What will be the next revolution in software technology to follow XML and generics? Whatever it may be, it is likely to come from functional programming, where many of the key ideas of the last decade originated. In this textbook, the leading researchers of the field take you on a tour of the current hot topics in functional programming, with applications ranging from financial contracts to circuit design. There are also chapters on new idioms for structuring programs, such as monads and arrows. All new concepts are illustrated with many examples, and exercises appear throughout to further enliven the material. Several of the chapters describe a substantial piece of software, and most of these programs are collected on a website for free downloading. This book was edited in honour of Richard S.Bird, Professor of Computer Science at the University of Oxford, on his 60th birthday.

Graph Separators with Applications is devoted to techniques for obtaining upper and lower bounds on the sizes of graph separators - upper bounds being obtained via decomposition algorithms. The book surveys the main approaches to obtaining good graph separations, while the main focus of the book is on techniques for deriving lower bounds on the sizes of graph separators. This asymmetry in focus reflects our perception that the work on upper bounds, or algorithms, for graph separation is much better represented in the standard theory literature than is the work on lower bounds, which we perceive as being much more scattered throughout the literature on application areas. Given the multitude of notions of graph separator that have been developed and studied over the past (roughly) three decades, there is a need for a central, theory-oriented repository for the mass of results. The need is absolutely critical in the area of lower-bound techniques for graph separators, since these techniques have virtually never appeared in articles having the word separator' or any of its near-synonyms in the title. Graph Separators with Applications fills this need.

This edited book presents scientific results of the 14th ACIS/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing (SNPD 2013), held in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA on July 1-3, 2013. The aim of this conference was to bring together scientists, engineers, computer users, and students to share their experiences and exchange new ideas, research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The conference organizers selected the 17 outstanding papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the conference.

Object-oriented database management systems (OODBMS) are used to imple ment and maintain large object databases on persistent storage. Regardless whether the underlying database model follows the object-oriented, the rela tional or the object-relational paradigm, a key feature of any DBMS product is content based access to data sets. On the one hand this feature provides user-friendly query interfaces based on predicates to describe the desired data. On the other hand it poses challenging questions regarding DBMS design and implementation as well as the application development process on top of the DBMS. The reason for the latter is that the actual query performance depends on a technically meaningful use of access support mechanisms. In particular, if chosen and applied properly, such a mechanism speeds up the execution of predicate based queries. In the object-oriented world, such queries may involve arbitrarily complex terms referring to inheritance hierarchies and aggregation paths. These features are attractive at the application level, however, they increase the complexity of appropriate access support mechanisms which are known to be technically non-trivial in the relational world."

Computer Aided Software Engineering brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this important area. Computer Aided Software Engineering serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most important research issues in the field.

This book provides an effective overview of the state-of-the art in software engineering, with a projection of the future of the discipline. It includes 13 papers, written by leading researchers in the respective fields, on important topics like model-driven software development, programming language design, microservices, software reliability, model checking and simulation. The papers are edited and extended versions of the presentations at the PAUSE symposium, which marked the completion of 14 years of work at the Chair of Software Engineering at ETH Zurich. In this inspiring context, some of the greatest minds in the field extensively discussed the past, present and future of software engineering. It guides readers on a voyage of discovery through the discipline of software engineering today, offering unique food for thought for researchers and professionals, and inspiring future research and development.

HIS BOOK CONTAINS a most comprehensive text that presents syntax-directed and compositional methods for the formal veri?- T cation of programs. The approach is not language-bounded in the sense that it covers a large variety of programming models and features that appear in most modern programming languages. It covers the classes of - quential and parallel, deterministic and non-deterministic, distributed and object-oriented programs. For each of the classes it presents the various c- teria of correctness that are relevant for these classes, such as interference freedom, deadlock freedom, and appropriate notions of liveness for parallel programs. Also, special proof rules appropriate for each class of programs are presented. In spite of this diversity due to the rich program classes cons- ered, there exist a uniform underlying theory of veri?cation which is synt- oriented and promotes compositional approaches to veri?cation, leading to scalability of the methods. The text strikes the proper balance between mathematical rigor and - dactic introduction of increasingly complex rules in an incremental manner, adequately supported by state-of-the-art examples. As a result it can serve as a textbook for a variety of courses on di?erent levels and varying durations. It can also serve as a reference book for researchers in the theory of veri?- tion, in particular since it contains much material that never before appeared in book form. This is specially true for the treatment of object-oriented p- grams which is entirely novel and is strikingly elegant.

