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Books > Language & Literature > Literary & linguistic reference works > Dictionaries
John William Colenso (1814-83) was appointed the first Bishop of
Natal in 1853 and settled there in 1855. He devoted great energy to
developing the diocese, overseeing the completion of the cathedral
in Pietermaritzburg, the building of churches in Durban and
Richmond and the establishment of mission stations. He also learned
Zulu and set up a printing press. He published a Zulu grammar in
1855, within months of his arrival, and translated the New
Testament into Zulu. This substantial Zulu-English dictionary
appeared in 1861, with financial support from the colonial
legislature. It contains over 10,000 entries, many with examples of
usage, and includes loan words from European languages. The Preface
provides brief notes on phonology, and explains Colenso's
orthographic principles, criteria for selection, and the structure
of the entries. The dictionary remained a standard work even after
Colenso's death, and a fourth revised edition was published in
1905.
An up-to-date Catalan language resource for students and travelers
to Barcelona and other cities in the Pyrenees region. Catalan is a
romance language named after the autonomous province Catalonia in
Spain and spoken by well over 9 million people worldwide. It is
also the national and only official language of Andorra. Most
Catalan speakers, however, reside in Spain's Catalonia and Valencia
provinces. Catalan is not a dialect of Spanish, but a language that
developed independently from Vulgar Latin during the Middle Ages
around the Pyrenees region. During the 19th century and the rise of
a nationalist cultural movement in Catalonia, the language was
revived as a literary language. Since the 1980s, Catalan has been
the language used in state schools, and thus most residents of
Catalonia are bilingual in Catalan and Spanish. Ideal for
businesspeople, travelers, and students, this dictionary features
over 16,000 word-to-word entries, including common words as well as
technical, legal, business and locally-specific terms (key cities,
foods, and cultural terms). It also includes a comprehensive
pronunciation guide and a concise discussion of the basics of
Catalan grammar.
Hausa is an African language originating in Niger and northern
Nigeria and spoken widely in West and Central Africa as a lingua
franca. Charles Henry Robinson (1861 1925) was the first student of
the short-lived Hausa Association, formed in 1891 to promote the
study of the Hausa Language and people. The Association sponsored
Robinson to stay in northern Nigeria from 1894 to 1895 to gain more
experience in the language. On his return Robinson published an
anthology of Hausa texts in 1896 and a Hausa grammar in 1897 as
well as this two-volume dictionary in 1899. His efforts contributed
greatly to Western knowledge of the language despite criticisms of
his relatively short experience of Hausa-speaking communities.
Volume 1 is a Hausa English dictionary. The version reissued here
is the 1925 fourth edition, for which the Hausa English dictionary
was re-written and expanded.
Hausa is an African language originating in Niger and northern
Nigeria and spoken widely in West and Central Africa as a lingua
franca. Charles Henry Robinson (1861 1925) was the first student of
the short-lived Hausa Association, formed in 1891 to promote the
study of the Hausa Language and people. The Association sponsored
Robinson to stay in northern Nigeria from 1894 to 1895 to gain more
experience in the language. On his return Robinson published an
anthology of Hausa texts in 1896 and a Hausa grammar in 1897 as
well as this two-volume dictionary in 1899. His efforts contributed
greatly to Western knowledge of the language despite criticisms of
his relatively short experience of Hausa-speaking communities.
Volume 2 is an English Hausa dictionary, intended for those who
wished to speak colloquial Hausa. The version reissued here is the
1925 fourth edition.
Surprising, colorful, and long-forgotten entries from the most
famous dictionary in the history of the English language
Samuel Johnson's best-known work, "A Dictionary of the English
Language" (1755), is the most influential and idiosyncratic lexicon
ever written and was used by Jane Austen and Charles Dickens, the
Bront's and the Brownings, Thomas Hardy and Oscar Wilde. This
anthology includes 4,000 of the most representative, entertaining,
and historically fascinating entries, covering subjects from
fashion to food, science to sex, and given in full with original
spelling and examples of usage from Shakespeare to Milton.
The first thematically arranged collection of Hume's political
writings, this new work brings together substantive selections from
A Treatise on Human Nature , An Enquiry Concerning the Principles
of Morals , and Essays: Moral, Political and Literary , with an
interpretive introduction placing Hume in the context of
contemporary debates between liberalism and its critics and between
contextual and universal approaches.
These selections provide a brief but comprehensive introduction to
Fichte's philosophical system and his place in the history of
German Idealism. In addition to some of Fichte's most influential
texts, such as the First and Second Introductions to the
Wissenschaftslehre and The Basis of Our Belief in a Divine
Governance of the World, Breazeale has translated, for the first
time into English, several other writings from the same period,
including Attempt at a New Presentation of the Wissenschaftslehre,
Other short essays, including Fichte's replies to the charge of
atheism, extend the discussions of the Introductions and respond to
criticisms. Breazeale's substantial Introduction supplies the
context needed for a sound appreciation of Fichte's enterprise and
achievement.
