Different Childhoods: Non/Normative Development and Transgressive Trajectories opens up new avenues for exploring children's development as contextual, provisional and locally produced, rather than a unitary, universal and consistent process. This edited collection frames a critical exploration of the trajectory against which children are seen to be 'different' within three key themes: deconstructing 'developmental tasks', locating development and the limits of childhood. Examining the particular kinds of 'transgressive' development, contributors discuss instances of 'difference' including migration, work, assumptions of vulnerability, trans childhoods, friendships and involvement in crime. Including both empirical and theoretical discussions, the book builds on existing debates as part of the interrogation of 'different childhoods'. This book provides essential reading for students wishing to explore notions of development while also being of interest to both academics and practitioners working across a broad area of disciplines such as developmental psychology, sociology, childhood studies and critical criminology.

Essential for any real estate professional or student performing feasibility studies for property development using Microsoft Excel and two of the most commonly used proprietary software systems, Argus Developer and Estate Master DF. This is the first book to not only review the place of financial feasibility studies in the property development process, but to examine both the theory and mechanics of feasibility studies through the construction of user friendly examples using these software systems. The development process has seen considerable changes in practice in recent years as developers and advisors have adopted modern spread sheets and software models to carry out feasibility studies and appraisals. This has greatly extended their ability to model more complex developments and more sophisticated funding arrangements, saving time and improving accuracy. Tim Havard brings over 25 years of industry and software experience to guide students and practitioners through the theory of development appraisals and feasibility studies before providing internationally applicable worked examples and potential pitfalls using Excel, Argus Developer and Estates Master DF.

This book provides new evidence of the theoretical and empirical causes and consequences of child labor. In so doing, the chapters provide a unique set of policy prescriptions that are applicable to both the developing countries that make up the case studies of the volume, as well as other countries more broadly. The volume is constructed to inform policy with rigorous analysis. However, unlike most academic studies, the language and flavour of the volume is largely non-technical, while the policy recommendations are practical. The volume is made up of three sections. The first section builds on the existing literature and provides new theoretical insights into child labor. Section 2 provides empirical evidence from both quantitative and qualitative case studies on child labor from across Asia, Africa and Latin America. This section provides information from studies conducted in Brazil, Cameroon, the Dominican Republic, India and Vietnam. Section 3 provides policy recommendations.

By regarding children as actors and conducting empirical research on children's agency, Childhood Studies have gained significant influence on a wide range of different academic disciplines. This has made agency one of the key concepts of Childhood Studies, with articles on the subject featured in handbooks and encyclopaedias. Reconceptualising Agency and Childhood is the first collection devoted to the central concept of agency in Childhood Studies. With contributions from experts in the field, the chapters cover theoretical, practical, historical, transnational and institutional dimensions of agency, rekindling discussion and introducing fundamental and contemporary sociological perspectives to the field of research. Particular attention is paid to connecting agency in the social sciences with Childhood Studies, considering both the theoretical foundations and the practice of research into agency. Empirical case studies are also explored, which focus upon child protection, schools and childcare at a variety of institutions worldwide. This book is an essential reference for students and scholars of Childhood Studies, and is also relevant to Sociology, Social Work, Education, Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) and Geography. Chapter 6 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/tandfbis/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781138854192_oachapter6.pdf

Discrimination impacts most youth at some point. Almost all children and adolescents belong to at least one stigmatized group, whether they are a Black or Latino boy in school; an immigrant or refugee; a gay, lesbian, or bisexual teen; or a girl in physics class. Discrimination on the basis of race/ethnicity, immigration status, gender, sexual orientation, and gender identity can have long-term academic, psychological, and social repercussions, especially when it is directed at a cognitively developing child or an emotionally vulnerable adolescent. How children and adolescents are impacted by this discrimination depends on their cognitive ability to perceive the bias, the context in which the bias occurs, and resources they have to help cope with the bias. This book details, synthesizes, and analyzes the perception and impact of discrimination in childhood and adolescence across multiple stigmatized social groups to help us better understand the complex phenomenon of discrimination and its long-term consequences. By looking at the similarities and differences in discrimination across all social groups, we can more fully understand its mechanisms of influence. Before we can fully address the persistent achievement gap between White and ethnic minority children, the high rates of suicidal thoughts among LGBT youth, and the underrepresentation of girls in STEM careers, we must first examine the ways in which discrimination influences and is understood by children, with their unique cognitive constraints and within the specific contexts in which they live.

