This book addresses age-based persecution of children as a crime against humanity in connection with genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes (persecution - with some variation in the elements of the crime - is an existing offence under the Rome Statute of the permanent International Criminal Court, the statutes of various international criminal tribunals i.e. International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and under the statutes of other international criminal courts (i.e. the Special Court of Sierra Leone)). The book introduces a completely original concept in international criminal law, however, in discussing age-based persecution of children as an international crime against humanity where (i) the particular discrete child collective is targeted 'as such' for international atrocity crimes or (ii) individual children are targeted based on their age-based group identity as it intersects with other perpetrator - targeted characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, religion etc.

Illustrating the power of play for helping children overcome a wide variety of worries, fears, and phobias, this book provides a toolkit of play therapy approaches and techniques. Coverage encompasses everyday fears and worries in 3- to 12-year-olds as well as anxiety disorders and posttraumatic problems. Leading practitioners describe their approaches step by step and share vivid illustrative case material. Each chapter also summarizes the research base for the interventions discussed. Key topics include adapting therapy to each child's developmental level, engaging reluctant or less communicative clients, and involving parents in treatment.

Overnutrition? Undernutrition? Cutting through current anxiety and hype, Small Bites answers key questions about child nutrition and eating by exploring their biological and sociocultural determinants. Are children naturally picky eaters? How can school meals help to address food insecurity and malnutrition? How has the industrial food system commodified children's food and shaped children's bodies? Tina Moffat investigates the feeding of children in school and at home around the world, revealing the influence of varied cultural approaches to childhood and food. This important work sets a course for food policy, schools, communities, and caregivers to improve children's food and nutrition.

In the early development of the modern Italian state, individual orphanages were a reflection of the intertwining of politics and charity. Nearly half of the children who lived in the cities of the late Italian Renaissance were under fifteen years of age. Grinding poverty, unstable families, and the death of a parent could make caring for these young children a burden. Many were abandoned, others orphaned. At a time when political rulers fashioned themselves as the "fathers" of society, these cast-off children presented a very immediate challenge and opportunity. In Bologna and Florence, government and private institutions pioneered orphanages to care for the growing number of homeless children. Nicholas Terpstra discusses the founding and management of these institutions, the procedures for placing children into them, the children's daily routine and education, and finally their departure from these homes. He explores the role of the city-state and considers why Bologna and Florence took different paths in operating the orphanages. Terpstra finds that Bologna's orphanages were better run, looked after the children more effectively, and were more successful in returning their wards to society as productive members of the city's economy. Florence's orphanages were larger and harsher, and made little attempt to reintegrate children into society. Based on extensive archival research and individual stories, Abandoned Children of the Italian Renaissance demonstrates how gender and class shaped individual orphanages in each city's network and how politics, charity, and economics intertwined in the development of the early modern state.

The twenty-first century has seen an explosion in the ways and means in which children can become part of celebrity culture. With the rise in popularity of reality TV, child beauty pageants, talent shows, and social media platforms, as well as more established routes to fame through TV, cinema, theatre and music, the number of children establishing a presence in public life continues to proliferate. Childhood and Celebrity brings together international scholarly writing and research about famous children, and representations of childhood, from a range of disciplines including Childhood Studies, Celebrity Studies, Cultural Studies and Film Studies in order to open up a theoretical space in which to explore and understand the complex relationship between contemporary childhood and celebrity culture. This unique collection includes detailed case studies of specific child performers such as McCaulay Culkin and Miley Cyrus, histories of child stars in the 'Golden Age' of Hollywood, analyses of representations of children in film and discussions of children as media creators and producers. Key themes of transgression, gender, 'coming of age', childhood innocence and children's rights recur in the chapters and present a compelling argument for the emergence of the field of Childhood and Celebrity as an area of study in its own right.

Safeguarding should be a central concern for any sports organisation working with children or young people. This significant new study examines the development, implementation and impact of the International Safeguards for Children in Sport; a set of guidelines drawn up by a working group of international organisations committed to child protection which lays out the measures that need to be taken to ensure children are kept safe from harm. Including critical perspectives and in-depth real-life case studies, this book looks beyond perpetrator, victim and abuse to focus on the development of a systematic safeguarding culture. The first study to adopt a global perspective on safeguarding in sport, it draws on the insights of researchers and practitioners to discuss best practise for child welfare, organisational reform, policy implementation and directions for future research. International Safeguards for Children in Sport: Developing and Embedding a Safeguarding Culture is important reading for all those working directly with children through the provision of sport in schools and communities, as well as for students and researchers of the sociology of sport.