Putting capability management into practice requires both a solid theoretical foundation and realistic approaches. This book introduces a development methodology that integrates business and information system development and run-time adjustment based on the concept of capability by presenting the main findings of the CaaS project - the Capability-Driven Development (CDD) methodology, the architecture and components of the CDD environment, examples of real-world applications of CDD, and aspects of CDD usage for creating business value and new opportunities. Capability thinking characterizes an organizational mindset, putting capabilities at the center of the business model and information systems development. It is expected to help organizations and in particular digital enterprises to increase flexibility and agility in adapting to changes in their economic and regulatory environments. Capability management denotes the principles of how capability thinking should be implemented in an organization and the organizational means. This book is intended for anyone who wants to explore the opportunities for developing and managing context-dependent business capabilities and the supporting business services. It does not require a detailed understanding of specific development methods and tools, although some background knowledge and experience in information system development is advisable. The individual chapters have been written by leading researchers in the field of information systems development, enterprise modeling and capability management, as well as practitioners and industrial experts from these fields.

This book contains leading survey papers on the various aspects of Abduction, both logical and numerical approaches. Abduction is central to all areas of applied reasoning, including artificial intelligence, philosophy of science, machine learning, data mining and decision theory, as well as logic itself.

In "Physical Unclonable Functions in Theory and Practice," the authorspresent an in-depth overview ofvarious topics concerning PUFs, providing theoretical background and application details. This book concentrates on the practical issues of PUF hardware design, focusing on dedicated microelectronic PUF circuits.

Additionally, the authors discuss the whole process of circuit design, layout and chip verification. The book also offers coverage of: Different published approaches focusing on dedicated microelectronic PUF circuits Specification of PUF circuits General design issues Minimizing error rate from the circuit s perspective Transistor modeling issues of Montecarlo mismatch simulation and solutions Examples of PUF circuits including an accurate description of the circuits and testing/measurement resultsDifferent error rate reducing pre-selection techniques

This monographgives insight into PUFs in general and provides knowledge in the field of PUF circuit design and implementation. It could be of interest for all circuit designers confronted with PUF design, and also for professionals and students being introduced to the topic."

The launch of Microsoft s Kinect, the first high-resolution depth-sensing camera for the consumer market, generated considerable excitement not only among computer gamers, but also within the global community of computer vision researchers.

The potential of consumer depth cameras extends well beyond entertainment and gaming, to real-world commercial applications such virtual fitting rooms, training for athletes, and assistance for the elderly. This authoritative text/reference reviews the scope and impact of this rapidly growing field, describing the most promising Kinect-based research activities, discussing significant current challenges, and showcasing exciting applications.

Topics and features: presents contributions from an international selection of preeminent authorities in their fields, from both academic and corporate research; addresses the classic problem of multi-view geometry of how to correlate images from different viewpoints to simultaneously estimate camera poses and world points; examines human pose estimation using video-rate depth images for gaming, motion capture, 3D human body scans, and hand pose recognition for sign language parsing; provides a review of approaches to various recognition problems, including category and instance learning of objects, and human activity recognition; with a Foreword by Dr. Jamie Shotton of Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK.

This broad-ranging overview is a must-read for researchers and graduate students of computer vision and robotics wishing to learn more about the state of the art of this increasingly hot topic."