According to the annual UNICEF report "The State of the World's Children", progress has been achieved in the fight against poverty, but the inequalities in children's conditions still exist. With the data, those most at risk are identified, i.e. children who are least visible in the spotlight of public attention and suffer most from social isolation in the community. In order to develop every society should identify those who are most in need and should look for ways to support them. Both physical and emotional development of children living in socially disadvantaged areas should be supported and their access to basic needs should be facilitated. This book presents the results of a project aiming at mapping child poverty in the Mamak district of Ankara. Taking the local conditions into consideration, an action plan has been developed to characterize the poverty experienced by the children living in the Mamak district and to generate solutions.

From comparative perspective, this book explores the dynamics of child soldiering on the Myanmar-China border (i.e., Kachin and Shan States of Myanmar). At the same time, this book examines the structural factors and specific relationships between child soldiers, which have impacts on child soldiering. This book reveals that Myanmar has limited power to reduce child soldiering on the Myanmar-China border, and there is no optimal solution for reducing child soldiering in the near future. Instead, the book introduces the "transnational public-private partnership" approach as a "second best" solution and proposes suitable countermeasures for all the stakeholders.

Get to grips with the periodic table through an array of guessing games and fun flashcards! This amazing deck of cards welcomes you to the periodic table of elements where you can familiarise yourself with all 118 elements, discovering atomic numbers, mass, melting points and more. The fast facts and intriguing pictures will allow you to grasp a wealth of knowledge in a fun and engaging way! Celebrate your child's curiosity as they explore: -One card for each of the 118 elements -The element's chemical symbol and image are on the front, with a data-set including the element's atomic number, -atomic mass, period, melting point, and when it was discovered are on the back. -Includes supporting information on the periodic table and how atoms and elements work. -A glossary contains definitions of the most relevant terms to do with the periodic table. -Visual aids, such as photos of the elements in their raw state or in use, promote faster learning. -Cards are two-sided, laminated, and packed in a durable cardboard carton. Each card contains snappy and accessible information, displaying an eye-catching image of each chemical element, whilst show-casing the element's uses and how it appears in nature. You can use the cards to test your own knowledge, or how about using them to play a guessing game, quiz, or even a competitive comparison game with a friend? The brightly coloured cards make learning easy and fun for students and chemistry enthusiasts alike. A must-have volume for young readers aged 9+ who love science and are seeking a fun and engaging exploration of the periodic table of elements. Our World in Pictures: The Periodic Table Flashcards breaks down information on each one of the 118 total elements into manageable chunks of memorable and fascinating facts that can keep the kids enthralled for hours on end! A jaw-dropping spectrum of atom types- from lithium to magnesium and more - this all-encompassing chemistry book for kids provides a learning experience like no other! At DK, we believe in the power of discovery. So why not complete the collection? Our World in Pictures is back with an all-encompassing animal book for kids. Explore the animal kingdom like never before with Our World In Pictures: Animals of the World Flashcards and test your new-found knowledge with friends and family.

Class does make a difference in the lives and futures of American children. Drawing on in-depth observations of black and white middle-class, working-class, and poor families, Unequal Childhoods explores this fact, offering a picture of childhood today. Here are the frenetic families managing their children's hectic schedules of "leisure" activities; and here are families with plenty of time but little economic security. Lareau shows how middle-class parents, whether black or white, engage in a process of "concerted cultivation" designed to draw out children's talents and skills, while working-class and poor families rely on "the accomplishment of natural growth," in which a child's development unfolds spontaneously--as long as basic comfort, food, and shelter are provided. Each of these approaches to childrearing brings its own benefits and its own drawbacks. In identifying and analyzing differences between the two, Lareau demonstrates the power, and limits, of social class in shaping the lives of America's children.
The first edition of "Unequal Childhoods" was an instant classic, portraying in riveting detail the unexpected ways in which social class influences parenting in white and African American families. A decade later, Annette Lareau has revisited the same families and interviewed the original subjects to examine the impact of social class in the transition to adulthood.

