In 2020, the G20 proposed a solution for the debt-related issues affecting the world's poorest countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, their initiatives have failed to meet their objectives. The author argues that the reason for this failure is the inability to bring sovereign countries to the table to re-negotiate their debt agreements with private creditors as they fear credit rating agencies and the prospect of a downgrade. The author refers to this as the 'credit rating impasse'. This book proposes a novel solution. The author asserts that there is a need in the literature to unpick the dynamic that exists and creates that impasse, namely the pressures that exist between sovereign states, private creditors, credit rating agencies, and the geo-political backdrop that is massively influential in the dynamic, that is, the adversarial relationship between China and the US. This book addresses the recent history of debt treatment for poorer countries and related successes and failures: COVID-19-related issues and the development of the Debt Service Suspension Initiative and the Common Framework for Debt Treatment. This book examines the reasons for their failure by analysing the positions of the sovereign states, the division between private and official creditors and between multilateral institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank, credit rating agencies, and the competing political entities of China and the US. It presents a wider picture of the systemic underpinnings to such debt-related issues and, when examined through a geo-political perspective, the subsequent chances of future debt treatment-related successes. Licence line: The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Auditing Fundamentals covers the exciting and developing financial area of both External and Internal auditing in a clear and reader friendly way. This up-to-date textbook examines the fundamentals of auditing in terms of legislation, codes affecting the profession, and the International Auditing Standards.

This book investigates how corporate governance is directing the internal audit function (IAF) adaptation as a response to enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. To date, there is insufficient knowledge about the adaptations of the IAF, which are required if it is to maintain its essential role as a governance mechanism. This book extends the reader's knowledge by exploring and theorising the adaptation of the IAF after ERP introduction and points towards future trends. Adopting an institutional approach, it analyses how the IAF responds to the external governance pressures and the internal pressures of the control logic following the introduction of an ERP system. Featuring data from two listed companies in the food and beverage sector and two large banks operating in Egypt, this volume will be of interest to researchers and academics in the field of financing and ERP systems in particular.

Extraordinary technological progress, but also the experience gained from the global COVID-19 pandemic, force the future vision of the world's economic development to assume a close coexistence and intense interaction between production (manufacturing) and logistics and supply chain management. This perspective requires that the current functioning of organizations will have to be radically remodeled so that they can face not only market competition, but also the turbulent changes (VUCA) that take place in their close environment. Therefore, in the next few years, one of the most important tools for improving organizations may become the industry audits, especially logistics audit. This book explores the development, methods and impact of logistics audits on organizations. In a holistic way, the book refers to topics such as internal audit, control, logistics system of enterprises, principles of conducting logistics audit and its problem areas (risk), logistics audit of procurement, production, warehousing, distribution, and supply chains, impact of the digital economy on organizations, and the European market for logistics audit services. Undoubtedly, the greatest asset of this book is that, in international terms, it is the first compact book devoted to the issue of logistics audit. Unique and timely, the book will be an essential resource for academics and postgraduate students of logistics, supply chain management and global operations in particular.

Environmental finance and green banking are central drivers of the transition to a sustainable economy and essential components in solutions to climate change. This book presents the latest research on theory and practices in these interdisciplinary fields, incorporating both public and corporate finance. It introduces three parts - environmental investing and financing, green banking and environmental policies in the public sector. The book explores the current trends, dynamics and ways forward for environmental finance and green banking, including fundamental theories (e.g., environmental Kuznets curve) and comparisons between traditional and green bond efficiency, corporate governance practices and disclosure, green central banking, climate finance, sustainable strategies, green Islamic banking, and public climate fund management in multi-country context. The contributors to this book highlight significant challenges ahead while recognizing potential opportunities, such as the revolution in green investments and trading in green bonds. This book is a welcome addition to the literature on environmental economics and finance and the economics of sustainability and climate change.