Non-Functional Requirements in Software Engineering presents a systematic and pragmatic approach to `building quality into' software systems. Systems must exhibit software quality attributes, such as accuracy, performance, security and modifiability. However, such non-functional requirements (NFRs) are difficult to address in many projects, even though there are many techniques to meet functional requirements in order to provide desired functionality. This is particularly true since the NFRs for each system typically interact with each other, have a broad impact on the system and may be subjective. To enable developers to systematically deal with a system's diverse NFRs, this book presents the NFR Framework. Structured graphical facilities are offered for stating NFRs and managing them by refining and inter-relating NFRs, justifying decisions, and determining their impact. Since NFRs might not be absolutely achieved, they may simply be satisfied sufficiently (`satisficed'). To reflect this, NFRs are represented as `softgoals', whose interdependencies, such as tradeoffs and synergy, are captured in graphs. The impact of decisions is qualitatively propagated through the graph to determine how well a chosen target system satisfices its NFRs. Throughout development, developers direct the process, using their expertise while being aided by catalogues of knowledge about NFRs, development techniques and tradeoffs, which can all be explored, reused and customized. Non-Functional Requirements in Software Engineering demonstrates the applicability of the NFR Framework to a variety of NFRs, domains, system characteristics and application areas. This will help readers apply the Framework to NFRs and domains of particular interest to them. Detailed treatments of particular NFRs - accuracy, security and performance requirements - along with treatments of NFRs for information systems are presented as specializations of the NFR Framework. Case studies of NFRs for a variety of information systems include credit card and administrative systems. The use of the Framework for particular application areas is illustrated for software architecture as well as enterprise modelling. Feedback from domain experts in industry and government provides an initial evaluation of the Framework and some case studies. Drawing on research results from several theses and refereed papers, this book's presentation, terminology and graphical notation have been integrated and illustrated with many figures. Non-Functional Requirements in Software Engineering is an excellent resource for software engineering practitioners, researchers and students.

Numbers, Information and Complexity is a collection of about 50 articles in honour of Rudolf Ahlswede. His main areas of research are represented in the three sections, `Numbers and Combinations', `Information Theory (Channels and Networks, Combinatorial and Algebraic Coding, Cryptology, with the related fields Data Compression, Entropy Theory, Symbolic Dynamics, Probability and Statistics)', and `Complexity'. Special attention was paid to the interplay between the fields. Surveys on topics of current interest are included as well as new research results. The book features surveys on Combinatorics about topics such as intersection theorems, which are not yet covered in textbooks, several contributions by leading experts in data compression, and relations to Natural Sciences are discussed.

Chaos-based cryptography, attracting many researchers in the past decade, is a research field across two fields, i.e., chaos (nonlinear dynamic system) and cryptography (computer and data security). It Chaos' properties, such as randomness and ergodicity, have been proved to be suitable for designing the means for data protection. The book gives a thorough description of chaos-based cryptography, which consists of chaos basic theory, chaos properties suitable for cryptography, chaos-based cryptographic techniques, and various secure applications based on chaos. Additionally, it covers both the latest research results and some open issues or hot topics. The book creates a collection of high-quality chapters contributed by leading experts in the related fields. It embraces a wide variety of aspects of the related subject areas and provide a scientifically and scholarly sound treatment of state-of-the-art techniques to students, researchers, academics, personnel of law enforcement and IT practitioners who are interested or involved in the study, research, use, design and development of techniques related to chaos-based cryptography.

3D Virtual Applications: Applications with Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds deals with the use of virtual inhabited 3D spaces in different domains of society. (Other volumes deal with interaction, production methodology and space.) From focusing on virtual reality (a reality into which users and objects from the real world should be moved) we are increasingly focusing on augmented reality (i.e. on moving computers out into the reality of real users, objects and activities). This book deals with the use of virtual inhabited 3D spaces in both contexts. Based on the structuring of the application domains, this book looks at the use of VR and augmented reality in the following major application domains:

- Production oriented applications - use of VR and augmented reality for control of complex production plants, for navigation support (ships, cars, aeroplanes) and for support of collaborative work processes

- Communication support applications - virtual spaces are used for supporting communication in learning environments and for support of organisational communication. Also virtual spaces are used for supporting the navigation of people in public spaces, i.e. as maps, planning tools

- Scientific applications - use of 3D models for medical research; use of dynamic models for representation of abstract concepts and ideas (data-mining applications); use of dynamic 3D models for simulating biological or social processes

- Artistic and cultural applications - the construction of stages representing concepts and/or emotions

Requirements engineering has since long acknowledged the importance of the notion that system requirements are stakeholder goals-rather than system functions-and ought to be elicited, modeled and analyzed accordingly. In this book, Nurcan and her co-editors collected twenty contributions from leading researchers in requirements engineering with the intention to comprehensively present an overview of the different perspectives that exist today, in 2010, on the concept of intention in the information systems community. These original papers honor Colette Rolland for her contributions to this field, as she was probably the first to emphasize that 'intention' has to be considered as a first-class concept in information systems engineering. Written by long-term collaborators (and most often friends) of Colette Rolland, this volume covers topics like goal-oriented requirements engineering, model-driven development, method engineering, and enterprise modeling. As such, it is a tour d'horizon of Colette Rolland's lifework, and is presented to her on the occasion of her retirement at CaISE 2010 in Hammamet, the conference she once cofounded and which she helped to grow and prosper for more than 20 years.

