions and their effect on other individuals, as well as determining the collective societal acceptance or rejection of an action. Thus, the book's primary goal is to call attention to the intersectionality of accounting and ethics and to encourage students and researchers to consider the ethical implications of accounting decisions. The book contains a diversity of perspectives within which discussions of accountants' and accounting's ethical responsibilities may occur. The contributing authors were deliberately chosen for their diverse perspectives on whence moral guidance for accounting may come. Each chapter stands on its own and represents the thinking of its authors. The book is not a primer on correct behavior for accountants but a place where educators may spur the conversation along.

This volume describes the development of accounting thought during the twentieth century by focusing on a relatively narrow and long-lived issue, income smoothing.
The task begins with the creation and description of three taxonomies of income smoothing literature in order to identify the context and bounds of the preferences and behavior that are to be the subject of the study. Then a chronological review of English-language literature referring to income smoothing behavior is conducted that covers the period, 1893 through 1998. The review starts with literature discussing secret reserves created so that fat years could pay for lean years and moves to income smoothing as a criterion for accounting choice.
This literature on the smoothing criterion provided motivation for some of the earliest modern empirical studies in accounting. Empirical studies of smoothing have continued at a fairly constant rate since 1966 and make up a substantial portion of the literature review. A modification of the conventional smoothing hypothesis is proposed at the conclusion of the narrative that takes into account some relevant variables that tend to be overlooked because of the fragmentation of the literature. An extensive annotated bibliography and other appendices provide important supplements to the narrative.

This book addresses the growing interest among policymakers, practitioners and academics in the evolution and the future implications of social, environmental and sustainability accounting. To do so, it examines the conceptual and practical application of accountability at multiple levels and contexts, and presents a range of case studies focusing on salient issues, perspectives and the potential of multidimensional accounting and reporting regimes. Intended for a diverse audience, the book allows readers to gain a better understanding of the topics, encourages dialogue and debate, and stimulates innovation in scholarship, policy and practice.

An Economic Philosophy of Production, Work and Consumption presents a new transhistorical framework of defining production, work and consumption. It shows that they all share the common feature of intentional physical transformation of something external to the agent, at some point in time. The book opens with a discussion of various theoretical traditions within economics, spanning mainstream and heterodox perspectives, and problems with production definitions in use today. Next, the author outlines various definitions in a more formal manner and provides a discussion on measurement and the production boundary. Unproductive work is redefined as socially reproductive, i.e. such that would not be performed on a Robinson Crusoe Island. Finally, the volume applies the new conceptual framework to various historical cases and discusses the future of production, work and consumption. This essential volume will be of interest to scholars of economic philosophy and methodology, the history of economic thought, economic history and national accounting. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This textbook takes on a systematic approach to elaborating on the different subjects within corporate finance. The chapters bring together existing concepts with examples and stories that allow students to easily understand and apply financial tools. In doing so, the book strives to clarify misconceptions in the literature on topics related to firm’s ownership and control, problems of the Modigliani-Miller first and second propositions, relationship between options and corporate finance, behavioral finance versus corporate finance, etc.   The book takes into consideration the growing importance of the Asian economy and financial markets in recent years, and constructs the P-index to measure and compare the risk structures of US and China’s stocks and stock indexes.   This book is a primary text written for the introductory courses in corporate finance at the M.B.A. level and for the intermediate courses in undergraduate programs, but can also be of great use to Ph.D. students as well as professionals.