This print textbook is available for students to rent for their classes. The Pearson print rental program provides students with affordable access to learning materials, so they come to class ready to succeed. For introductory courses in managerial finance. Using financial concepts to solve real-world problems with a proven teaching and learning framework The Teaching and Learning System - a hallmark feature of Principles of Managerial Finance - weaves pedagogy into concepts and practice, giving students a roadmap to follow through the text and supplementary tools. The 16th Edition concentrates on the material students need to know in order to make effective financial decisions in an increasingly competitive business environment. It allows students to make the connections between a firm's action and its value, as determined in the financial market. With a generous amount of examples, this text is an easily accessible resource for in- and out-of-class learning.

Law of one price continues to be a central tenet of Financial Economics. This book is devoted towards examining law of one price in the context of dually-listed shares of Indian companies. Put simply, this book delves on the relationship between the prices of domestic shares issued by Indian companies and the prices of foreign shares issued by the same companies. It also examines the evolving uncertainty in relationships between such dually-listed shares issued by Indian companies. It draws upon the insights that we garnered over the years while working on technical papers in this area. The book, thus, undertakes concerted efforts to present facts in a manner that sensitize and meaningfully inform readers of the prevalent breadth and depth of dual-listing (cross-listing) landscape globally and more so, locally (India).

This is a much needed volume on the German financial system providing both a descriptive survey of the present state of the system and a new analytical framework to explain its workings. This book is written by a team of scholars, predominantly from the Centre for Financial Studies in Frankfurt.

There has been an increasing interest in financial markets across sociology, history, anthropology, cultural studies, and related disciplines over the past decades, with particular intensity since the 2007-2008 crisis which prompted new analyses of the workings of financial markets and how "scandals of Wall Street" might have huge societal ramifications. The sociologically inclined landscape of finance studies is characterized by different more or less well- established homogeneous camps, with more micro-empirical, social studies of finance approaches on the one end of the spectrum and more theoretical, often neo-Marxist approaches, on the other. Yet alternative approaches are also gaining traction, including work that emphasizes the cultural homologies and interconnections with finance as well as work that, more broadly, is both empirically rigorous and theoretically ambitious. Importantly, across these various approaches to finance, a growing body of literature is taking shape which engages finance in a critical manner. The term "critical finance studies" nonetheless remains largely unfocused and undefined. Against this backdrop, the key rationales of The Routledge Handbook of Critical Finance Studies are firstly to provide a coherent notion of this emergent field and secondly to demonstrate its analytical usefulness across a wide range of central aspects of contemporary finance. As such, the volume will offer a comprehensive guide to students and academics on the field of Finance and Critical Finance Studies, Heterodox Economics, Accounting, and related Management disciplines. Chapter 14 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license at https://tandfbis.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781138079816_oachapter14.pdf

Auditor reporting on going-concern-related uncertainties remains one of the most challenging issues faced by external auditors. Business owners, market participants and audit regulators want an early warning of impending business failure. However, companies typically do not welcome audit opinions indicating uncertainty regarding their future viability. Thus, the auditor's decision to issue a "going concern opinion" (GCO) is a complex and multi-layered one, facing a great deal of tension. Given such a rich context, academic researchers have examined many facets related to an auditor's decision to issue a GCO. This monograph reviews and synthesizes 182 recent GCO studies that have appeared since the last significant review published in 2013 through the end of 2019. The authors categorize studies into the three broad areas of GCO: (1) determinants, (2) accuracy and (3) consequences. As an integral part of their synthesis, they summarize the details of each study in several user-friendly tables. After discussing and synthesizing the research, they present a discussion of opportunities for future research, including issues created or exacerbated as a result of the global COVID-19 pandemic. This monograph will be of assistance to researchers interested in exploring this area of auditor responsibility. It will also be of interest to auditing firms and individual practitioners wanting to learn what academic research has examined and found regarding this challenging aspect of audit practice. Auditing standard-setters and regulators will find it of interest as the authors review numerous studies examining issues related to audit policy and regulation, and their effects on GCO decisions. The examination of GCO research is extremely timely given the financial and business disruption caused by the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. This unprecedented global event has caused companies, auditors and professional bodies to revisit and reassess their approach to going concern, and to think even more deeply about this fundamental business imperative.