This work fills an important gap in the literature by providing an important link between MAPLE and its successful use in solving problems in Operations Research (OR). The symbolic, numerical, and graphical aspects of MAPLE make this software package an ideal tool for treating certain OR problems and providing descriptive and optimization-based analyses of deterministic and stochastic models. Detailed is MAPLE's treatment of some of the mathematical techniques used in OR modeling: e.g., algebra and calculus, ordinary and partial differential equations, linear algebra, transform methods, and probability theory.

A number of examples of OR techniques and applications are presented, such as linear and nonlinear programming, dynamic programming, stochastic processes, inventory models, queueing systems, and simulation. Throughout the text MAPLE statements used in the solutions of problems are clearly explained. At the same time, technical background material is presented in a rigorous mathematical manner to reach the OR novice and professional. Numerous end-of- chapter exercises, a good bibliography and overall index at the end of the book are also included, as well as MAPLE worksheets that are easily downloadable from the author's website at www.business.mcmaster.ca/msis/profs/parlar, or from the Birkhauser website at www.birkhauser.com/cgi-win/ISBN/0-8176-4165-3.

The book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in operations research, management science departments of business schools, industrial and systems engineering, economics, and mathematics. As a self-study resource, the text can be used by researchers and practitioners who want a quick overview ofMAPLE's usefulness in solving realistic OR problems that would be difficult or impossible to solve with other software packages.

As information technologies become increasingly distributed and accessible to larger number of people and as commercial and government organizations are challenged to scale their applications and services to larger market shares, while reducing costs, there is demand for software methodologies and appli- tions to provide the following features: Richer application end-to-end functionality; Reduction of human involvement in the design and deployment of the software; Flexibility of software behaviour; and Reuse and composition of existing software applications and systems in novel or adaptive ways. When designing new distributed software systems, the above broad requi- ments and their translation into implementations are typically addressed by partial complementarities and overlapping technologies and this situation gives rise to significant software engineering challenges. Some of the challenges that may arise are: determining the components that the distributed applications should contain, organizing the application components, and determining the assumptions that one needs to make in order to implement distributed scalable and flexible applications, etc.

A definitive reference for resolving the dilemma of application testing and debugging--one of the biggest time commitments in a programmer's daily routine--this book rescues readers from substandard application testing practices. It commences with several chapters that provide an overview the debugger's basic features, then covers common debugging scenarios.

Bioinspired computation methods such as evolutionary algorithms and ant colony optimization are being applied successfully to complex engineering problems and to problems from combinatorial optimization, and with this comes the requirement to more fully understand the computational complexity of these search heuristics. This is the first textbook covering the most important results achieved in this area.

The authors study the computational complexity of bioinspired computation and show how runtime behavior can be analyzed in a rigorous way using some of the best-known combinatorial optimization problems -- minimum spanning trees, shortest paths, maximum matching, covering and scheduling problems. A feature of the book is the separate treatment of single- and multiobjective problems, the latter a domain where the development of the underlying theory seems to be lagging practical successes.

This book will be very valuable for teaching courses on bioinspired computation and combinatorial optimization. Researchers will also benefit as the presentation of the theory covers the most important developments in the field over the last 10 years. Finally, with a focus on well-studied combinatorial optimization problems rather than toy problems, the book will also be very valuable for practitioners in this field.

The software product line strategy has enabled many organizations to improve productivity, reduce time-to-market, and address both mass- and niche markets. A successful product line organization achieves strategic levels of architectural reuse.