Each Oxford Beginner's Bilingual Dictionary is designed to offer
English speaking adult learners a comprehensive, straightforward
introduction to foreign languages, covering all the vocabulary
needed for the first years of study, along with notes on grammar
and usage and guidance on the culture where the language is spoken.
These easy-to-use references break from standard dictionary design.
Clear entries with examples showing how the language works in
context make it quick and simple to find the translation you're
looking for, and the bold, color layout makes the dictionary easy
to navigate, allowing you to get to grips with the language fast.
All main translations are preceded by an equals sign so that they
are instantly identifiable, and all parts of the entry are spelled
out in full, avoiding confusing jargon and abbreviations. Grammar
and usage notes throughout the text warn of possible translation
pitfalls, and thousands of example phrases show how the language is
used in real life.
At the center of each dictionary is a section devoted to useful
information on the country, countries, or regions where the
language is spoken. This includes background on lifestyles and
culture, tips on etiquette and interaction, and a phrasefinder that
provides handy phrases for use when traveling abroad. The
dictionary also includes a section on core vocabulary--all the
words you absolutely must know at a beginner's level, whether you
are a student, traveler, or business person.
The Oxford Beginner's Bilingual Dictionary is the perfect tool for
adult language learners who need basic vocabulary at their
fingertips fast.
In ancient Greece, as today, popular moral attitudes differed
importantly from the theories of moral philosophers. While for the
latter we have Plato and Aristotle, this insightful work explores
the everyday moral conceptions to which orators appealed in court
and political assemblies, and which were reflected in
non-philosophical literature. Oratory and comedy provide the
primary testimony, and reference is also made to Sophocles,
Euripides, Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, and other sources. The
selection of topics, the contrasts and comparisons with modern
religious, social and legal principles, and accessibility to the
non-specialist ensure the work's appeal to all readers with an
interest in ancient Greek culture and social life.
Power napping, the Oprah effect, girl power - these are just some of the recent figures of speech to have entered our language. The perfect guide to the idiosyncrasies of the English language, this best-selling dictionary has been completely revised for its second edition and includes hundreds of new idioms. It provide clear and concise definitions and explains how the idioms should be used. At the same time the dictionary's thematic arrangement makes it possible not only to study and compare all the idioms in a given subject area, but to match the right one to the right occasion. * Gives full explanations of some 4,000 phrases * Entries are grouped according to theme: for example, colours (white as a sheet), elements (air-kissing), life and death (as pale as death), clothes (verbal handbagging), war and peace (eco-warrior) * Offers a clear example of usage for each idiom, using everyday speech * Provides background information on the origins of certain expressions, such as like the measles, nutty as a fruitcake and malapropisms and spoonerisms
This is a compact and user-friendly Japanese to English and English
to Japanese dictionary. The Tuttle Compact Japanese Dictionary is
an updated and expanded version of Martin's Concise Japanese
Dictionary, the favorite dictionary for students of the Japanese
language for more than 30 years. The inclusion of declensions for
common verbs at the back is a valuable reference for foreigners
learning Japanese is. The layout of the dictionary is extremely
easy to use: headwords are highlighted in color, and all entries
are given in Japanese script as well as their romanized
equivalents. This format gives the learner a head start in
mastering the important written characters of Japanese. This
dictionary includes idiomatic expressions along with numerous
sample sentences showing how Japanese words and expressions are
correctly used in everyday contexts. A comprehensive pronunciation
guide and detailed notes on Japanese grammar are also included,
making this dictionary a great way to learn Japanese. Comprehensive
and up-to-date with over 25,000 entries. English-Japanese and
Japanese-English sections. Clear, user-friendly layout with idioms,
expressions and sample sentences. The ideal dictionary for
students, teachers and business people.
A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary is an authoritative resource for
learners and scholars alike. Each entry includes a transliteration
for easier understanding, etymological information on the root and
derivatives, and an indication of the rarity of the word and the
literary period to which it belongs.
This internationally acclaimed dictionary is widely used as a key
reference tool by language professionals. With over 300,000 words
and phrases, and half a million translations, and packed full of
grammatical and usage information for both languages, it is the
most authoritative Spanish bilingual dictionary available.
Developed through consultation with academic advisors, its editors
have used the latest technology to search millions of words of
web-based text identifying the most recent additions to Spanish and
English, and changes in usage. Thousands of new words and updated
translations have been added in Spanish and English, covering
subjects from politics and industry to technology and ecology. A
clear colour layout and a new entry menu help you to navigate
longer entries and make the text accessible and easy to use.
Additional material ideal for students on their year abroad, or
those working in Spanish or English, has been expanded and updated,
including language of bank accounts, letters and CVs, to texting
and telephoning, and much more. New and updated cultural notes
teach you more about life in Spanish- and English-speaking
countries.
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