The text adopts a questioning attitude to the subject, asking why accounting practices exist and how they work, without lingering on the technicalities. For those who favour the 'why' over 'how to' approach, Financial Accounting is the ideal introductory core text for first-year financial accounting students. The text is deliberately and positively accessible for first-time students, with frequent exercises in all chapters, and answers to these supplied straight after the questions. These do not so much test understanding of the subject as develop understanding through self-testing and repetition.

The rapid globalization of capital markets has increased attention toward examining the quality of the disclosure practices implemented by companies, as internationalization and globalization are the most important motives of the harmonization of financial statements preparation and presentation. Given the expansion of trade and the openness to foreign capital markets, investment decisions became not limited only for local users, but also international users may need to access the financial information. The issuance of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) to be used throughout the world aims to improve the comparability and understandability of financial statements, and hence, to enhance investment decisions through helping investors across the borders to invest in multinational companies. Although fluid and under-developed institutional arrangements remain central features of emerging markets, ensuring effective corporate governance mechanisms would indeed support companies in complying with IFRS - the latter imposes a challenge for companies operating in emerging markets. This book evaluates the differences in the level of compliance with IFRS across the GCC states, exploring the impact of corporate governance on the level of compliance with IFRS and presenting an empirical analysis of companies across the GCC. It makes an important contribution by providing a detailed empirical analysis of the interplay between corporate governance and IFRS in emerging market setting and highlights the way for future research. It will provide international business, management, and accounting and finance students and senior practitioners with a completely new and updated guide to the work in the field of corporate governance and IFRS compliance in emerging markets.

Praise for "Internal Audit Reports Post Sarbanes-Oxley: A Guide to Process-Driven Reporting"

"In a post-SOX era, internal audit plays a key role in helping CEOs and CFOs to assess internal controls over financial reporting. Effective communication, by way of issuing clear, crisp, and timely internal audit reports, is essential to the speedy remedy of any deficiencies representing high risk for the corporation. This book serves as a tool box to improve such written communication from internal audit."
--Stephane Girard, former director, Internal Audit, Schlumberger Limited

"This is a cutting-edge book that should be of interest to anyone associated with the internal auditing profession. The book focuses on post-SOX issues as they relate to report writing and emphasizes the critical importance of written communication in the corporate world. The author's unique process-oriented approach makes for a practical and readable end product that should prove beneficial to a wide audience of accounting practitioners."
--Dr. Richard G. Brody, CPA, CFE, Associate Professor of Accounting, Anderson Schools of Management, University of New Mexico

"Internal Audit Reports Post Sarbanes-Oxley offers a broad array of practical tools and techniques to make internal audit communications effective in the world of global business. By using these techniques in their reports, e-mails, and phone conversations, internal auditors can connect the dots for audit committees and financial executives--and transform information into knowledge."
--Ted Senko, Global Leader of Internal Audit Services, KPMG

"Written with humor, energy, and clarity, I hear her message on each page. This will be avaluable tool to all auditors, and others, who write financial reports."
--Nicholas J.S. Causton, Manager, Financial Training, Schlumberger LTD

Internal auditors are the front-line financial reporters for most companies. Now, in addition to logging their findings and making recommendations, they are required to link their findings directly to potential risks and accountability issues in accordance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Brimming with commonsense advice delivered in a conversational, easy-to-read style, "Internal Audit Reports Post Sarbanes-Oxley: A Guide to Process-Driven Reporting" helps internal auditors and financial managers to transform raw data into useable information and to then translate that information into actionable messages while complying with SOX.