While the notion of young people as individuals worthy or capable of having rights is of relatively recent origin, over the past several decades there has been a substantial increase in both social and political commitment to children's rights as well as a tendency to grant young people some of the rights that were typically accorded only to adults. In addition, there has been a noticeable shift in orientation from a focus on children's protection and provision to an emphasis on children's participation and self-determination. With contributions from a wide range of international scholars, the Handbook of Children's Rights brings together research, theory, and practice from diverse perspectives on children's rights. This volume constitutes a comprehensive treatment of critical perspectives concerning children's rights in their various forms. Its contributions address some of the major scholarly tensions and policy debates comprising the current discourse on children's rights, including the best interests of the child, evolving capacities of the child, states' rights versus children's rights, rights of children versus parental or family rights, children as citizens, children's rights versus children's responsibilities, and balancing protection and participation. In addition to its multidisciplinary focus, the handbook includes perspectives from social science domains in which children's rights scholarship has evolved largely independently due to distinct and seemingly competing assumptions and disciplinary approaches (e.g., childhood studies, developmental psychology, sociology of childhood, anthropology, and political science). The handbook also brings together diverse methodological approaches to the study of children's rights, including both quantitative and qualitative perspectives, and policy analysis. This comprehensive, cosmopolitan, and timely volume serves as an important reference for both scholarly and policy-driven interest in the voices and perspectives of children and youth.

Containing over 50 activities (exercises, worksheets and games) which can be used in working with children, adolescents or families, this text aims to encourage creativity in therapy and assist in talking with children to facilitate change. These activities have been designed to be used as therapeutic tools to aid a variety of approaches, and whilst they can be used alone are also designed to supplement the approach taken by a therapist. Intended to help the therapist gain rapport with clients who have problems with verbal communication, the text is also cross-referenced by problem and activity, as well as by the features of each game/exercise (for example, "Rewards"). Details required for each activity are given, as is age range where appropriate. All the illustrations and worksheets in the book are copyright free.

This volume provides practitioners with clear, helpful information about the process of understanding and engaging a wide array of boys and adolescent males in counseling. It supplies case examples and covers topics including race, ethnicity, religion, and other cultural factors of boys. A practical tool for school and mental health practitioners who need to understand and respond to the developmental and special issues of boys and adolescent males, Counseling Troubled Boys creates a bridge between young men and helping professionals. Key content includes adjustment issues, strategies for establishing rapport, interventions, case studies, and suggestions for future training and research.

The first volume to consider childhood over eight centuries of British writing, this book traces the literary child from medieval to contemporary texts. Written by international experts, the volume's essays challenge earlier readings of childhood and offer fascinating contributions to the current upsurge of interest in constructions of childhood.

Research Methods for Early Childhood Education takes an international perspective on research design and illustrates how research methods are inextricably linked to cultural and theoretical understandings of early childhood, young children's competences and the purposes of education. The book offers a critical and reflective approach to established and innovative research methods in early childhood education, making links between diverse methodologies, methods and theory, with illustrative examples of research in practice. Each chapter addresses a specific methodological approach, linking the methodology to early childhood education with vignettes as examples of research practice in the global north, south, east and west, and offering practical examples and critical thinking around new theoretical understandings of early childhood across geographical and cultural contexts. The book critically examines: - the role of the researcher - conceptualisations of how research is undertaken; - how early childhood education is understood; - the often sensitive nature of conducting research with young children; - how young children can be included as active research participants. Throughout, the book emphasises ethical and methodological issues that arise from undertaking research in diverse social and cultural contexts. Further reading lists provide a selection of seminal and recent studies that have adopted each methodological approach.