The topics in this book cover research related to the most important practices in a product line organization. The contributions provide experience-based knowledge about the domain and application engineering, the modeling and management of variability, and the design and use of tools to support the management of product line related knowledge. Kakola and Duenas have grouped them into five parts corresponding to the main areas of software product line engineering: product line management, product line requirements engineering, product line architecture, product line testing, and specific product line engineering issues. They ensured maximum coherence and cross-referencing throughout the book, imposing a common terminology and carefully integrating all chapters. The result is a valuable and enduring resource for researchers in both industry and academia who will also find many pointers for future research and implementation strategies. In addition, systems and software professionals, and technology managers aspiring to fully leverage the product line strategy will also benefit from many pertinent development details.

"This volume is a valuable resource for researchers wishing to move the product line strategy forward and for those charged with translating state-of-the-art ideas into state-of-the-practice processes and activities."

From the Foreword by John D. McGregor, Clemson University, USA

"ASN.1 Complete" teaches you everything you need to know about ASN.1-whether you're specifying a new protocol or implementing an existing one in a software or hardware development project. Inside, the author begins with an overview of ASN.1's most commonly encountered features, detailing and illustrating standard techniques for using them. He then goes on to apply the same practice-oriented approach to all of the notation's other features, providing you with an easy-to-navigate, truly comprehensive tutorial.
The book also includes thorough documentation of both the Basic and the Packed Encoding Rules-indispensable coverage for anyone doing hand-encoding, and a valuable resource for anyone wanting a deeper understanding of how ASN.1 and ASN.1 tools work. The concluding section takes up the history of ASN.1, in terms of both the evolution of the notation itself and the role it has played in hundreds of protocols and thousands of applications developed since its inception.

Features

* Covers all the features-common and not so common-available to you when writing a protocol specification using ASN.1.* Teaches you to read, understand, and implement a specification written using ASN.1.* Explains how ASN.1 tools work and how to use them.* Contains hundreds of detailed examples, all verified using OSS's ASN.1 Tools package.* Considers ASN.1 in relation to other protocol specification standards.

This book is concerned with topological and differential properties of multivalued mappings and marginal functions. Beside this applica- tions to the sensitivity analysis of optimization problems, in particular nonlinear programming problems with perturbations, are studied. The elaborated methods are primarily obtained by theories and concepts of two former Soviet Union researchers, Demyanov and Rubinov. Con- sequently, a significant part of the presented results have never been published in English before. Based on the use of directional derivatives as a key tool in studying nonsmooth functions and multifunctions, these results can be considered as a further development of quasidifferential calculus created by Demyanov and Rubinov. In contrast to other research in this field, especially the recent publica- tion by Bonnans and Shapiro, this book analyses properties of marginal functions associated with optimization problems under quite general con- straints defined by means of multivalued mappings. A unified approach to directional differentiability of functions and multifunctions forms the base of the volume.

Welcome to the 6th International Conference on Open Source Systems of the IFIP Working Group 2. 13. This year was the ?rst time this international conf- ence was held in North America. We had a large number of high-quality papers, highlyrelevantpanelsandworkshops, acontinuationofthepopulardoctoralc- sortium, and multiple distinguished invited speakers. The success of OSS 2010 was only possible because an Organizing Committee, a Program Committee, Workshop and Doctoral Committees, and authors of research manuscripts from over 25 countries contributed their time and interest to OSS 2010. In the spirit of the communities we study, you self-organized, volunteered, and contributed to this important research forum studying free, libre, open source software and systems. We thank you Despite our modest success, we have room to improve and grow our conf- ence and community. At OSS 2010 we saw little or no participation from large portions of the world, including Latin America, Africa, China, and India. But opportunitiestoexpandarepossible. InJapan, weseeahotspotofparticipation led by Tetsuo Noda and his colleagues, both with full-paper submissions and a workshopon"OpenSourcePolicyandPromotionofITIndustries inEastAsia. " The location of OSS 2011 in Salvador, Brazil, will hopefully result in signi?cant participation from researchers in Brazil - already a strong user of OSS - and otherSouthAmericancountries. UndertheleadershipofMeganSquire, Publicity Chair, we recruited RegionalPublicity Co-chairscovering Japan (Tetsuo Noda), Africa(SulaymanSowe), the MiddleEastandSouthAsia(FaheenAhmed), R- sia and Eastern Europe (Alexey Khoroshilov), Western Europe (Yeliz Eseryel), UK and Ireland (Andrea Capiluppi), and the Nordic countries (Bj] orn Lundell)."