In the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis, corporate collapses, accounting scandals and concerns around competition and auditor choice, the European Commission (EC) promoted the preparation of various reports on audit policy to support a harmonisation process of European auditing regulation. Consequently, the European Union Audit Regulation and Directive was implemented from 2016. This book provides a timely picture of the audit sector and how it responds to regulatory and technological challenges. It analyses the impact of EU reforms on audit practices by comparing the U.K. and Italy, which, representing two very different regulatory and cultural contexts, will offer insight into how the efforts at standardising audit regulation may lead to very different organisational firm responses within Europe. It addresses issues relating to public policy work and the concerns faced by the market for audit and assurance services, in promoting audit quality, better communication about the role of the auditor, capital market stability and confidence, and auditor independence. Moreover, it highlights what the future of auditing might look like in the EU particularly after the U.K. has left, and how meeting public expectations will continue to be a struggle for the accounting profession given the many problems ahead. The book encourages a deeper awareness of the challenges faced by those that monitor and certify the financial statements of the world's largest public companies and contributes to the general understanding of this controversial industry. It will serve as a useful guide to the recent EU audit reforms, not only for academics, and research students but also to regulators, policymakers, standard setters, industry professionals, and business executives worldwide.

This study of the business of football considers its income and cost drivers, its capital structure and its accounting policies through UK examples and international comparison. Also addressed are the conflicts arising out of the incorporation of football and the dichotomy between sport and business, leading to a suggested contemporary framework for accountability and business behaviour.

This book explores the potential for public banks to help finance the expansion, democratization and sustainability of public water services in Europe, with implications for public water financing elsewhere in the world. Financing the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 6 for water and sanitation will be enormously expensive and will also depend largely on public water operators. Where will this money to fund public water services come from? One option is public banks. These state-owned institutions constitute just under 20% of global banking assets, holding close to $50 trillion in assets. Many public banks have explicit mandates to finance public water management and related public goods, and they have been doing so for decades. And yet, despite a resurgence of interest in public banks, their roles and potential in funding public water services have been largely ignored by researchers and policy makers. This book aims to measure the scale and nature of interactions between public banks and public water operators in the European region; identify challenges and opportunities for deeper engagement between public banks and public water operators; recognize promising practices and how these might be transferred elsewhere in the world; and assess possibilities for more democratic forms of public bank and public water interactions. This volume will be of great use to students and researchers interested in political ecology and economy, development and cooperation, public policy as well as water governance and management. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Water International.

The CFA Institute has announced that all 2021 exams will continue to reflect the official 2020 curriculum. Wiley's Study Guides and Test Bank for 2020 Level III CFA(R) program exam is proven to help candidates understand, retain, and master the CFA Program Curriculum. Complete with color-coded Study Guides and coverage of every Learning Outcome Statement on the exam. With thousands of pages of distilled knowledge from our staff of charterholders and instructors, these books are a highly effective and proven study aid filled with exam tips, fundamental concepts, and in-depth examples. Our authors have used their years of personal teaching experience with students from a variety of backgrounds to develop study guides that improve the study experience of CFA Level III candidates and include practical and helpful tips and test-taking advice though-out the text. The color-coding feature, which makes it easier for you to follow cases and examples that make references to graphs and sets of financial statements. Most subjects, especially Economics, Portfolio Management and Fixed Income use plenty of figures and diagrams to illustrate important concepts. Our study guides include all those figures and additional commentary to make the material easily understandable. The Test Bank features hundreds of questions, with rationales and full explanations. Students can filter question set by subtopic and also view as 'new', 'seen before' and 'never seen before'. You can also randomize to prevent memorization, create unlimited custom practice sessions and tests. The Test Bank is optimized for desktop and tablet use. Just wanted to let you know I am VERY happy with the notes. Much more clear than other providers! --Brian, USA The Study Guides were more clearly and thoroughly (and yet somehow more concisely!) written than the competitors. --Vanessa, Spain "Your study guides, lectures and practice questions are really helping me grasp these difficult concepts better. Thanks! --Amy, USA Wiley's prep material was a huge part of my success on the exam... Thank you so much for all of the support you have provided. I truly believe in the Wiley products, and will be recommending them to students for years to come. --Lindsey G, USA Looked at the economics module you sent me, the notes at University do not even come close, and its probably true for a lot of people, including those who have already completed an honors degree or MBA at some of the top universities around the world. --Geoffrey, South Africa