As children and teens are exposed to more and more pressure at school, exam stress comes hand in hand. This workbook, a fun and interactive resource aimed at children aged 10 and over, offers teachers, other professionals and parents proven techniques to support young people's wellbeing through revision and exams. Applying a cognitive behavioural framework, it helps pupils to consider academic stress in terms of thoughts, feeling, body sensations and behaviour. Strategies encompass managing a child's lifestyle, exercise and diet as well as tried-and-tested CBT techniques including relaxation, positive self-talk and mindfulness. Chapters look at the day of the exam itself, evaluate stress in children with special educational needs and provide practical advice for parents as to how they can successfully support their child. In a fully photocopiable format and suitable for either individual use or group work, Helping Kids and Teens with Exam Stress in Schools will guide parents, teachers, therapists and support staff to conquer students' fears, improve exam performance and, perhaps most important of all, maintain a work-fun balance in young people's lives.

Coming from a range of methodological and theoretical orientations, this volume showcases the lives of children and the policies that shape children's lives on five continents. Across these research articles, it becomes clear that we cannot continue to assume a certain meaning of childhood, because this concept is bound by both cultural and structural factors. Cultural expectations influence how societies view children and how children view themselves. A handful of these studies show how immigrant children and youth provide particularly interesting insight as they navigate more than one cultural context. Structural factors also become salient, as children come from unequal backgrounds, different levels of economic development, and face varying political concerns. While these papers come from different doorsteps of the world, cultural and structural threads of continuity connect them as meaningful for children. This volume illustrates how international childhood researchers can use current concepts and theories into unlikely contexts exposing their limitations and helping to inform more versatile and robust lines of thinking for children and youth studies.

Die Fahigkeit zur Bindung entwickelt sich von der Geburt bis etwa zum dritten Lebensjahr. Drei bis funf Prozent aller Kinder zeigen Anzeichen einer schweren Stoerung der Bindungsfahigkeit, die oft zu antisozialem und kriminellem Verhalten fuhrt. Basierend auf seiner langjahrigen Erfahrung liefert Dr. Rygaard Psychologen, AErzten, Betreuern und Pflegeeltern das erforderliche theoretische Verstandnis und praktische Rustzeug. Viele lebensnahe Falldarstellungen fuhren Leser Schritt fur Schritt in die interdisziplinaren Grundlagen ein: klassische Symptome der gestoerten Bindungsfahigkeit, Vorbeugemassnahmen und die Behandlung wahrend der verschiedenen Lebensabschnitte. Wichtige Kapitel widmen sich Fragen der Adoption, des schwierigen Schulkindes, des sexuellen Missbrauchs und der persoenlichen Entwicklung der Betreuer und Vorschlagen zur Gestaltung des therapeutischen Milieus und des Teamworks.

Online Risk to Children brings together the most up-to-date theory, policy, and best practices for online child protection and abuse prevention. * Moves beyond offender assessment and treatment to discuss the impact of online abuse on children themselves, and the risks and vulnerabilities inherent in their constantly connected lives * Global in scope, setting contributions from leading researchers and practitioners in the UK in international context via chapters from Australia, the USA and Europe. * Key topics covered include cyberbullying, peer-oriented abuse, victim treatment approaches, international law enforcement strategies, policy responses, and the role of schools and industry

Most infants, children, and adolescents facing mental health challenges - including autism, psychosis, mania, depression, anxiety, and substance use - do not receive evidence-based treatments. Instead, they commonly receive ineffective and even harmful treatments. In this book, leading experts from the fields of clinical psychology, school psychology, developmental psychology, pediatric neurology, applied behavior analysis, and social work identify the most problematic psychotherapy interventions used for each mental health issue. In addition to these primary authors, each chapter includes a side bar from a specialist representing the disciplines of pediatrics, anthropology, neuroscience, and psychology. The contributors work in academia, hospitals, and private practice and include book authors, podcasters, and even a filmmaker. Not only does this book highlight the threats of potentially harmful pseudoscience, it also summarizes treatments that actually have a strong evidence base and deliver far more positive results.

This book documents the first five years of life of the children of the influential Millennium Cohort Study, which is tracking almost 19,000 babies born in 2000 and 2001 in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. This book is the second in a series of books which will report on the findings from the data and follows on from Children of the 21st century: From birth to nine months (The Policy Press, 2005). It takes an extended look at the children's lives and development as they grow and begin formal education, and the implications for family policy, and service planning in health and social services. The chapters in this book are written by experts across a wide range of social science and health fields and form a unique look at the early lives of children that cuts across disciplinary boundaries. It is essential reading for academics, students and researchers in these fields. It will also be of relevance to policy makers and practitioners with an interest in children's early years, family life, child development, child poverty, childcare and education and health care.

