Infectious diseases have been a threat since the beginning of civilization, leading the world to constantly adapt and advance medical knowledge in order to survive. The way society responds to these diseases has changed significantly throughout the years due to an influx of new technology, information, and research. In order to ensure society is equipped to handle future battles with infectious diseases, it is essential to understand past outbreaks and how they were handled. Historical and Epidemiological Analyses on the Impact of Infectious Disease on Society considers the history of infectious disease from the dawn of man to the present and discusses the scope and impact they have had on society and humanity. This book also examines how nation-state conflicts have interwoven with microscopic conflicts. Covering a range of critical topics such as plague, lethality, and technology, this reference work is ideal for medical professionals, historians, researchers, scholars, practitioners, academicians, instructors, and students.

Band XIb-2 ist - abgesehen von einigen Ergdnzungen zu den Bdnden XIa und XIb-1 - den Sekunddrstoffen der Papilionoideae gewidmet und bietet einen wohl einmaligen \berblick ]ber die Chemotaxonomie und die sekunddren Inhaltsstoffe dieser Pflanzengruppe. Er ist daher von speziellem Interesse f]r Leguminosenforscher, Pharmakologen, Phytochemiker und Ethnobotaniker. Wie die Bdnde XIa und XIb-1 enthdlt auch dieser Band zahlreiche Literaturhinweise und ein Register mit taxonomischem Index und Stichwortverzeichnis. Dieser letzte Band stellt nach etwa vierzigjdhriger Arbeit den Abschluss der Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen von Robert Hegnauer dar. Der erste Band erschien 1962; bei der Aufnahme des Autors in die Leopoldina (1972) waren sechs Bdnde abgeschlossen, die alle Familien der hvheren Pflanzen mit Ausnahme der Leguminosen ber]cksichtigten. Diesen Bdnden folgten drei Nachtragsbdnde und ein Generalregister sowie drei Bdnde ]ber Leguminosen.

Environmental pollution as a consequence of diverse human activities has become a global concern. Urbanization, mining, industrial revolution, burning of fossil fuels/firewood and poor agricultural practices, in addition to improper dumping of waste products, are largely responsible for the undesirable change in the environment composition. Environmental pollution is mainly classified as air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, noise pollution, thermal pollution, light pollution, and plastic pollution. Nowadays, it has been realized that with the increasing environmental pollution, impurities may accumulate in plants, which are required for basic human uses such as for food, clothing, medicine, and so on. Environmental pollution has tremendous impacts on phenological events, structural patterns, physiological phenomena, biochemical status, and the cellular and molecular features of plants. Exposure to environmental pollution induces acute or chronic injury depending on the pollutant concentration, exposure duration, season and plant species. Moreover, the global rise of greenhouse gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxides, methane, chlorofluorocarbons and ozone in the atmosphere is among the major threats to the biodiversity. They have also shown visible impacts on life cycles and distribution of various plant species. Anthropogenic activities, including the fossil-fuel combustion in particular, are responsible for steady increases in the atmospheric greenhouse gases concentrations. This phenomenon accelerates the global heating. Studies have suggested that the changes in carbon dioxide concentrations, rainfall and temperature have greatly influenced the plant physiological and metabolic activities including the formation of biologically active ingredients. Taken together, plants interact with pollutants, and cause adverse ecological and economic outcomes. Therefore, plant response to pollutants requires more investigation in terms of damage detection, adaptation, tolerance, and the physiological and molecular responses. The complex interplay among other emerging pollutants, namely, radioisotopes, cell-phone radiation, nanoparticles, nanocomposites, heavy metals etc. and their impact on plant adaptation strategies, and possibility to recover, mitigation, phytoremediation, etc., also needs to be explored. Further, it is necessary to elucidate better the process of the pollutant's uptake by plant and accumulation in the food chain, and the plant resistance capability against the various kinds of environmental pollutants. In this context, the identification of tolerance mechanisms in plants against pollutants can help in developing eco-friendly technologies, which requires molecular approaches to increase plant tolerance to pollutants, such as plant transformation and genetic modifications. Pollutant-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species that cause DNA damage and apoptosis-related alterations, has also been examined. They also trigger changes at the levels of transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, which has been discussed in this book.

Given the migration to more technologically driven services and resources in today's world, as well as the range of digital innovations and research that have taken shape throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to consider the role that such advancements have played in supporting mental health initiatives. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health service providers utilized technology and online environments more than ever before to care for people's mental health and emotional needs, which has forced us to raise questions like how COVID-19 has impacted mental health support and services and how technology has helped people with their mental health through this ongoing crisis, along with outlooks for the future. Digital Innovations for Mental Health Support explores a range of current developments and topics surrounding the application of technology in mental health services including the need to examine the availability and forms of technologies to support mental health, how technology is received by people and the providers of services utilizing technology, how online platforms are increasingly being used for support and how efficacious these are, as well as how they are monitored and the issues that arise from their use. This publication provides an outlet with chapters focusing on empirical studies across a variety disciplines that utilize technologies and online platforms to support mental health and emotional well-being, including psychology, counseling, medicine, education, and psychiatry. Covering topics such as counseling online and computer games to support mental health, it is ideal for researchers, academics, healthcare professionals, and students.