Modern companies are under increasing pressure to conduct their business in an environmentally responsible manner due to social and environmental problems. They must find the means to deploy their businesses in a socially- and environmentally-sustainable way without sacrificing their economic performance (e.g., profits to shareholders and owners) and wellbeing. By integrating multiple processes and methods, management accounting plays a key role in achieving a company's sustainability, notably by providing reliable, relevant, accurate, and timely information to managers. Management Accounting Standards for Sustainable Business Practices is a pivotal reference source that explores how management accounting plays a key role in establishing future business strategies and adapting to business, corporate image, and reputation, and identifies responses to the requirements of the business environment and all stakeholders in developing multilateral communication and interactive relationships. It contrasts external financial accounting for government regulators and the investment community with internal management accounting for managers to leverage for decision making. Featuring research on topics such as ethical practices, creative accounting, and strategic planning, this book is ideally designed for CFOs, financial controllers, business analysts, FP&A analysts, managers, leaders, researchers, and students.

International GAAP 2021 International GAAP 2021 is a detailed guide to interpreting and implementing International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). By setting IFRS in a relevant business context, it provides insights on how complex practical issues should be resolved in the real world of global financial reporting. This book is an essential tool for anyone applying, auditing, interpreting, regulating, studying or teaching IFRS. Written by EY financial reporting professionals from around the world, this three-volume guide to reporting under IFRS provides a global perspective on the application of IFRS. The book explains complex technical accounting issues clearly by setting IFRS in a practical context with numerous worked examples and hundreds of illustrations from the published financial reports of major listed companies from around the world. Volume 1 contains the following chapters and sections: International GAAP The IASB's Conceptual Framework Presentation of financial statements and accounting policies Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations First-time adoption Consolidated financial statements Consolidation procedures and non-controlling interests Separate and individual financial statements Business combinations Business combinations under common control Investments in associates and joint ventures Joint arrangements Disclosure of interests in other entities Fair value measurement Foreign exchange Hyperinflation Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Investment property Impairment of fixed assets and goodwill Capitalisation of borrowing costs Inventories Index of extracts from financial statements for all three volumes Index of standards for all three volumes Index for all three volumes This book is printed on acid-free paper, responsibly manufactured from well-managed FSC-certified forests and other controlled sources. This material has been prepared for general informational purposes only and is not intended to be relied upon as accounting, tax, legal or other professional advice. Please refer to your advisors for specific advice. ey.com/igaap

This book complements the textbook Investment Valuation and Appraisal - Theory and Practice. It contains exercises and solutions often used at academic courses about investment evaluation around the world. Using the sample solutions for the assignments, the learning progress itself can be checked by students. Thus, this book enables students of business administration to prepare for exams in self-study. In addition, it is ideal for practitioners as an illustrative object for concrete quantitative business problems and their solutions.The book covers tasks in areas such as static investment evaluation methods, dynamic investment evaluation methods, selection of alternatives and investment program planning, optimum useful lifetime and optimum replacement time and investment decisions in uncertainty. The book closes with a mock exam and its solution as is typical at universities. Solutions are shown in an Excel sheet which is available online.

Company financial reports are a key resource for investors, helping them uncover priceless information about a company's profitability, or lack thereof, from the figures as well as through other non-monetary indicators. Details of lawsuits, changes in accounting methods, liquidations, and mergers and acquisitions can all be ways of detecting red flags if you know where to look. However the jargon and financial footnotes in financial reports can be difficult to decipher, and this For Dummies guide on the subject will help readers to understand company reports and make sensible investment choices based on publicly held information. Taking you step-by-step through the finer points of financial reports, this straightforward guide will help you get to grips with the most accurate way to wade through the numbers, judge a company's performance, and make profitable investment decisions. This UK Adaptation focuses on the UK financial market, with the FTSE index as the focus of the book.

* Universally regarded as the most readable and student friendly school finance book on the market. * Includes strong explanations of budgets and budgetary processes. * More manageable and accessible than other texts, while maintaining comprehensive coverage * Authored by three of the nation's top school finance scholars with elite credentials and widespread name recognition. * Rich cases and point-counterpoint feature