Children's Rights explores the relevance of children's participatory rights in education, particularly at a time when there are competing demands in meeting the rigid curriculum frameworks whilst taking into account children's entitlement to participate in matters affecting their lives. It engages with theoretical and practical models of participation with an aim to support reflective practice. The chapters are informed by wider academic debates and examples from research and everyday practice in early year settings, making it an accessible read for students, practitioners as well as researchers.

Children come into the world completely helpless, and require well-functioning families and schools to meet their needs, protect their interests and nurture their potential. This book argues that healthy child-development depends on values, ideas and structures that promote justice for children and families; in particular, checks and balances that favour: * Fairness: allowing fair distribution of resources, so that every child and family have the best possible chance to reach their potential. * Protection: resources for families, neighbourhoods and schools to help protect and encourage their children, alongside the means to intervene, should this protection fail. * Autonomy: encouraging children's voice and participation in decision-making at a level commensurate with their maturity. Authored by leading experts in the field, the book is comprised of short, highly readable chapters with an interdisciplinary appeal, for practitioners of social science, law, social work, psychology, paediatrics, psychotherapy, psychiatry and public health alike.

With just the right blend of text and commentary, the popular "A Family Haggadah," with updated text and new full-color art, is the haggadah of choice for families with young children to use at their seders. Hebrew prayers and songs include English translation and transliteration.

EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Millions of children throughout Africa undertake many forms of farm and domestic work. Some of this work is for wages, some is on their family's own small plots and some is forced and/or harmful. This book examines children's involvement in such work. It argues that framing all children's engagement in economic activity as 'child labour', with all the associated negative connotations, is problematic. This is particularly the case in Africa where many rural children must work to survive and where, the contributors argue, much of the work undertaken is not harmful. The conceptual and case-based chapters reframe the debate about children's work and harm in rural Africa with the aim of shifting research, public discourse and policy so that they better serve the interest of rural children and their families.

Throughout distressing cultural battles and disputes over child care, each side claims to have the best interests of children at heart. While developmental scientists have concrete evidence for this debate, their message is often lost or muddied by the media. To demonstrate why this problem matters, this book examines the extensive media coverage of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development - a long-running government-funded study that provides the most comprehensive look at the effects of early child care on American children. Analyses of newspaper articles and interviews with scientists and journalists reveal what happens to science in the public sphere and how children's issues can be used to question parents' choices. By shining light on these issues, the authors bring clarity to the enduring child care wars while providing recommendations for how scientists and the media can talk to - rather than past - each other.

Germany's war against the Soviet Union raised a small army of child soldiers. Thousands of those below the enlistment age served with regular and paramilitary formations, even though they were not formally mobilised or allowed at the front. For several decades after the war, these youngsters played an important part in Soviet remembrance culture, though their true experiences were obscured by the myth of the Great Patriotic War.
Situated at the crossroads of social, cultural, and military history, Little Soldiers is the first to tell the story of the Soviet Union's child soldiers in a critical and systematic fashion. Focusing on the mechanisms and psychological consequences of propaganda on Soviet children, as well as their combat deployment, Kucherenko adopts a three-tier approach to writing the history of childhood: 'from above', 'from below', and 'from within'. A wide variety of new sources provide insight into young soldiers' combat motivations and the roles they played in the field, as well as their routine experiences and relationship with older comrades. Far from being victims, Soviet child soldiers emerge as independent social actors capable of making choices about their behaviour .
Little Soldiers interconnects with matters of increasing importance: the role of propaganda in military conflicts, the totalization of warfare, child-soldiering, and social reflexivity.

The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child is acknowledged as a landmark in the development of children's rights. Article 3 makes the child's best interests a primary consideration in all actions concerning children and requires States Parties to ensure their care and protection. This volume, written by experts in children's rights from a range of jurisdictions, explores the implementation of Article 3 around the world. It opens with a contextual analysis of Article 3, before offering a critique of its implementation in various settings, including parenting, religion, domestic violence and baby switching. Amongst the themes that emerge are the challenges posed by the content of 'best interests', 'welfare' and 'well-being'; the priority to be accorded them; and the legal, socioeconomic and other obstacles to legislating for children's rights. This book is essential for all readers who interact with one of the Convention's most fundamental principles.