In An Introduction to Childhood , Heather Montgomery examines the role children have played within anthropology, how they have been studied by anthropologists and how they have been portrayed and analyzed in ethnographic monographs over the last one hundred and fifty years. Offers a comprehensive overview of childhood from an anthropological perspective Draws upon a wide range of examples and evidence from different geographical areas and belief systems Synthesizes existing literature on the anthropology of childhood, while providing a fresh perspective Engages students with illustrative ethnographies to illuminate key topics and themes

Childhood in Ancient Athens offers an in-depth study of children during the heyday of the Athenian city state, thereby illuminating a significant social group largely ignored by most ancient and modern authors alike. It concentrates not only on the child's own experience, but also examines the perceptions of children and childhood by Athenian society: these perceptions variously exhibit both similarities and stark contrasts with those of our own 21st century Western society. The study covers the juvenile life course from birth and infancy through early and later childhood, and treats these life stages according to the topics of nurture, play, education, work, cult and ritual, and death. In view of the scant ancient Greek literary evidence pertaining to childhood, Beaumont focuses on the more copious ancient visual representations of children in Athenian pot painting, sculpture, and terracotta modelling. Notably, this is the first full-length monograph in English to address the iconography of childhood in ancient Athens, and it breaks important new ground by rigorously analysing and evaluating classical art to reconstruct childhood's social history. With over 120 illustrations, the book provides a rich visual, as well as narrative, resource for the history of childhood in classical antiquity.

This volume is the first major exploration of the issues relevant to young people who are affected by sexual exploitation and trafficking from a variety of critical perspectives. Issues include accommodation, gangs, migrant and refugee communities, perpetrators, international policy and the language through which we construct child exploitation.

Mike Brake suggests that subcultures develop in response to social problems which a group experiences collectively, and shows how individuals draw on collective identities to define themselves.
This title available in eBook format. Click here for more information.
Visit our eBookstore at: www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk.

This volume offers new insights into the assessment of the language of Young Learners (YLs). YLs are defined here as being from 5 to 17 years, and are treated as three distinct subgroups: younger children (5/6 to 8/9 years), older children (8/9 to 12/13 years) and teenagers (12/13 to 17 years).The first half addresses fundamental issues, beginning with the characteristics of YLs and how these are manifested in first language development. The authors consider the potential ability of each age group to perform in a second or foreign language, proposing a rough age-related correspondence with CEFR levels. Finally, principles of assessment, specifically formative assessment and testing, are presented in the light of linguistic, cognitive and social development.The second half focusses on testing a range of 'skills'. Theoretical models of performance are introduced, followed by a practical analysis of approaches to the testing of each skill for the three age groups, illustrated with examples. The authors conclude by summing up developmental characteristics of each age group, and their implications for language testing.The book is intended for a wide readership within the field of teaching and assessing the language of young learners. Researchers are offered scope for further investigation of what emerges from the discussion, while practitioners will hopefully find support in their day-to-day work with YLs.

Psychological Assessment of Children, Second Edition offers comprehensive coverage of the most effective approaches to the psychological and educational assessment of children in clinical and school settings. Completely revised and updated, this widely acclaimed resource provides practical, step-by-step guidance on measuring children's adaptive behavior, intelligence, motor skills, neurological functioning, cognitive abilities, vocational aptitudes, interests, and more.

Drawing on the firsthand experiences of leading experts, this book reflects the state-of-the-art thinking in the field of assessment, and helps practitioners determine when and how to use the wide variety of tools at their disposal. It presents the central issues and best practices for the full range of assessment strategies. Its broad scope includes all the major tests used with children, including the WISC-III, the Woodcock-Johnson Revised, Bender Gestalt, Halstead-Reitan, and Luria-Nebraska, as well as invaluable information on conducting clinical interviews and performing informal assessments.

This new edition reflects the latest developments in the field and offers new chapters on perceptual-motor skills, social skills, autistic disorders, mental retardation, and curriculum-based assessment. Careful attention is also given to cultural issues in assessment and to the assessment of special populations.

Each chapter offers an in-depth, practical discussion of an assessment instrument, a presentation of the best practices for administration and interpretation of the instrument, and a detailed case study, illustrating real-world applications of the assessment technique. In addition, each chapter presents a thorough explanation of how to interpret and integrate test results. Readers will appreciate the numerous time-saving resources, including quick-reference tables and charts, that support the text.

Psychological Assessment of Children, Second Edition is an indispensable guide for school, educational, and developmental psychologists; clinical child psychologists; educational diagnosticians; graduate students; and other professionals involved with psychological assessment.