Advances in Dietary Lipids and Human Health systematically summarizes recent research advances in dietary lipids and human health. The book proposes a strategy for the prevention of NCDs and the management of population and personal health through the rational use of dietary fat. It covers the relationship between total lipids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and NCDs, and other uncommon fatty acids, such as conjugated fatty acids, middle and short chain fatty acid, furan fatty acids, n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and structured fat. Intended for nutrition researchers, dieticians, clinicians and others in academia who are focused on medicine, preventive medicine, public health and food science students, this valuable reference provides information that will assist readers in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, metabolic disorders, diabetes, neuropsychiatric diseases, and cancer by specifically managing dietary lipids.

Advances in Virus Research, Volume 113 in this ongoing serial, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. Sections cover RNA modifications in viruses and virus infected cells, RNA silencing suppression, Animal models of alphavirus infection, and Enterovirus entry and spread.

Environmental Applications of Microbial Nanotechnology: Emerging Trends in Environmental Remediation discusses emerging trends and recent advancements in environmental remediation. The book provides environmental applications of microbial nanotechnology that helps readers understand novel microbial systems and take advantage of recent advances in microbial nanotechnologies. It highlights established research and technology on microbial nanotechnology's environmental applications, moves to rapidly emerging aspects and then discusses future research directions. The book provides researchers in academia and industry with a high-tech start-up that will revolutionize the modern environmental applications of microbial nanotechnology research.

Now a major BBC comedy-drama starring BAFTA and Emmy award-winning actor Ben Whishaw. Critics Choice Awards nominee for 'Best Limited Series' and 'Best Actor'. The multi-million copy bestseller now with an exclusive preface by the author. Welcome to the life of a junior doctor: 97-hour weeks, life and death decisions, a constant tsunami of bodily fluids, and the hospital parking meter earns more than you. Scribbled in secret after endless days, sleepless nights and missed weekends, Adam Kay's This is Going to Hurt provides a no-holds-barred account of his time on the NHS front line. Hilarious, horrifying and heartbreaking, this diary is everything you wanted to know - and more than a few things you didn't - about life on and off the hospital ward. 'Painfully funny. The pain and the funniness somehow add up to something entirely good, entirely noble and entirely loveable.' - Stephen Fry Sunday Times Number One Bestseller for over a year and winner of a record FOUR National Book Awards: Book of the Year, Non-Fiction Book of the Year, New Writer of the Year and Zoe Ball Book Club Book of the Year.

Successful communication can help to prevent health problems, promote healthy behaviors and lifestyles, and overcome health challenges. However, various issues have created obstacles for the promotion of health communication, including low health literacy, the reluctance of patients to admit their lack of understanding, the overestimation by health professionals of a patient's level of understanding, and insufficient health literacy tools, to name a few. It is thus essential to convey the latest communication models and practices being used to increase health literacy and provide adequate health information to society. Health Communication Models and Practices in Interpersonal and Media Contexts: Emerging Research and Opportunities explores and analyzes the fundamentals, models, and dimensions of health communication and offers practical solutions for better communications with direct outcomes in the optimization of citizens' health literacy. The book also discusses and proposes more effective health communication models and practices as a tool for the construction of more solid and evident health outcomes. Covering topics such as cancer prevention, health professionals' communication, and models of health communication, this text is essential for health professionals, communication professionals, professors, teachers, researchers, academicians, and students.

Imagine a time when a killer disease took lives at a rate rivaling Covid-19 in 2020 and 2021, and continued that grim harvest year after year, decade after decade. Such a nightmare scenario played out in the state of Arkansas-and across the United States-throughout the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth, when the scourge of tuberculosis afflicted populations. Stalking the Great Killer is the gripping story of Arkansas's struggle to control tuberculosis, and how eventually the state became a model in its effective treatment of the disease. To place the story of tuberculosis in Arkansas in historical perspective, the authors trace the origins of the disease back to the Stone Age. As they explain, it became increasingly lethal in the nineteenth century, particularly in Europe and North America. Among U.S. states, Arkansas suffered some of the worst ravages of the disease, and the authors argue that many of the improvements in the state's medical infrastructure grew out of the desperate need to control it. In the early twentieth century, Arkansas established a state-owned sanitarium in the northwestern town of Booneville and, thirty years later, the segregated Black sanitarium outside Little Rock. These institutions helped slow the "Great Killer" but at a terrible cost: removed from families and communities, patients suffered from the trauma of isolation. Joseph Bates saw this when he personally delivered an uncle to the Booneville sanitarium as a teen in the 1940s. In the 1960s, Bates, now himself a physician, and his physician colleague Paul Reagan overcame a resistant medical-political system to develop a new approach to treating the disease without the necessity of prolonged isolation. This approach, consisting of brief hospitalization followed by outpatient treatment, became the standard of care for the disease. Americans today, having gained control of the disease in the United States, seldom look back. Yet, in the age of the Covid-19 pandemic, this compelling history, based on extensive research and eyewitness testimony, offers valuable lessons for the present about community involvement in public health, the potential efficacy of public-private partnerships, and the importance of forward-thinking leadership in the battle to eradicate disease.

This book presents current and emerging knowledge related to the exceptional situation, the aftermath of COVID-19, which has impacted all aspects of human existence. These chapters relate to current and planned research studies on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education. The questions answered are related to how the pandemic has changed the practices of education, for better or for worse, and to whether the pandemic has triggered a paradigm shift in the future of education and thus the current practices will become a "new normal." This book gathers both national and international feedback and experiences related to teaching, learning, assessing, conducting research, and policy making in various fields of education during and post COVID-19 pandemic to provide a wholistic view to the different players in the education sector in order to have tangible data that will, hopefully, help in taking the right decisions.