Comprehensive, authoritative, and up-to-date, Psychological Assessment of Children, Second Edition offers step-by-step guidance on the most effective approaches to the psychological and educational assessment of children. Written by leading authorities, this indispensable resource covers all the major assessment tools, including the WISC-III, the Woodcock-Johnson Revised, Bender Gestalt, Halstead-Reitan, and Luria-Nebraska; it provides invaluable information on conducting clinical interviews and performing informal assessment. This Second Edition includes new material on curriculum-based assessment and on the assessment of perceptual-motor skills, social skills, autistic disorders, and mental retardation.

Praise for the previous edition . . .

"Provides important information regarding the best practices in assessment procedures."—Contemporary Psychology

"Assessment and diagnostic practices have undergone dramatic changes. [This book] presents the current wisdom and projected trends of this rapidly evolving field."—Intervention

"An instructive, even-handed book that will orient the reader to the theories, issues, and practicalities. . .[of] the assessment process."

Childhood Deployed examines the reintegration of former child soldiers in Sierra Leone. Based on eighteen months of participant-observer ethnographic fieldwork and ten years of follow-up research, the book argues that there is a fundamental disconnect between the Western idea of the child soldier and the individual lived experiences of the child soldiers of Sierra Leone. Susan Shepler contends that the reintegration of former child soldiers is a political process having to do with changing notions of childhood as one of the central structures of society. For most Westerners the tragedy of the idea of "child soldier" centers around perceptions of lost and violated innocence. In contrast, Shepler finds that for most Sierra Leoneans, the problem is not lost innocence but the horror of being separated from one's family and the resulting generational break in youth education. Further, Shepler argues that Sierra Leonean former child soldiers find themselves forced to strategically perform (or refuse to perform) as the"child soldier" Western human rights initiatives expect in order to most effectively gain access to the resources available for their social reintegration. The strategies don't always work-in some cases, Shepler finds, Western human rights initiatives do more harm than good. While this volume focuses on the well-known case of child soldiers in Sierra Leone, it speaks to the larger concerns of childhood studies with a detailed ethnography of people struggling over the situated meaning of the categories of childhood.It offers an example of the cultural politics of childhood in action, in which the very definition of childhood is at stake and an important site of political contestation.

Within Childhood Research starkly different theoretical and empirical concerns characterize the global south-north divide. Hia Sen attempts to bridge the gap in Childhood Research which usually addresses childhoods differently according to their 'developing/developed', 'western/non-western' contexts, and finds its middle ground in the context of the urban middle classes in contemporary West Bengal. The author documents areas such as leisure practices and everyday lives of school children in India for three cohorts, where it is possible to have a comparative perspective of childhoods given the existing rich ethnographic and historical research on childhoods in other cultural contexts. "

Screen-obsessed: Parenting in the Digital Age is the first book solely focusing on parental supervision of children's media use. This book distills important information regarding how parents can effectively guide their offspring living in the multimedia environment. This book discusses an extensive range of theories, issues, and subjects of parental mediation. Readers will discover how parental mediation works, new and traditional theoretical facets, and how this knowledge can be applied in various settings pertinent to the family.

First published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

This work examines mortality among young children in the period from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. It does so using several types and sources of information from the census unit England and Wales, and from Ireland. The sources of information used in this study include memoirs, diaries, poems, church records and numerical accounts. They offer descriptions of the quality of life and child mortality over the three centuries under study. Additional sources for the nineteenth century are two census-derived numerical indexes of the quality of life. They are the VICQUAL index for England and Wales, and the QUALEIRE index for Ireland. Statistical procedures have been applied to the numbers provided by the sources with the aim to identify effects of and associations between such variables as gender, age, and social background. The book examines the results to consider the impact of children's deaths upon parents and families, and concludes that there are differences and continuities across the centuries.

In the early years of the twenty-first century, the US music industry created a new market for tweens, selling music that was cooler than Barney, but that still felt safe for children. In Tween Pop Tyler Bickford traces the dramatic rise of the "tween" music industry, showing how it marshaled childishness as a key element in legitimizing children's participation in public culture. The industry played on long-standing gendered and racialized constructions of childhood as feminine and white-both central markers of innocence and childishness. In addition to Kidz Bop, High School Musical, and the Disney Channel's music programs, Bickford examines Taylor Swift in relation to girlhood and whiteness, Justin Bieber's childish immaturity, and Miley Cyrus/Hannah Montana and postfeminist discourses of work-life balance. In outlining how tween pop imagined and positioned childhood as both intimate and public as well as a cultural identity to be marketed to, Bickford demonstrates the importance of children's music to core questions of identity politics, consumer culture, and the public sphere.

This book provides an interdisciplinary projection of the factors affecting the lives of Europe's children in the coming decades. It is a sequel to a volume of the same name, published in 1979. Europe is undergoing dramatic changes, demographic, political and technological, which will influence the health, well-being and potential of children. Children are an ever diminishing proportion of the population and their interests rank low on the agenda of most countries. Efforts to improve the quality of their life tend to be uni-dimensional, focusing on a specific group or undertaken by a specific discipline. The absence of co-operation, coordination or even communication between professionals involved with children and families results in inappropriateness, inaccessibility and ineffectiveness of programmes for children and their families. Lack of advocacy for children results in priority being given to other groups.

This book brings together professionals and researchers from a wide range of disciplines (maternal and child health, genetics, psychology, psychiatry, social sciences, epidemiology, city planning, education, law etc.), who participated in a conference, discussed the issues and contributed chapters on topics which appear to be of greatest importance, or to present new challenges, for the healthy development of Europe's children and their passage into a satisfying and productive adulthood. The chapters are arranged in five sections dealing with family, environment, health, education and state, with a final section covering the overall projections. Reference is made to the predictions made in the earlier volume, and the success or failure in basing action on thosepredictions, and special emphasis is given to children with special needs.

Are you interested in working with African-American male students to help them succeed beyond the classroom? If so, this book is for you! Capoeira is a martial art created by enslaved Africans in Brazil, and it combines self-defense tactics with dance movements, percussion instruments, freedom songs, sacred rituals, acrobatic maneuvers, and communal philosophies. Through this highly-anticipated follow-up book to Critical Race and Education for Black Males: When Pretty Boys Become Men, Vernon C. Lindsay illustrates how Capoeira can serve as a resource to encourage positive self-awareness, leadership, and social justice activism among African-American males. This book represents thirteen years of Dr. Lindsay's experiences in Capoeira and illustrates how a physical education class evolved into an after-school program aligned with a culturally responsive curriculum. Through research collected at a Chicago elementary school, Capoeira, Black Males, and Social Justice: A Gym Class Transformed shows how teachers can use culturally responsive curricular methods to engage African-American male students in meaningful lessons, conversations, and actions. This book is a must-read for teachers and administrators in urban school settings. It demonstrates the potential impact of schools in an era where race, gender, sexuality, economic status, and age continue to influence opportunities. Courses with the following themes will benefit from this book: critical race theory in education; African Americans and schooling; introduction to urban education; race, sports, and extracurricular programs; critical pedagogy; gender, difference, and curriculum; teaching and learning in the multicultural, multilingual classroom.

Interviewers face a dilemma when questioning children in a forensic context-an inherent mismatch between the needs of the legal system and the capabilities of young children. This is especially problematic when legal decisions with potentially serious consequences depend on the results of the interview, such as in cases involving eyewitness memory, divorce, and allegations of abuse and neglect. Without accommodations to a child's developmental level, interviews can result in false reports, miscommunication, and misinterpretation, despite an interviewer's best intentions. Evidence-based Child Forensic Interviewing addresses this discrepancy and presents an innovative approach to close the gap by providing the scaffolding, structure, and guidance children need to perform optimally. Created by Drs. Karen J. Saywitz and Lorinda B. Camparo and outlined in this guide, the Developmental Narrative Elaboration (DNE) Interview is an evidence-based step-by-step process and set of techniques for forensic contexts designed to help children ages 3-12 accurately tell as much as they can about their experiences and perceptions. The DNE is comprised of a developmentally sensitive core template and optional techniques that can be embedded at the interviewer's discretion as cases unfold. This book reviews the relevant research and then, with sample language, transcripts, and suggested activities, details a three-phased interview with examples. This empirically supported guide is designed to meet the needs of both novice and seasoned professionals in mental health, social service, law enforcement, and the legal system when children's input is needed for legal and social-service decision making.